五十

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Chinese

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five ten
simp. and trad.
(五十)
alternative forms 伍拾 financial
anagram 十五
Chinese cardinal numbers
 <  49 50 51  > 
    Cardinal : 五十 (wǔshí)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (31) (25)
Final () (23) (141)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter nguX dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋuoX/ /d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋuoX/ /d͡ʑip̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋoX/ /d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɔX/ /d͡ʑip̚/
Li
Rong
/ŋoX/ /ʑiəp̚/
Wang
Li
/ŋuX/ /ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋuoX/ /ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ng5 sap6

Numeral

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五十

  1. fifty; 50

Synonyms

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  • (chiefly years of age) 半百 (bànbǎi)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (五十):
  • Japanese: 五十(ごじゅう) (gojū)
  • Korean: 오십(五十) (osip)

Japanese

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Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  49 50 51  > 
    Cardinal : 五十

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
じゅう
Grade: 1
goon

/ɡoʑipu//ɡoʑifu//ɡoʑɨu//ɡoʑuː/

From Middle Chinese compound 五十 (MC nguX dzyip).

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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()(じゅう) (gojūごじふ (gozifu)?

  1. fifty, 50
Derived terms
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Proverbs
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Noun

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()(じゅう) (gojūごじふ (gozifu)?

  1. a fifty-year-old

Proper noun

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()(じゅう) (Gojūごじふ (Gozifu)?

  1. Short for 五十蔵 (Gojūzō): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

⟨i so1 → */isʷo//iso/

Compound of Old Japanese elements () (i, five, combining form) + () (so, ten).

Numeral

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()() (iso

  1. fifty, 50
    • 10th century, Kokin Waka Rokujō (book 1, volume 2, poem 725)
      (いは)(うへ)(まつ)(こすゑ)()(ゆき)いそかへり()(のち)までも()
      iwa no ue ni matsu no kozue ni furu yuku wa isokaeri fure nochi made mo min
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms
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Noun

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()() (iso

  1. (by extension) a large quantity
Derived terms
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Proper noun

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()() (Iso

  1. a surname

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
いそじ
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Compound of 五十(いそ) (iso, fifty, see above) + () (-chi, "road" → counter for length of time). The chi changes to ji (historical di) as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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五十(いそじ) (isojiいそぢ (isodi)?

  1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): fifty, 50

Noun

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五十(いそじ) (isojiいそぢ (isodi)?

  1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): a fifty-year-old; the fiftieth year

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Shift from iso (see above), used in many compounds.

Already attested in Old Japanese as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨i⟩.

Numeral

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五十() (i

  1. Combining form of いそ (iso) above: fifty, 50
Derived terms
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Noun

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五十() (i

  1. (by extension) Combining form of いそ (iso) above: a large quantity
Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Anagrams

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Korean

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Hanja in this term

Numeral

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五十 (osip) (hangeul 오십)

  1. hanja form? of 오십 (fifty)