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齊

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 齐 and 斉
齊 U+9F4A, 齊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F4A
← 齉
[U+9F49] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 齋 →
[U+9F4B]
⿑ U+2FD1, ⿑
KANGXI RADICAL EVEN
← ⿐
[U+2FD0] 		Kangxi Radicals ⿒ →
[U+2FD2]

Translingual

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Stroke order
Traditional 齊
Shinjitai 斉
Simplified 齐

Han character

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See images of
Radical 210 齊

齊 (Kangxi radical 210, 齊+0, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜難 (YX), four-corner 00223, composition ⿳亠⿲刀丫⿸⿱丿𠄌㇏⿲丿二丨)

  1. Kangxi radical #210, ⿑.

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1531, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48560
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2068, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4783, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F4A

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 齊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (齊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
儕 *zriːl
麡 *zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl
齋 *ʔsriːl
穧 *ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls
擠 *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
躋 *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
齏 *ʔsliːl
齎 *ʔsliːl, *ʔslil
櫅 *ʔsliːl
齌 *ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls
隮 *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
賷 *ʔsliːl
虀 *ʔsliːl
濟 *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls
癠 *ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls
霽 *ʔsliːls
齊 *zliːl, *zliːls
臍 *zliːl
蠐 *zliːl, *zlil
懠 *zliːl, *zliːls
薺 *zliːlʔ, *zlil
鱭 *zliːlʔ
嚌 *zliːls
劑 *zliːls, *ʔslel
齍 *ʔslil

Ideogram (指事) : a field of grain, hence of uniform height. Compare 森, in which three trees represent a whole forest.

Etymology 1

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trad. 齊
simp. 齐
alternative forms
斉
斊
立
亝
𠫼
斉
斊
立
亝
𠫼
𠄷
 

Either related to Mizo čelʔᴸ (“equal, to endure”) or, more phonologically likely, Tibetan ཚིར (tshir, “queue, order, succession”) as Tibetan /tsʰir/'s final /-r/ can explain the Middle Chinese retroflex initial of 儕 (OC *zriːl), which is derived from 齊 (OC *zliːl). Note also similarities to Burmese စီ (ci, “to line up”),[1] စေ့ (ce., “to keep things close together”).[2]

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • chôe - vernacular;
    • chê - literary.
Note:
  • ci5 - literary;
  • zoi5 - vernacular.
Rime
Character 齊
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 徂奚切
Baxter dzej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zɛj/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zei/
Wang
Li 		/d͡ziei/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cai4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 齊 齊
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qí qí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzej › ‹ dzej ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]ˁəj/ /*[dz]ˁəj/
English uniform, equal Qí (place name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 齊
Reading # 1/2
No. 10052
Phonetic
component 		齊
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		齊
Old
Chinese 		/*zliːl/
Definitions
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齊

  1. even; uniform; of equal length
    牙齒長得不齊。 [MSC, trad.]
    牙齿长得不齐。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yáchǐ zhǎnɡ de bù qí. [Pinyin]
    The teeth are uneven.
  2. same; identical
    齊天大聖／齐天大圣  ―  Qítiān Dàshèng  ―  Great Sage, Equal to Heaven (An epithet for Sun Wukong, the main character in the classic novel Journey to the West.)
  3. complete
    人都來齊了嗎？／人都来齐了吗？  ―  Rén dōu lái qí le ma?  ―  Has everyone arrived?
    我把東西準備齊了。 [MSC, trad.]
    我把东西准备齐了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ bǎ dōngxī zhǔnbèi qí le. [Pinyin]
    I've prepared everything ready.
    齊人就行得。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    齐人就行得。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    cai4 jan4 zau6 haang4 dak1. [Jyutping]
    We can go if everyone has arrived.
  4. together; simultaneously
    萬炮齊發／万炮齐发  ―  wàn pào qí fā  ―  many cannons fire simultaneously
    齊上齊落／齐上齐落 [Cantonese]  ―  cai4 soeng6 cai4 lok6 [Jyutping]  ―  to stick together and fight against tyranny as one group (a slogan used in the 2019-2020 Hong Kong protests
  5. to be the same height as; to be level with
  6. along a line
  7. (～國) Qi, an ancient Chinese duchy, and later kingdom, during the Zhou dynasty
  8. Southern Qi (479–502), the second of the Southern dynasties in China
  9. Northern Qi (550–577), one of the Northern dynasties in China
  10. (～日) (telegraphy) the eighth day of a month
  11. a surname
    齊白石／齐白石  ―  Qí Báishí  ―  Qi Baishi (Chinese painter)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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齊

  1. Alternative form of 躋／跻 (jī)
  2. Alternative form of 齏／齑 (jī)

Pronunciation 3

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Rime
Character 齊
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 在詣切
Baxter dzejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zeiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zeiH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zieiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zai6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 齊
Reading # 2/2
No. 10064
Phonetic
component 		齊
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		嚌
Old
Chinese 		/*zliːls/
Definitions
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齊

  1. Alternative form of 劑／剂 (jì)
  2. alloy
Compounds
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Pronunciation 4

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Definitions
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齊

  1. hem of a skirt, shirt tail
  2. Alternative form of 粢
  3. Alternative form of 資／资 (zī)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 5

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Definitions
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齊

  1. Alternative form of 齋／斋 (zhāi)
  2. sacrificial offering
  3. deferential
Compounds
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Pronunciation 6

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Definitions
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齊

  1. Alternative form of 剪 (jiǎn)
  2. Alternative form of 醮 (jiào)

Etymology 2

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trad. 齊
simp. 齐
alternative forms
褿
全 Hokkien
仝 Hokkien
巢 Hokkien
樵 Hokkien
褿
全 Hokkien
仝 Hokkien
巢 Hokkien
樵 Hokkien
昭 Hokkien
𤍫 Hokkien
焦 Hokkien
勻／匀 Teochew
 

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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齊 (Southern Min)

  1. uniform; generally consistent
  2. completely; entirely

Compounds

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References

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  1. ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-I and -E Finals (28. to Set in order, Arrange)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 11
  2. ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-I and -E Finals (27. Complete; Uniform)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 11

Further reading

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

斉

Kyūjitai

齊

Kanji

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齊

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 斉)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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齊 (eum 제 (je))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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齊: Hán Nôm readings: tày, tề, tè, chai

  1. chữ Hán form of tề (“even, uniform”).
  2. chữ Hán form of tề (“equal to”).

Compounds

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References

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