View source for 'n

{{also|ʼn|Appendix:Variations of "n"}}
==English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/n/|[n̩]}}

===Etymology 1===
{{contraction of|en|and}}

====Conjunction====
{{en-con}}

# {{nonstandard spelling of|en|'n'}}
#: ''fish '''{{'}}n''' chips''
#: ''rock '''{{'}}n''' roll''
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:Arthur D. Howden Smith|Arthur D[ouglas] Howden Smith]]|chapter=The Ferryman|title=Commodore Vanderbilt: An Epic of American Achievement|location=New York, N.Y.|publisher=[[w:Robert M. McBride|Robert M[edill] McBride]] & Company|year=1927|section=III|pages=50–51|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/commodorevanderb00smit/page/50/mode/1up|passage=“Might think we was brother '''{{'}}n''' sister, to hear ye, Ma! Damn me to glory, don't ye know thar's fust cousins marryin' every week? And no harm come of it.” {{...}} “Oh, son, not in the face of Pa '''{{'}}n''' me that love you, whatever you think! We're only tryin' to figger for your own good.”}}

===Etymology 2===

====Conjunction====
{{en-con}}

# {{contraction of|en|than}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1865|author=Mark Twain|title=The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County|passage=The feller took the box again, and took another long, particular look, and give it back to Smiley, and says, very deliberate, "Well, I don't see no p'ints about that frog that's any better'''{{'}}n''' any other frog."}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1969|author=Anne Warner|title=Susan Clegg and her friend Mrs. Lathrop|page=87
|passage=She says you may laugh 'f you feel so inclined, but there ain't no such big difference between your leg 'n' a dead rat but what it 'll pay you to mark her words. She says 'f it don't do no more '''{{'}}n''' eat the skin off it 'll still be pretty hard for you to lay there without no skin 'n' feel the plaster goin' in more 'n' more.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2010|author=Arnan Heyden|title=Daughters of Agendale|page=228
|passage=What I can give ya is this bit o' knowledge: there be things in this world that no one can explain. There are things bigger '''{{'}}n''' mountains, bigger 'n oceans, bigger 'n fields an' night skies filled with stars, bigger 'n kings, or queens…}}

===Etymology 3===

====Conjunction====
{{en-con}}

# {{lb|en|archaic}} {{contraction of|en|when}} (As found in {{m|en|if'n}}.)

===Etymology 4===

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|colloquial}} {{alt form|en|'un||one, a thing}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2009|author=Mariella Glenn Hartsfield|title=Tall Betsy and Dunce Baby: South Georgia Folktales|page=104
|passage=The other said, "Alright, I'm gonna do it like this: you take this'''{{'}}n''', I'll take that'''{{'}}n'''; you take this'''{{'}}n''', I'll take that'''{{'}}n'''; {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2012|author=Liza Cody|title=Musclebound|page=15
|passage=Which really did turn into a headache when I woke up — a bad'''{{'}}n'''.}}

{{catlangname|en|clitics}}

==Afrikaans==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|af|nl|een|een, 'n}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|af|/ə/}}
* {{audio|af|LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-'n.wav}}

===Article===
{{head|af|article|indefinite}}

# {{lb|af|indefinite article}} {{l|en|a}}, {{l|en|an}}

====Usage notes====
* This word is not capitalized at the beginning of a sentence and the following word is capitalized instead.

==Asturian==

===Preposition===
{{head|ast|preposition}}

# {{lb|ast|obsolete}} {{contraction of|ast|en}}
#: {{ux|ast|Toi viviendo'''{{'}}n''' Cangues|I'm living '''in''' Cangues}}

====Usage notes====
While this contraction still reflects the elision that often occurs in ''en'' when it is between a word ending in a vowel and a word beginning in a consonant, this spelling was dropped by the Academy of the Asturian Language in 1990. Thus, the normative spelling of the above example is now ''Toi viviendo '''en''' Cangues''.

====See also====
* {{l|ast|n'}}
* {{l|ast|'l}}

==Bavarian==

===Etymology 1===
Merged unstressed form of {{l|bar|an}} and {{l|bar|en}} or {{l|bar|den}}.

====Article====
{{head|bar|article|g=m}}

# [[a]] {{q|accusative}}
# [[the]] {{q|accusative}}

=====See also=====
{{bar-decl-articles}}

===Etymology 2===
Unstressed form of {{l|bar|eam}}.

====Pronoun====
{{head|bar|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[him]]
# [[it]] {{q|dative}}

=====See also=====
{{bar-decl-personal_pronouns}}

==Catalan==

===Pronoun===
{{ca-ppron}}

# {{contraction of|ca|ne}}

====Usage notes====
* {{U:ca:pronouns|form=reduced}}

====Declension====
{{ca-decl-ppron}}

==Dutch==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ən/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-'n.ogg}}

===Article===
{{head|nl|article}}

# {{contraction of|nl|een}}

===Notes===
If ''{{'}}n'' begins a sentence, the first letter of the following word is capitalised instead.

==Franco-Provençal==

===Determiner===
{{head|frp|determiner form}}

# {{clipping|frp|un}}

==German==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|de|n||non-standard}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/n/|/ən/}}
* {{IPA|de|/m/|qq1=often before a labial|/ŋ/|qq2=often before a velar}}

===Etymology 1===
{{contraction of|de|ein}} Like virtually all traditional German dialects, colloquial standard German distinguishes the indefinite article from the numeral for "one". The specific form {{m|de||'n}} has spread from the North southward and is thus of chiefly {{der|de|nds|-}} origin. Most [[High German]] dialects use forms without the final ''-n'', such as {{IPAchar|[ə]}} or {{IPAchar|[a]}}, at least for the basic form (i.e. the masculine and neuter nominative). These pronunciations are sometimes heard in colloquial standard German as well, but {{m|de||'n}} is clearly the commonest form.

====Article====
{{head|de|article}}

# {{lb|de|colloquial}} {{alternative form of|de|ein||a, an}}
# {{lb|de|colloquial}} {{alternative form of|de|einen||a, an}}

=====Declension=====
* {{l|de|'nem}}
* {{l|de|'nen}}
* {{l|de|'ne}}
* {{l|de|'ner}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|de|so'n}}

===Etymology 2===
Contraction of {{m|de|denn}}.

====Adverb====
{{de-adv}}

# {{lb|de|colloquial}} short for {{m|de|denn}} (used for general emphasis)
#: {{ux|de|Wann wärst'''{{'}}n''' hier?|'''So''', when would you be here?}}

==Italian==

===Etymology 1===

====Preposition====
{{head|it|preposition}}

# {{lb|it|literary}} {{alternative form of|it|in}}
# {{lb|it|colloquial}} {{pronunciation spelling of|it|in}}

===Etymology 2===

====Article====
{{head|it|article|g=m}}

# {{lb|it|colloquial}} {{pronunciation spelling of|it|un}}

====Numeral====
{{head|it|numeral|g=m}}

# {{lb|it|colloquial}} {{pronunciation spelling of|it|un}}

===Etymology 3===

====Adverb====
{{it-adv}}

# {{lb|it|colloquial}} {{pronunciation spelling of|it|non}}

==Ligurian==

===Etymology===
Apheresis of {{m|lij|un||a, an|pos=article}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|lij|/ŋ/}} {{q|when followed by a consonant}}
* {{IPA|lij|/n/}} {{q|when followed by a vowel}}

===Article===
{{head|lij|article|g=m|feminine|[['na]], [['n']]}}

# [[a]], [[an]] {{q|male}}

==Low German==

===Article===
{{head|nds|article}}

# {{contraction of|nds|den}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|nds|pronoun}}

# {{contraction of|nds|en}}

==North Frisian==

===Pronoun===
{{head|frr|pronoun}}

# {{lb|frr|Föhr-Amrum|Mooring}} {{form of|frr|Reduced form|ham|t=him}}
# {{lb|frr|Sylt}} {{form of|frr|Reduced form|höm|t=him}}

===See also===
{{frr-Foehr-personal-pronouns}}
{{frr-Mooring-personal-pronouns}}
{{frr-Sylt-personal-pronouns}}

==Sicilian==

===Etymology===
Apheresis of {{m|scn|in}}, from {{inh|scn|la|in}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|scn|/ŋ/}} {{q|when followed by a consonant}}
* {{IPA|scn|/n/}} {{q|when followed by a vowel}}

===Preposition===
{{head|scn|preposition}}

# [[in]]

==Welsh==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/n/}}

===Etymology 1===

====Particle====
{{head|cy|particle}}

# {{alternative form of|cy|yn|nodot=yes}} {{qualifier|used after a vowel}}.
#: {{ux|cy|Mae hi'''{{'}}n''' darllen.|She is reading.|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|cy|Mae hi'''{{'}}n''' gysglyd.|She is sleepy.|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|cy|Mae hi'''{{'}}n''' ferch.|She is a girl.|inline=1}}

===Etymology 2===
{{contraction of|cy|ein||[[our]]}}

====Determiner====
{{head|cy|determiner|cat2=possessive determiners|triggers [[Appendix:Welsh mutations#H-prothesis|h-prothesis]] of a following vowel}}

# [[our]] {{qualifier|used after vowels}}.
#: {{ux|cy|Dyna'''{{'}}n''' harian ni.|That's '''our''' money.}}

====Pronoun====
{{head|cy|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns|triggers [[Appendix:Welsh mutations#H-prothesis|h-prothesis]] of a following vowel}}

# [[us]] {{qualifier|as the direct object of a verbal noun or verb}}
#: {{ux|cy|Mae e yma i'''{{'}}n''' harfarnu.|He's here to appraise '''us'''.}}
#: {{ux|cy|Fe'''{{'}}n''' magwyd yng ngefn gwlad.|'''We''' were brought up (lit. One brought '''us''' up) in the countryside.}}

====Usage notes====
* In formal Welsh, the contraction {{m|cy|'n}} is a valid form of {{m|cy|ein}} found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, {{m|cy|ein}} is often contracted to {{m|cy|'n}} after almost any vowel-final word.
* Pronomial {{m|cy|'n}} (and {{m|cy|ein}}) can occur before any verbal noun. Before verbal, pronomial {{m|cy|'n}} is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles, such as {{m|cy|fe}}, {{m|cy|a}}, {{m|cy|ni}}, {{m|cy|na}}, {{m|cy|oni}} and {{m|cy|pe}}.

===Further reading===
* {{R:cy:GPC}}

==Zealandic==

===Etymology===
An unstressed variety of {{m|zea|eên}}.

===Determiner===
{{head|zea|determiner}}

# [[a]] (indefinite article)