View source for osculum

==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Etymology===
From {{bor|en|la|ōsculum||little mouth}}.

===Noun===
{{en-noun|oscula}}

# {{lb|en|chiefly|zoology}} A small [[opening]] or [[orifice]]. {{defdate|from 18th c.}}
# {{lb|en|zoology|obsolete}} One of the [[sucker]]s on the [[head]] of a [[tapeworm]].
# {{lb|en|zoology}} The main opening in a [[sponge]] from which water is [[expel]]led.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1857|author=J. S. Bowerbank|chapter=On the Vital Powers of the Spongiadæ|title=Report of the 26th Meeting of the {{w|British Association for the Advancement of Science}}|publisher={{w|John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray}}|pageurl=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=zHHpwJA4JvsC&pg=PA444&dq=%22osculum%22%7C%22oscula%22&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj0y7b5ocz-AhU7BEQIHclwBP0Q6AF6BAhTEAI#v=onepage&q=%22osculum%22%7C%22oscula%22&f=false|page=444
|passage=I left them in that condition, and at 7 o'clock examined them again, when I found them still quiescent; but one of the two large groups of '''oscula''' and the new one were entirely closed, while the other '''osculum''' at the largest end of the sponge had opened to the extent of about one-third of its diameter, and the membrane presented the appearance of a series of lines or corrugations radiating from the centre to the circumference.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2012|author=w:Caspar Henderson|title=The Book of Barely Imagined Beings|year_published=2013|publisher=Granta Books|page=29
|passage=Waste water was expelled through a single '''osculum''' at about 8.5 cm per second – more than eight thousand times as fast as it circulated in the chambers and 85 times as fast as it entered the sponge in the first place.}}
#* '''2012''', Sally P. Lees, April Hill, ''The Physiology and Molecular Biology of Sponge Tissues'', Mikel A. Becerro, Maria J. Uriz, Manuel Maldonado, Xavier Turon (editors), Michael Lesser (series editor), ''Advances in Marine Biology 62: Advances in Sponge Science'', Elsevier (Academic Press), [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=pCp4Q74rWY0C&pg=PA30&dq=%22osculum%22%7C%22oscula%22&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj0y7b5ocz-AhU7BEQIHclwBP0Q6AF6BAhiEAI#v=onepage&q=%22osculum%22%7C%22oscula%22&f=false page 30],
#*: '''Oscula''' are also thought to arise initially from a single [[porocyte]] (Weissenfels, 1980), but how they coordinate with other porocytes to form a larger '''osculum''' is still unclear.

====Derived terms====
* [[osculum infame]]

====Translations====
{{trans-top|main opening in a sponge}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|hylkyaukko}}
* French: {{t+|fr|oscule|m}}
* German: {{t|de|Osculum|n}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|óisín|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|osculo|m}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|oskulum|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|ósculo|m}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|оскулум|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|оскулум|m|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t|sh|oskulum|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|ósculo|m}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|оскулюм|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=clmosuu|lucumos|musculo-}}

==Latin==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|la|ausculum}} (hypercorrect)

===Etymology===
From {{affix|la|ōs|gloss1=mouth|-culus|alt2=-culum|pos2=diminutive suffix}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{la-IPA|ōsculum}}

===Noun===
{{la-noun|ōsculum<2>}}

# a [[kiss]]
#* {{Q|la|Ovid|Fasti|3|509|quote=occupat amplexū lacrimāsque per '''ōscula''' siccat|trans=''He holds her in loving embraces, and her tears he dries through '''kisses'''.''<br/>({{w|Ariadne}} and her husband {{w|Dionysus}} reconcile following his infidelity to her.)}}
# a little [[mouth]]
# {{lb|la|New Latin}} a small [[orifice]]

====Declension====
{{la-ndecl|ōsculum<2>}}

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|kiss}} {{l|la|bāsium}} {{g|n}}, {{l|la|suāvium}} {{g|n}}

====Descendants====
* {{descendant|en|osculum|bor=1}}
* {{descendant|fr|oscule|bor=1}}
* {{descendant|it|osculo|bor=1}}
* {{descendant|ro|uști}}
* {{descendant|pt|ósculo|bor=1}}
* {{descendant|es|ósculo|bor=1}}

====See also====
* {{l|la|ōs}}

===References===
* {{R:L&S}}
* {{R:Elementary Lewis}}
* {{R:du Cange}}
* {{R:Gaffiot}}