舌

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See also: 吉, 告, and 吿
舌 U+820C, 舌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-820C
← 舋
[U+820B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舍 →
[U+820D]
⾆ U+2F86, ⾆
KANGXI RADICAL TONGUE
← ⾅
[U+2F85] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾇ →
[U+2F87]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Alternative forms

[edit]

Han character

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See images of
Radical 135 舌

舌 (Kangxi radical 135, 舌+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹十口 (HJR), four-corner 20604, composition ⿱千口(GJKV) or ⿱干口(HT))

  1. Kangxi radical #135, ⾆.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №46

Derived characters

[edit]

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1006, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30277
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1463, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2941, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+820C

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 舌
simp. # 舌

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 舌
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (舌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
絬 *sled
舌 *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed

Pictogram (象形) – a forked tongue emerging upwards from a mouth (口). See also 言 and 音. Unrelated to 舍, in which it represents a hut.

Etymology 1

[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-l(j)a-t (“tongue”); compare Western Magar मेलेट (melet, “tongue”), Jingpho shinglet (“tongue”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2009). The reconstruction of a complex initial *m(ə)-l- in Old Chinese is based on evidence from the softened initial in Proto-Min as well as Proto-Hmong-Mien *mblet (“tongue”) (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007), reconstructing the Old Chinese minimally as *m-lat, derives it from 舐 (OC *m-leʔ, “to lick”) + *-t (“nominal suffix for natural objects”), literally “licker”.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chi̍h - vernacular;
  • sia̍t - literary.
Rime
Character 舌
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 船 (27)
Final (韻) 薛 (81)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 食列切
Baxter zyet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʑiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʑiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʑjæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʑiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ʑiɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ʑĭɛt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡ʑʰi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sit6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 舌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shé
Middle
Chinese 		‹ zyet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mə.lat/
English tongue

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 舌
Reading # 2/2
No. 11220
Phonetic
component 		舌
Rime
group 		月
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		舌
Old
Chinese 		/*ɦbljed/

Definitions

[edit]

舌

  1. (anatomy) tongue
  2. tongue-shaped object
  3. clapper of a bell
  4. (Hokkien, figurative) speech; speaking (used in certain expressions)
  5. a surname
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 舌頭 (“tongue”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 舌
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 舌頭, 舌
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 舌頭
Taiwan 舌頭
Langfang 舌頭
Chengde 舌頭
Ulanhot 舌頭
Tongliao 舌頭
Chifeng 舌頭
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 舌頭
Heihe 舌頭
Qiqihar 舌頭
Harbin 舌頭
Jiamusi 舌頭
Baicheng 舌頭
Changchun 舌頭
Tonghua 舌頭
Shenyang 舌頭
Jinzhou 舌頭
Malaysia 舌頭
Singapore 舌頭
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 舌頭
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 舌頭
Tangshan 舌頭
Cangzhou 舌頭
Baoding 舌頭
Shijiazhuang 舌頭
Lijin 舌頭
Jinan 舌頭
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 舌頭
Dandong 舌頭
Yantai 舌頭
Yantai (Muping) 舌頭
Qingdao 舌頭
Zhucheng 舌頭
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 舌頭
Lingbao 舌頭
Jining 舌頭
Daming 舌頭
Wanrong 舌頭
Linfen 舌頭
Shangqiu 舌頭
Yuanyang 舌頭
Zhengzhou 舌頭
Kaifeng 舌頭
Xinyang 舌頭
Baihe 舌頭
Xi'an 舌頭
Baoji 舌頭
Tianshui 舌頭
Xining 舌頭, 舌
Xuzhou 舌頭
Fuyang 舌頭
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 舌頭
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 舌頭
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 舌頭
Bayanhot 舌頭
Lanzhou 舌頭
Dunhuang 舌頭
Hami 舌頭
Ürümqi 舌頭
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 舌頭兒
Nanchong 舌頭
Dazhou 舌頭
Hanyuan 舌頭兒
Xichang 舌頭
Zigong 舌頭
Chongqing 舌頭兒
Wuhan 舌頭, 賺頭
Yichang 舌頭, 賺頭
Xiangyang 舌頭
Tianmen 舌頭
Guiyang 舌頭
Zunyi 舌頭, 舌條兒
Bijie 舌頭
Liping 舌頭, 舌條
Zhaotong 舌頭
Dali 舌頭
Kunming 舌頭
Mengzi 舌頭
Guilin 舌頭
Guilin (Lingui) 舌頭
Liuzhou 脷錢
Liuzhou (Luorong) 舌頭
Nanning (Wuming) 脷錢, 脷
Jishou 舌頭兒
Changde 舌子
Yongzhou 舌頭
Hanzhong 舌頭
Kokang 舌頭
Dagudi (Maliba) 舌頭
Reshuitang (Longling) 舌頭
Mae Salong (Lancang) 舌頭
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 舌頭
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 舌頭
Yangzhou 舌頭
Lianyungang 舌頭
Lianshui 舌頭
Xinghua 舌頭
Nantong 舌頭
Anqing 舌條
Wuhu 舌條
Hefei 舌頭
Huanggang 舌頭
Hong'an 舌頭, 賺頭
Mandarin Nanping (Yanping) 舌頭
Cantonese Guangzhou 脷
Hong Kong 脷
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 脷
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 脷
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 脷
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 脷
Macau 脷
Guangzhou (Panyu) 脷
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 脷
Guangzhou (Conghua) 脷
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 脷
Foshan 脷
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 脷
Foshan (Shunde) 脷
Foshan (Sanshui) 脷
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 脷
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 脷
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 脷
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 脷
Zhuhai (Doumen) 脷
Jiangmen (Baisha) 脷
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 脷
Taishan 脷
Kaiping (Chikan) 脷
Enping (Niujiang) 脷
Heshan (Yayao) 脷
Dongguan 脷
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 脷
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 脷
Qingyuan 脷
Fogang 脷
Yingde (Hanguang) 脷
Yangshan 脷
Lianshan (Butian) 脷
Shaoguan 脷
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 脷
Renhua 脷, 舌頭
Lechang 脷
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 脷
Sihui 脷
Guangning 脷, 舌
Deqing 脷
Huaiji 舌, 脷
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 舌頭, 舌, 舌脷
Yunfu 脷
Xinxing 脷
Luoding 脷, 脷頭
Yunan (Pingtai) 脷頭
Yangjiang 脷
Xinyi 脷
Maoming (Xinpo) 脷
Lianjiang 脷
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 脷
Nanning 脷錢, 脷
Nanning (Tanka) 脷錢
Wuzhou 脷
Yulin 脷錢
Hepu (Lianzhou) 脷錢, 舌頭
Hepu (Shatian) 脷頭, 舌頭
Guiping 脷錢
Guiping (Mule) 舌頭
Pingnan 脷
Mengshan (Xihe) 舌
Guigang (Gangcheng) 脷
Guigang (Nanjiang) 脷
Guigang (Pingdong) 脷
Beiliu (Tangliao) 脷錢
Baise 脷錢
Bobai 脷錢
Lingshan 脷
Pubei 脷錢
Qinzhou 脷錢
Beihai 脷錢, 脷, 舌頭
Beihai (Nankang) 舌頭
Beihai (Yingpan) 舌頭
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 脷
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 脷
Ningming 脷錢
Hengzhou 脷
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 舌頭
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 脷
Danzhou 舌頭臉
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 脷
Singapore (Guangfu) 脷
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 脷
Móng Cái 脷
Yangon (Taishan) 脷
Mandalay (Taishan) 脷
Bangkok (Guangfu) 脷
Gan Nanchang 舌頭
Lichuan 舌
Pingxiang 舌頭, 舌子
Hakka Meixian 舌嫲
Xingning 舌嫲
Dabu (Xihe) 舌嫲
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 脷
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 脷
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 脷
Huiyang 舌嫲
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 脷頭
Huidong (Daling) 舌嫲
Dongguan (Qingxi) 舌嫲
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 脷
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 脷
Boluo (Bendihua) 脷, 脷伊
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 舌嫲
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 舌嫲
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 舌嫲
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 舌嫲
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 舌嫲
Wuhua (Huacheng) 舌嫲
Wuhua (Changbu) 舌嫲
Wuhua (Mianyang) 舌嫲
Heyuan (Bendihua) 脷
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 舌嫲
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 脷勢, 舌頭, 舌嫲
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 脷頭
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 脷, 脷頭
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 脷
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 舌嫲, 舌脷
Nanxiong (Zhuji) 舌頭
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 舌頭
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 舌脷
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 舌脷
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 舌嫲
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 舌嫲
Jiexi 舌嫲
Luhe 舌嫲
Changting 舌頭
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 舌嫲, 舌子
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 舌頭
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 舌嫲
Wuping 舌嫲
Wuping (Pingyu) 舌嫲
Liancheng 舌頭
Liancheng (Peitian) 口舌
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 舌
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 舌頭
Ninghua 舌頭
Yudu 舌頭, 舌刁
Ruijin 舌頭
Shicheng 舌咀
Shangyou (Shexi) 舌刁
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 舌嫲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 舌嫲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 舌嫲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 舌嫲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 舌嫲
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 舌
Hong Kong 舌嫲
Luchuan (Daqiao) 脷錢
Bobai (Shahe) 脷錢
Beiliu (Tang'an) 舌嫲頭
Mashan (Pianlian) 舌嫲
Sabah (Longchuan) 舌嫲
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 舌嫲
Senai (Huiyang) 舌嫲
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 舌嫲
Singkawang 舌嫲
Singapore (Meixian) 舌嫲
Singapore (Dabu) 舌嫲
Bangkok (Meixian) 舌嫲
Bangkok (Fengshun) 舌嫲
Bangkok (Jiexi) 舌嫲
Huizhou Jixi 口舌
Shexian 口舌, 嘴舌
Huangshan (Tunxi) 舌兒
Xiuning 舌兒
Yixian 舌
Qimen 舌條
Wuyuan 舌頭
Fuliang 舌條
Dexing 舌頭
Shitai (Xianyu) 舌條
Jin Taiyuan 舌頭
Pingyao 舌頭
Yangyuan 舌頭
Datong 舌頭
Xinzhou 舌頭
Lüliang (Lishi) 舌頭
Changzhi 舌頭
Taibus (Baochang) 舌頭
Linhe 舌頭
Jining 舌頭
Hohhot 舌頭
Baotou 舌頭
Dongsheng 舌頭
Haibowan 舌頭
Erenhot 舌頭
Pingshan 舌頭
Zhangjiakou 舌頭
Handan 舌頭
Linzhou 舌頭
Suide 舌頭
Northern Min Jian'ou 舌
Jian'ou (Dikou) 喙舌
Zhenghe 舌
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 喙舌
Wuyishan 舌
Pucheng (Shibei) 舌
Eastern Min Fuzhou 喙舌
Fuzhou (Changle) 喙舌
Fuqing 喙舌
Yongtai 喙舌
Gutian 喙舌
Fu'an 喙舌
Ningde 喙舌
Shouning 喙舌
Zhouning 喙舌
Fuding 喙舌
Matsu 抹老, 舌, 喙舌
Southern Min Xiamen 舌仔
Quanzhou 舌仔
Anxi 喙舌
Yongchun 喙舌
Zhangzhou 舌仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 舌仔
Zhao'an 舌
Dongshan 舌
Taipei 喙舌
New Taipei (Sanxia) 喙舌
Kaohsiung 舌
Yilan 舌, 喙舌
Changhua (Lukang) 舌
Taichung 喙舌
Taichung (Wuqi) 喙舌
Tainan 舌
Taitung 喙舌
Hsinchu 喙舌
Kinmen 舌
Penghu (Magong) 舌
Penang (Hokkien) 舌
Singapore (Hokkien) 舌
Manila (Hokkien) 舌仔
Longyan 舌仔
Zhangping 舌
Zhangping (Yongfu) 舌
Datian 舌頭
Pingnan (Shangdu) 舌頭
Chaozhou 舌
Shantou 舌
Shantou (Chenghai) 舌
Jieyang 舌, 舌囝
Haifeng 舌
Bangkok (Teochew) 舌
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 舌
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 舌
Singapore (Teochew) 舌
Leizhou 舌
Wenchang 舌
Haikou 舌
Tunchang 舌
Singapore (Hainanese) 舌
Puxian Min Putian 喙舌
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 喙舌
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 喙舌
Xianyou 喙舌
Xianyou (Fengting) 喙舌
Xianyou (Youyang) 喙舌
Central Min Yong'an 舌
Sanming (Shaxian) 舌
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 脷
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 舌
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 脷錢
Nanning (Shajing) 脷錢
Binyang (Xinqiao) 脷錢
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 舌頭
Guilin (Chaoyang) 舌子
Guilin (Zhuyuan) 舌頭
Shehua Fu'an 舌
Fuding 嘴舌
Luoyuan 嘴舌
Sanming 舌
Shunchang 舌
Hua'an 舌
Guixi (Zhangping) 舌
Cangnan 舌
Jingning (Hexi) 舌
Lishui 舌
Longyou 舌
Chaozhou 舌
Fengshun 舌嫲
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 舌頭
Wu Shanghai 舌頭, 門腔 slang
Shanghai (Songjiang) 舌頭
Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) 舌頭
Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) 舌頭
Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) 舌頭
Shanghai (Chongming) 舌頭
Suzhou 舌頭
Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) 舌頭
Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) 舌頭
Wuxi 舌頭
Changshu 舌頭
Kunshan 舌頭
Jiaxing 舌頭
Changzhou 舌頭
Liyang 舌頭
Yixing 舌頭
Danyang 舌頭
Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) 舌頭
Jingjiang 舌頭
Jiangyin 舌頭
Huzhou (Shuanglin) 舌頭
Hangzhou 舌頭
Shaoxing 舌苔
Zhuji (Wangjiajing) 舌頭
Shengzhou (Chongren) 舌頭
Shengzhou (Taiping) 舌頭
Ningbo 舌頭
Yuyao 舌頭
Taizhou (Huangyan) 口舌
Wenzhou 口舌
Quzhou 舌頭
Jinhua 口舌
Yongkang 口舌
Xiang Changsha 舌子
Loudi 舌子
Shuangfeng 舌子
Hengyang 舌子
Quanzhou 舌子
Guanyang (Wenshi) 舌子

Compounds

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *mblet

Etymology 2

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (桰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
咶 *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd
話 *ɡroːds
刮 *kroːd
鴰 *kroːd, *koːd
趏 *kroːd, *kʰroːd
舌 *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed
姡 *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd
頢 *ɡroːd, *koːd
括 *koːd
活 *koːd, *ɡoːd
适 *koːd, *kʰoːd
栝 *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
佸 *koːd, *ɡoːd
髺 *koːd
聒 *koːd
銛 *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
葀 *koːd
懖 *koːd
筈 *koːd, *kʰoːd
萿 *koːd
蛞 *kʰoːd
闊 *kʰoːd
秳 *ɡoːd

Definitions

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 舌 – see 𠯑 (“to block the mouth”).
(This character is a variant form of 𠯑).

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. tongue
  2. reed of a woodwind (musical instrument)
  3. clapper of a bell

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: ぜち (zechi)、ぜつ (zetsu, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: せつ (setsu)
  • Kun: した (shita, 舌, Jōyō)

Compounds

[edit]
Compounds

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
舌
した
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *sita.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

舌(した) • (shita) 

  1. tongue
    Synonym: べろ (bero)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese 舌 (MC zyet).

Recorded as Middle Korean 쎠ᇙ〮 (Yale: ssyelq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 설 (sel) (Yale: sel) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

舌 (eumhun 혀 설 (hyeo seol))

  1. hanja form? of 설 (“tongue”)

Compounds

[edit]
Compounds

References

[edit]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Kunigami

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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舌(しちゃー) (shichā) 

  1. tongue

Miyako

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Kanji

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舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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舌(すだ) (suda) 

  1. tongue

Okinawan

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Kanji

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舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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舌(しちゃ) (shicha) 

  1. tongue

Vietnamese

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Han character

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舌: Hán Nôm readings: thiệt, thịt, thĩa, thễ, sễ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

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Kanji

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舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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舌(しぃたー) (sïtā) 

  1. tongue

Yonaguni

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Kanji

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舌

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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舌(った) (tta) 

  1. tongue
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