Irtysh

English

Etymology

From Russian Иртыш (Irtyš), possibly from Bashkir. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪə(ɹ)tɪʃ/

Proper noun

Irtysh

1. A major river in Siberia, Russia.
   • [1969 July 3 [1969 May 28], “A View of the O-erh-ch'i-ssu River Delta”, in Translations on People's Republic of China, number 59, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, p 8, translation of 額爾齊斯河流域風貌 by 念澄 (in Chinese), →OCLC, Economic, page 11:

     The O-erh-ch'i-ssu River begins in the southern section of the lofty A-erh-t'ai Mountains of Sinkiang. This river is over 2,900 kilometers long and has a large delta area rich in minerals such as gold, iron, copper, lead, zinc, mercury, mica, crystal and "ping-chou-shih" [3056 3166 4258 possibly cryolite]. At the source of the O-erh-ch'i-ssu River, the A-erh-t'ai Mountains reach more than 3,000 meters above sea level. The peaks of the mountains are covered with snow year-round, and rainfall is heavy in the summer.

     我國新疆的額爾齊斯河,發源於巍峨的阿爾泰山東部, […]
     額爾齊斯河全長二千九百多公里,它的流域面積很廣,在它流域的廣闊土地上,蘊藏著豐富的寶藏,其中有金,鐵,銅,鉛,鋅,水銀,雲母,氷洲石,水晶等.
     額爾齊斯河的發源地阿爾泰山,也是我國的名山,海拔三千米以上,山常年積雪,夏天雨水很多.]

   • [1975 August 18 [1974 May], “Study of China's Deserts [中国沙漠概论 CHUNG-KUO SHA-MO KAI-LUN]”, in Translations on People's Republic of China, number 316, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Peking, Desert Laboratory Lanchow Institute of Glacier, Frozen Ground and Desert Soil Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences [中国科学院兰州冰川冻土沙漠研究所沙漠研究室], translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page 47‎^[1]:

     While stabilized and semistabilized sand dunes prevail in the desert in the Dzungarian Basin, shifting dunes are the rule in this desert, intermittently distributed along both the south and north banks of the O-erh-ch'i-szu Ho in the northwestern part of the basin. Lying under these dunes are the sloping diluvial terraces and undulating slopes of the mountain bases. Due to its high elevation and its being situated in the river valley between the Sa-wu-erh and A-erh-t'ai mountain ranges, gale force wind penetrates the region in winter and little snow is accumulated.]

   • 2001, Central Asian Security: The New International Context‎^[2], →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 80:

     On its own Kazakhstan is unable to mount such a challenge. However, the other downstream state liable to be affected by China’s Irtysh extraction plans is Russia.

   • 2013 August 17, “Russia boat crash kills 4, injures 49”, in AP News‎^[3], archived from the original on 22 May 2022‎^[4]:

     The Interfax news agency, citing regional police and emergency services, says the crash occurred Saturday on the Irtysh river, 10 kilometers from the Siberian city of Omsk.

Synonyms

• Ertix

Translations

river in Siberia

• Armenian: Իրտիշ (hy) (Irtiš)
• Catalan: Irtix m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 額爾齊斯河／额尔齐斯河 (É’ěrqísī)

• Danish: Irtysj
• Finnish: Irtyš
• French: Irtych m
• German: Irtysch (de) m
• Japanese: イルティシュ (Irutishu), イルティッシュ (Irutisshu)
• Kalmyk: Эрцс (Ertss)
• Kazakh: Ертіс (Ertıs)
• Korean: 이르티시 (Ireutisi)
• Manchu: ᡝᡵᠴᡳᠰ (ercis)
• Mongolian: ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠰ (erčis), Эрчис (Erčis)
• Nogai: Эртиш (Értiş)
• Polish: Irtysz (pl) m
• Portuguese: Irtish m, Irtysh m
• Russian: Ирты́ш (ru) m (Irtýš)
• Siberian Tatar: Эйәртеш (Eyärteş)
• Southern Altai: Эртиш (Ertiš)
• Tatar: Иртеш (İrteş)
• Tibetan: ཨེར་ཆིས (er chis)
• Written Oirat: ᡄᠷᡔᡅᠰ (ercis)

Further reading

• “Irtysh, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “Irtysh”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Irtysh”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎^[5], volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1390, column 3

Anagrams

• shirty, thyrsi

Portuguese

Proper noun

Irtysh m

1. Alternative spelling of Irtish