Jump to content

Standup paddleboarding

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Larshei (talk | contribs) at 17:36, 6 July 2021 (→Equipment). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Standup paddleboarding in light surf
Standup paddle boarding in Lake Annecy
Kai Lenny, World Cup Sylt 2009
Paddle surfing at Playa de Las Canteras, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, 2018
Paddle surfing at Playa de Las Canteras, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, 2018
Paddle surfing at Playa de Las Canteras, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, 2018
Paddle Boarding in Baja California Sur

Standup paddleboarding (SUP) is a water sport born from surfing with modern roots in Hawaii.[1] Stand up paddle boarders stand on boards that are floating on the water, and use a paddle to propel themselves through the water. The sport was documented in a 2013 report that identified it as the outdoor sporting activity with the most first-time participants in the United States that year.[2] Variations include flat water paddling, racing, surfing, whitewater SUP, yoga, and fishing.[3]

History

Standup paddleboarding (SUP), the act of propelling oneself on a floating platform with the help of a paddle or pole, traces back thousands of years and across many continents, but its current form and popularity originated in Hawaii in the 1900s. Records of earlier forms of SUP have been found as early as 3,000 B.C. and its iterations span over various regions such as Peru, Palestine, Italy, and China.[4]

Modern standup paddleboarding began in the 1940s in Waikiki. John Ah Choy was a local Hawaiian who surfed, but as he got older and was unable to get up and down from his board, he would stand on his board from the break and paddle out with a canoe paddle to catch waves. His sons, Leroy and Bobby Ah Choy, and their friend, Duke Kahanamoku, started to mimic this while they taught surfing to visiting tourists. They did this as a way to keep an eye on surf students while also monitoring the incoming swell. They also utilized the vantage point of being out on the water to take pictures. As the style became popular with other surfers, it took on the name Beach Boy Surfing after the instructors, who were called Waikiki Beach Boys.[1] Steve West credits outrigger canoeing combined with surfing as the basis of SUP, since the individual skills (board riding and paddling) already existed.[5] In the 1990s Laird Hamilton redefined and modernized standup paddleboarding as a sport.[1] In 2004, SUP surfing was added as a category in the Buffalo Big Board Contest.[6]

Standup paddleboarding has diversified from a variation of surfing into racing, touring, yoga, whitewater, and fishing.[3] Its surfing heritage coupled with its various disciplines make the sport attractive and accessible to everyone, regardless of ability.[7]

The first magazine devoted to the sport, Standup Journal, was founded in June 2007.[8]

SUP surfing

SUP surfing is a variation of traditional surfing. Instead of lying prone on the surf board and paddling with arms to get out to the surf zone, SUP surfing allows the participant to stand on the board from the shore and paddle out to the surf zone using a SUP paddle. The best way to move forward is to stand hip-width apart on the board with your knees slightly bent. The paddle should be held in the water perpendicular to the board so that you do not unintentionally steer while driving.[9] Once in the surf zone, the rules for surfing still apply. At the SUP surfer's turn, you paddle and steer with the SUP paddle to catch a wave. This style of surfing is widely used by surfers who have physical limitations due to hip and shoulder injuries.[4]

SUP touring

In 2007 the concept of paddle boarding on flat-water began to take serious shape and a year later the first touring boards started to hit the market. This style of board differs from traditional surfing style SUPs in that it includes a displacement hull. The displacement hull allows the board to glide and track similar to a canoe or kayak. Many other features were soon offered, including deck rigging to carry gear. The fast design with more glide is an attractive option for those who plan to keep their adventures inland. Tour paddle boarding has become a way for individuals to seek adventure, serenity, personal achievement and a deeper connection with nature.

In 2018 Cal Major became the first person to paddle Land's End to John o' Groats, the classic British long-distance journey, taking 59 days.[10] Her route took her along the Cornish and Devon coast into the Bristol Channel, up the River Severn and by canals to Blackpool, by sea around Cumbria and the Mull of Galloway, across the Firth of Clyde to Arran, along the whole of the Caledonian Canal, and up the coast of north east Scotland.[11]

SUP yoga

SUP Yoga is the practice of yoga while on a SUP board. Any SUP board can be used; however, an inflatable SUP (iSUP) is said to be more forgiving for yoga practice. SUP Yoga inflatable paddle boards are mostly stable, robust all-around stand up paddle boards with some important additional features:

  • slightly wider than normal
  • enlarged, soft and non-slippery surface in the middle of the board for better grip
  • Paddle holders (lateral) for fixing the paddles during the yoga session
  • the carrying handle is not located in the middle of the board

SUP yoga is done on calm water, such as lakes and bays.[4] Sometimes a small anchor is attached to the end of the board to keep the board in one location during the SUP yoga session.[12]

SUP fishing

The introduction of SUPs to the fishing world[13][14] provided a new low cost alternative to anglers looking to explore shallow water estuaries in the solo skiff category. The inflatable SUP could be easily traveled with or transported to destination fishing locations by car, boat and even seaplane and packed as luggage on commercial airlines for use at travel destinations. This portability extended the anglers fishing range and ability to fish previously unexplored areas. A paddle board's minuscule draft allows fishermen to access extremely shallow estuaries that skiffs can not, thus increases there popularity specifically amongst fly fisherman and anglers sight fishing. SUPs do not displace as much as a traditional skiff, therefore allowing anglers to approach fish in shallow water with out alerting them to their presence.

A few fishing-specific SUPs are designed for mounting an engine,[15] further extending the angler's range and creating a new hybrid SUP category. Powered fishing SUPS combine the advantages of engine propelled shallow-water fishing vessels with the advantage of stability offered by SUPs when the angler is standing, compared with more traditional methods such as a powered canoe.

Popularity

According to the Outdoor Foundation's 2013 Outdoor Participation Report, stand up paddle boarding was listed as the most popular outdoor activity among first-time participants. The report stated that the median age of stand up paddle boarders was 28.

The Outdoor Foundation's 2015 Special Report into Paddlesports found that 2.8 million (or 0.9%) of Americans participated in standup paddleboarding in 2014. This was up from 2.0 million in 2013. Ages 25–44 made up the highest percentage of overall contributors (47%). The highest participation rate was teenagers ages 14–17 (1.8%), with males comprising 76% of this age bracket.[16]

Equipment

Paddleboard and paddle on the beach at Siesta Key

Board

Most SUP boards are in the range of 10–12 feet, with boards over 12 feet used mostly for racing, and those under 10 feet primarily used for SUP surfing.  The size board a user would choose depends on the user’s weight, although height can also be a factor. Wider boards give better stability for beginners, as well as users who plan to do casual activities with their board, such as yoga, touring and fishing.[4]  Narrower boards are more agile and are mostly used by advanced paddlers and for SUP surfing.[17]   

Due to the thickness required of a SUP, solid boards have a foam core that is then covered in one of many materials available, such as wood veneers, fiberglass, or carbon fiber.  Epoxy resin can be added on top of those materials to create a stronger board.[4]

Another option is an inflatable SUP, or iSUP, which is built from a drop-stitch core of thousands of fine threads, that is then covered by one or more layers of PVC.[18] iSUP can be used for all types of paddling activities, and when deflated, can be small enough to fit into a backpack.[18]

Many SUP and iSUP boards utilize a single, centered removable fin. This is to aide in stabilization and used mostly in calm and low wave paddling.  Occasionally second and third, smaller fins are added for surfing or additional stability.[19]

Paddle

A SUP paddle is used to propel the board and its user across the surface of the water. The paddle consists of a blade, shaft, and handle, and should be between 8 and 15 inches taller than the user. They are similar to, but longer than, traditional canoe paddles. They can be constructed from plastic, aluminum, fiberglass, carbon fiber, and wood. The blade of a SUP paddle is designed to be at an angle to the front of the board. This design provides more power as the user pulls themselves through the water.[20]

Leash

A leash is used to attach the user to the board. It keeps the board from floating away should the user fall off. The leash should be about a foot longer than the board, with one end attached to the tail of the board and the other end attached to the user's ankle or calf. There are two types of leashes: coiled and straight. Choosing which to use depends on the user's preference. It is recommended to only use a leash made for a SUP, as leashes made for surf boards may not be durable enough for the heavier boards. It is also recommended that users choose a breakaway style leash for use on rivers due to the potential to get tangled in fallen tree limbs and rocks that are in the water.[21]

Additional Equipment

The U.S. Coast Guard requires users that will be outside of swim and surf areas to have a personal flotation device available or worn, as well as a whistle to alert other boaters of your presence. It is also recommended to have a light available for night paddling and sun protection for paddling activities during the day.[22]

Safety and regulations

United States

In many areas of the US, no regulations require the use of a personal flotation device (PFD) while using a SUP board in the surf zone. However, the jurisdictions and rules requiring a PFD may vary according to the type of water: surf zone, international waters, harbors and other inland waterways.[23] The US Coast Guard classifies SUPs as vessels, like canoes or kayaks. Hence, SUP riders are required to wear a PFD when paddling in certain areas outside of the surf zone.[17] Areas such as Myrtle Beach, SC[24] or Virginia Beach, VA[25] closely regulate beach and surf zones, requiring the use of leashes on a SUP board similar to the law for surfboards. These regulations and requirements may be enforced seasonally during high-tourism seasons or all year. It is important to use a quick-release belt when paddling in whitewater conditions as this allows the paddler to safely detach from a tangled leash.[26]

United Kingdom

No regulations require the use of a personal flotation device (PFD) while using a SUP board in the surf. In flat water environments localized regulations may require the use of a PFD such as on lakes, rivers and inland waterways. In a teaching environment SUP schools and clubs individual risk assessments may require the use of PFDs for less confident stand up paddle boarders. The use of a leash is always recommended in all paddling environments and is a key piece of safety equipment.[27]

Competition

In August 2020, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) determined that both the International Surfing Association (ISA) and International Canoe Federation (ICF) can hold official standup paddleboard competitions, although the ISA alone will be recognized as the governing body at the Olympic level.[28] However, the only ISA competition currently approved for 2020 and 2024 Olympic competition is shortboard.[29]

The ISA's World Championships were first held in Peru (2012, 2013), with following editions held in Nicaragua (2014), Mexico (2015), Fiji (2016), Denmark (2017), China (2018), and El Salvador (2019).

2020 World Record attempt to SUP around Great Britain[30]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Tracing the Colorful History of Stand-Up Paddling". The Inertia. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  2. ^ "Research - Outdoor Participation - Outdoor Recreation Participation Report 2013 - Outdoor Industry Association". outdoorindustry.org. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  3. ^ a b Regan, Jay (14 July 2019). "The Ultimate Beginner's Guide to Standup Paddleboarding". Gillsports.com.
  4. ^ a b c d e Marcus, Ben, 1960-. The art of stand up paddling : a complete guide to SUP on lakes, rivers, and oceans (Second ed.). Guilford, Connecticut. ISBN 978-1-4930-0832-2. OCLC 921839862.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ "Steve West On The Roots Of Stand Up Paddling". SUP Racer - the pulse of stand up paddleboarding. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  6. ^ "History of Stand Up Paddling". SUP, Canoe, Kayak Tours & Maui Surf Lessons. 15 September 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  7. ^ "Adaptive Paddling: Onit Ability Boards". www.abilities.com. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  8. ^ "Standup Journal: About Us". Standup Journal. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  9. ^ "The Paddle Board driving technique basics". Retrieved 7 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Lo, Janice (2 July 2018). "Cal Major completes Land's End to John o'Groats paddleboarding expedition". Gone Paddling. Palm Equipment. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  11. ^ "2018: Lands End to John O'Groats". Paddle Against Plastic. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  12. ^ "Stand-Up Paddleboard Yoga". Boston.com. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  13. ^ Clarke, John (15 August 2018). "The New Fishing Vessel of Choice? Stand-Up Paddleboards". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  14. ^ Post, Scott Willoughby | The Denver (16 July 2013). "Local fishermen are getting on board with the SUP craze". The Denver Post. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  15. ^ Dzierzak, Lou (13 September 2017). "First Look: Upcoming Products From Paddlesports Retailer 2017". GearJunkie. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  16. ^ 2015 Special Report into Paddlesports downloaded from American Canoe on 12 September 2016
  17. ^ a b Casey, Rob. (2011). Stand up paddling : flatwater to surf and rivers (1st ed.). Seattle, WA: Mountaineers Books. ISBN 978-1-59485-253-4. OCLC 663102366.
  18. ^ a b Airhead. "An Inside Look At the Technology of Inflatable Paddle Boards". Airhead. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  19. ^ "Do SUP fins really matter?". Airhead. 5 June 2014.
  20. ^ Clarkin, Ashley. "How to Choose SUP Paddles". REI: Expert Advice. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  21. ^ Jones, Michaela. "How to Choose Stand Up Paddle Board (SUP) Accessories". REI: Expert Advice. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  22. ^ Clarkin, Ashley. "Stand Up Paddle Boarding (SUP) Basics". REI: Expert Advice. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  23. ^ "Code of Federal Regulations Title 33 Part 2(A)". e-Code of Federal Regulations. U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  24. ^ "Myrtle Beach Laws - MyrtleBeach.com". MyrtleBeach.com. City of Myrtle Beach. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  25. ^ "Local Ordinances of the City of Virginia Beach" (PDF). vbgov.com. City of Virginia Beach. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  26. ^ "6 Essential SUP Safety Items that You Should Never Be Without". SUPconnect. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
  27. ^ "A leash is a necessity not an accessory!". SUPboarder Mag. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  28. ^ "CAS rules both ISA and ICF can hold stand-up paddling events". www.insidethegames.biz. 6 August 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  29. ^ "IOC approves five new sports for Olympic Games Tokyo 2020". International Olympic Committee. 18 February 2019. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  30. ^ "World Record Attempt to SUP Around Great Britain". Paddling Life. 18 August 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paddle surfing.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standup_paddleboarding&oldid=1032311959"