住

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 往 and 隹
住 U+4F4F, 住
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F4F
← 低
[U+4F4E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佐 →
[U+4F50]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
Chinese

Japanese

Japanese (variant)

Han character

[edit]

住 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜土 (OYG), four-corner 20214, composition ⿰亻主)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 505
  • Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+4F4F

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 住

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (主) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
飳 *tʰoːʔ
妵 *tʰoːʔ
黈 *tʰoːʔ
蘣 *tʰoːʔ
罜 *doːɡ, *tjos
拄 *toʔ
柱 *toʔ, *doʔ
駐 *tos
註 *tos, *tjos
鉒 *tos
軴 *tos
住 *tos, *dos
跓 *doʔ
嵀 *doʔ
主 *tjoʔ
麈 *tjoʔ
宔 *tjoʔ
炷 *tjoʔ, *tjos
注 *tjos
疰 *tjos
蛀 *tjos
霔 *tjos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tos, *dos) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-duŋ/k ~ m-tuŋ/k (“to sit”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note:
  • cê̤ṳ - literary;
  • dêu - vernacular.
Note:
  • chū - literary;
  • tiū - vernacular.
Note:
  • zu6 - literary;
  • diu7 - vernacular.
Note:
  • jy4 - literary;
  • jy5 - vernacular.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 住
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
    Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
    /t͡su⁵³/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
    Qingdao /tʃu⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂu³¹²/
    Xi'an /p͡fu⁴⁴/
    Xining /ʈ͡ʂv̩²¹³/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
    Lanzhou /p͡fu¹³/
    Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕy³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡su¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡su²¹³/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂu²¹²/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡su⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡sz̩ʷ³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡su⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
    Suzhou /zz̩ʷ³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/
    Wenzhou /d͡zz̩²²/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰy²²/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰy¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
    /t͡ɕy¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡ʑy²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰy²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰu⁵³/
    Taoyuan /tʃʰu⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sy²²/
    Nanning /t͡sy²²/
    Hong Kong /t͡sy²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡su²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tiɛu²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tiu⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /t͡su³⁵/
    /tiu³¹/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /tu³⁵/
    /ʔdiu²³/
    Rime
    Character 住 住
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 知 (9)
    Final (韻) 虞 (24) 虞 (24)
    Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed
    Division (等) III III
    Fanqie 持遇切 中句切
    Baxter drjuH trjuH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɖɨoH/ /ʈɨoH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɖioH/ /ʈioH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ȡioH/ /ȶioH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɖuə̆H/ /ʈuə̆H/
    Li
    Rong         		/ȡioH/ /ȶioH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ȡĭuH/ /ȶĭuH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ȡʱi̯uH/ /ȶi̯uH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhù zhù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zyu6 zyu3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 住
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ drjuH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*dro(ʔ)-s/
    English stop (v.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 住 住
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 17613 17617
    Phonetic
    component         		主 主
    Rime
    group         		侯 侯
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		註 住
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tos/ /*dos/

    Definitions

    [edit]

    住

    1. to live; to dwell; to reside
      我住喺香港。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      ngo5 zyu6 hai2 hoeng1 gong2. [Jyutping]
      I live in Hong Kong.
    2. to stay
      讓愛住我家 [MSC, trad.]
      让爱住我家 [MSC, simp.]
      From: 赵明, 《让爱住我家》
      Ràng ài zhù wǒ jiā [Pinyin]
      Let love stay at/fill our home
    3. to stop; to cease
    4. Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt.
    5. (Cantonese) Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status.
      戴住眼鏡／戴住眼镜 [Cantonese]  ―  daai3 zyu6 ngaan5 geng3 [Jyutping]  ―  wearing glasses
      唔好去住先。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      m4 hou2 heoi3 zyu6 sin1. [Jyutping]
      (For now) don't go.

    Synonyms

    [edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 住 (“to live; to reside; to stay”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 住, 居住
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 住
    Taiwan 住
    Malaysia 住
    Singapore 住
    Cantonese Guangzhou 住
    Hong Kong 住
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 住
    Singapore (Guangfu) 住
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 住
    Hakka Meixian 住
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 歇, 蹛
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 歇, 蹛
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 蹛
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 蹛, 歇
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 蹛
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蹛
    Hong Kong 住
    Kuching (Hepo) 歇
    Southern Min Xiamen 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤, 壏
    Quanzhou 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤, 壏
    Zhangzhou 徛, 蹛, 徛起, 徛跤
    Dongshan 蹛
    Tainan 蹛, 徛起
    Penang (Hokkien) 蹛
    Singapore (Hokkien) 徛, 蹛
    Manila (Hokkien) 徛, 徛起
    Chaozhou 徛
    Shantou 徛起, 住
    Jieyang 徛起, 徛, 住
    Bangkok (Teochew) 徛
    Singapore (Teochew) 徛, 蹛
    Leizhou 徛
    Wenchang 徛
    Haikou 徛
    Qionghai 徛
    Singapore (Hainanese) 徛
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 住
    Wu Shanghai 住
    Suzhou 住
    Hangzhou (Yuhang) 蹲

    See also

    [edit]

    (Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status):

    (Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt):

    • (Hokkien) 牢 (tiâu)

    Compounds

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]

    Japanese

    [edit]
    Shinjitai 住
    Kyūjitai
    [1][2][3]
    住󠄁
    住+&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    住󠄃
    住+&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji

    [edit]
    住

    (Third grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. dwelling, reside

    Readings

    [edit]

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    住
    じゅう
    Grade: 3
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 住 (MC drjuH).

    The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    住(じゅう) • (jū) ←ぢゆう (dyuu)?

    1. the act of dwelling, residing, living in a place
    2. abode, residence
      Synonyms: 住まい (sumai), 住居 (jūkyo)

    Suffix

    [edit]

    住(じゅう) • (-jū) ←ぢゆう (-dyuu)?

    1. added after a placename to indicate where someone lives

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    住
    す(まい)
    Grade: 3
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spellings
    住居
    住い (uncommon)
    For pronunciation and definitions of 住 – see the following entry.
    【住すまい】
    [noun] [from 970s] residence, dwelling, one's shelter
    [noun] [from 970s] life, habitation, the act of living in a place
    Alternative spellings
    住居, 住い
    (This term, 住, is an alternative spelling (less common) of the above term.)

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “住”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
    2. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 136 (paper), page 118 (digital)
    3. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 110 (paper), page 67 (digital)
    4. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    5. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Korean

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese 住 (MC drjuH|trjuH).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Hanja

    [edit]
    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    住 (eumhun 살 주 (sal ju))

    1. hanja form? of 주 (“to reside”)
    2. hanja form? of 주 (“to stay at”)
    3. hanja form? of 주 (“to stop”)
    4. hanja form? of 주 (“to pick up, to raise”)
    5. hanja form? of 주 (“whereabouts, house”)
    6. hanja form? of 주 (“resident”)

    Compounds

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]

    Vietnamese

    [edit]

    Han character

    [edit]

    住: Hán Nôm readings: trú, trọ, giọ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

    [edit]
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=住&oldid=81002293"