πενία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From πένης (pénēs, “poor”) or πενέω (penéō, “to be poor”) +‎ -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pe.ní.aː/ → /peˈni.a/ → /peˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pe.ní.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /peˈni.a/

Noun

πενῐ́ᾱ • (peníā) f (genitive πενῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. poverty, indigence, beggary

   Antonyms: περῐουσῐ́ᾱ (periousíā), πλοῦτος (ploûtos)

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ; τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πενῐ́ᾱ hē peníā	τὼ πενῐ́ᾱ tṑ peníā	αἱ πενῐ́αι hai peníai
Genitive	τῆς πενῐ́ᾱς tês peníās	τοῖν πενῐ́αιν toîn peníain	τῶν πενῐῶν tôn peniôn
Dative	τῇ πενῐ́ᾳ têi peníāi	τοῖν πενῐ́αιν toîn peníain	ταῖς πενῐ́αις taîs peníais
Accusative	τὴν πενῐ́ᾱν tḕn peníān	τὼ πενῐ́ᾱ tṑ peníā	τᾱ̀ς πενῐ́ᾱς tā̀s peníās
Vocative	πενῐ́ᾱ peníā	πενῐ́ᾱ peníā	πενῐ́αι peníai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “πενία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πενία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πενία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • beggary idem, page 70.
  • indigence idem, page 433.
  • narrow idem, page 551.
  • need idem, page 554.
  • neediness idem, page 554.
  • penury idem, page 604.
  • poverty idem, page 630.
  • want idem, page 961.