放火
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]to release; to free; to let go to release; to free; to let go; to put; to place; to let out |
fire; angry; fierce fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (放火) | 放 | 火 | |
simp. #(放火) | 放 | 火 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fànghuǒ
- Wade–Giles: fang4-huo3
- Yale: fàng-hwǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanqhuoo
- Palladius: фанхо (fanxo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɑŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: fong3 fo2
- Yale: fong fó
- Cantonese Pinyin: fong3 fo2
- Guangdong Romanization: fong3 fo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɔːŋ³³ fɔː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piong-fó
- Hakka Romanization System: biong foˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: biong4 fo3
- Sinological IPA: /pi̯oŋ⁵⁵ fo³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-hé
- Tâi-lô: pàng-hé
- Phofsit Daibuun: parnghea
- IPA (Taipei): /paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ he⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pàng-hóe
- Tâi-lô: pàng-hué
- Phofsit Daibuun: parnghoea
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hue⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bang3 huê2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pàng hué
- Sinological IPA (key): /paŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue⁵²⁻²¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
Verb
[edit]放⫽火 (verb-object)
- (intransitive) to set on fire, specifically to commit arson
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 放火 (“to set on fire; to commit arson”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 放火, 縱火 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 放火 |
Singapore | 放火 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 放火 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 放火 |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 放火 |
Gan | Nanchang | 放火 |
Lichuan | 放火 | |
Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 放火 |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 放火 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 放火 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 放火 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 放火 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 放火 |
Derived terms
[edit]- 一頭放火,一頭放水/一头放火,一头放水
- 只許州官放火,不許百姓點燈/只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯 (zhǐ xǔ zhōuguān fànghuǒ, bùxǔ bǎixìng diǎndēng)
- 州官放火 (zhōuguānfànghuǒ)
- 放火犯 (fànghuǒfàn)
- 殺人放火/杀人放火 (shārénfànghuǒ)
Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
放 | 火 |
ほう Grade: 3 |
か Grade: 1 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese compound 放火 (MC pjangH xwaX, “let loose” + “fire”). Compare modern Chinese 放火 (fànghuǒ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- arson, setting fire to something
Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]放火する • (hōka suru) ←はうくわ (faukwa)?intransitive suru (stem 放火し (hōka shi), past 放火した (hōka shita))
- to set fire to something
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "放火する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 放火し | ほうかし | hōka shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 放火し | ほうかし | hōka shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 放火する | ほうかする | hōka suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 放火する | ほうかする | hōka suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 放火すれ | ほうかすれ | hōka sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 放火せよ¹ 放火しろ² |
ほうかせよ¹ ほうかしろ² |
hōka seyo¹ hōka shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 放火される | ほうかされる | hōka sareru | |
Causative | 放火させる 放火さす |
ほうかさせる ほうかさす |
hōka saseru hōka sasu | |
Potential | 放火できる | ほうかできる | hōka dekiru | |
Volitional | 放火しよう | ほうかしよう | hōka shiyō | |
Negative | 放火しない | ほうかしない | hōka shinai | |
Negative continuative | 放火せず | ほうかせず | hōka sezu | |
Formal | 放火します | ほうかします | hōka shimasu | |
Perfective | 放火した | ほうかした | hōka shita | |
Conjunctive | 放火して | ほうかして | hōka shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 放火すれば | ほうかすれば | hōka sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
放 | 火 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
放 | 火 |
Verb
[edit]放火
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 放
- Chinese terms spelled with 火
- Chinese intransitive verbs
- zh:Fire
- Japanese terms spelled with 放 read as ほう
- Japanese terms spelled with 火 read as か
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Korean lemmas
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- Korean nouns in Han script
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