βαθύς
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Ancient Greek
Etymology
Zero-grade of the root of βένθος (bénthos), of uncertain origin.[1] Alternatively from earlier *βαφύς (*baphús), related to Sanskrit गभीर (gabhīrá, “deep”).[2] Or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂dʰ- (“to sink, submerge”).(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Unrelated to βυσσός (bussós) and βυθός (buthós); also unrelated to English bath.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ba.tʰýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /baˈtʰys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βaˈθys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vaˈθys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vaˈθis/
Adjective
βᾰθῠ́ς • (bathús) m (feminine βᾰθεῖᾰ, neuter βᾰθῠ́); first/third declension
- being a large vertical distance from: high, deep
- thick
- (generally) strong, intense, full
- profound
- (of colour) deep
- (time) twilight
Declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς bathús |
βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθεῖς batheîs |
βᾰθεῖαι batheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Genitive | βᾰθέος bathéos |
βᾰθείᾱς batheíās |
βᾰθέος bathéos |
βᾰθέοιν bathéoin |
βᾰθείαιν batheíain |
βᾰθέοιν bathéoin |
βᾰθέων bathéōn |
βᾰθειῶν batheiôn |
βᾰθέων bathéōn | |||||
Dative | βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθείᾳ batheíāi |
βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθέοιν bathéoin |
βᾰθείαιν batheíain |
βᾰθέοιν bathéoin |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) |
βᾰθείαις batheíais |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) | |||||
Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν bathún |
βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθεῖς batheîs |
βᾰθείᾱς batheíās |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθεῖς batheîs |
βᾰθεῖαι batheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
βᾰθέως bathéōs |
βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros |
βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς bathús |
βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθέες bathées |
βᾰθεῖαι batheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Genitive | βᾰθέος bathéos |
βᾰθείης batheíēs |
βᾰθέος bathéos |
βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin |
βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin |
βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin |
βᾰθέων bathéōn |
βᾰθειᾱ́ων / βᾰθειέ͜ων / βᾰθειῶν batheiā́ōn / batheié͜ōn / batheiôn |
βᾰθέων bathéōn | |||||
Dative | βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθείῃ batheíēi |
βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin |
βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin |
βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin |
βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n) |
βᾰθείῃσῐ / βᾰθείῃσῐν / βᾰθείῃς / βᾰθείαις batheíēisi(n) / batheíēis / batheíais |
βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n) | |||||
Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν bathún |
βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθέᾰς bathéas |
βᾰθείᾱς batheíās |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa |
βᾰθῠ́ bathú |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθείᾱ batheíā |
βᾰθέε bathée |
βᾰθέες bathées |
βᾰθεῖαι batheîai |
βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
βᾰθέως bathéōs |
βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros |
βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
Nominative | βαθύς bathús |
βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθέοι / βαθιοί bathéoi / bathioí |
βαθέαι / βαθεῖες / βαθειές / βαθιές bathéai / batheîes / batheiés / bathiés |
βαθέα / βαθεά / βαθία / βαθιά bathéa / batheá / bathía / bathiá | ||
Genitive | βαθέου / βαθιοῦ / βαθύ / βαθή bathéou / bathioû / bathú / bathḗ |
*βαθείας / βαθέας / βαθειᾶς / βαθιᾶς *batheías / bathéas / batheiâs / bathiâs |
βαθέου / βαθίου / βαθιοῦ / βαθύ bathéou / bathíou / bathioû / bathú |
βαθέων / βαθίων / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / bathíōn / *bathiôn |
βαθέων / *βαθειῶν / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / *batheiôn / *bathiôn |
βαθέων / βαθίων / *βαθιῶν bathéōn / bathíōn / *bathiôn | ||
Dative | βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθείᾳ batheíāi |
βᾰθεῖ batheî |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) |
βᾰθείαις batheíais |
βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) | ||
Accusative | βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθείαν / βαθέαν / βαθειάν / βαθιάν / βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά batheían / bathéan / batheián / bathián / batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν / βαθέον bathú / bathún / bathéon |
βαθέους / βαθίους / βαθιούς / βαθειούς bathéous / bathíous / bathioús / batheioús |
βαθέας / βαθείας / βαθεῖες / βαθειές / βαθιές bathéas / batheías / batheîes / batheiés / bathiés |
βαθέα / *βαθεά / βαθία / βαθιά bathéa / *batheá / bathía / bathiá | ||
Vocative | βαθύ bathú |
*βαθεία / βαθέα / βαθειά / βαθιά *batheía / bathéa / batheiá / bathiá |
βαθύ / βαθύν bathú / bathún |
βαθέοι / *βαθιοί bathéoi / *bathioí |
*βαθεῖες / *βαθειές *batheîes / *batheiés |
*βαθέα / *βαθεά / *βαθία / *βαθιά *bathéa / *batheá / *bathía / *bathiá |
Derived terms
- βαθυδῑ́νης (bathudī́nēs)
- Βαθυκλῆς (Bathuklês)
- βαθύκολπος (bathúkolpos)
- βᾰθῠπόλεμος (bathupólemos)
- βαθύρροος (bathúrrhoos)
Related terms
- βάθος (báthos)
Descendants
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βαθύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “gabhīrá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University: “seems rather far-fetched, but may be correct”
Further reading
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βαθύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βαθύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “βαθύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G901 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).
Adjective
βαθύς • (vathýs) m (feminine βαθιά, neuter βαθύ)
- deep (downward or sometimes inward)
- Antonym: ρηχός (richós)
- (figuratively) deep, dark (of shades and colours)
- βαθύ μπλε ― vathý ble ― deep blue
- (figuratively) profound, deep
Declension
Declension of βαθύς
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | βαθύς • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιοί • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
genitive | βαθιού • / βαθύ • | βαθιάς • | βαθιού • / βαθύ • | βαθιών • | βαθιών • | βαθιών • |
accusative | βαθύ • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιούς • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
vocative | βαθύ • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιοί • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βαθύς, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βαθύς, etc.) |
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
comparative | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | βαθύτερος • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτεροι • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
genitive | βαθύτερου • | βαθύτερης • | βαθύτερου • | βαθύτερων • | βαθύτερων • | βαθύτερων • |
accusative | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτερους • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
vocative | βαθύτερε • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτεροι • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βαθύτερος", etc) | |||||
Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | βαθύτατος • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατοι • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
genitive | βαθύτατου • | βαθύτατης • | βαθύτατου • | βαθύτατων • | βαθύτατων • | βαθύτατων • |
accusative | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατους • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
vocative | βαθύτατε • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατοι • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
Related terms
- compare with: βάθος (váthos, “depth”, noun)
Further reading
- βαθύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
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- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
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