Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leukaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break”), cognate with Sanskrit रुजति (rujáti, “to break open”), Lithuanian lū́žti (“to break”) and Old Armenian լուծանեմ (lucanem, “to break, to loose”).

Verb

*leukaną

1. (West Germanic) to pull, pluck, weed

Inflection

Conjugation of *leukaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*leukō	*leukaų	—	*leukai	?
2nd singular	*liukizi	*leukaiz	*leuk	*leukazai	*leukaizau
3rd singular	*liukidi	*leukai	*leukadau	*leukadai	*leukaidau
1st dual	*leukōz	*leukaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*leukadiz	*leukaidiz	*leukadiz	—	—
1st plural	*leukamaz	*leukaim	—	*leukandai	*leukaindau
2nd plural	*liukid	*leukaid	*liukid	*leukandai	*leukaindau
3rd plural	*leukandi	*leukain	*leukandau	*leukandai	*leukaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*lauk	*lukį̄
2nd singular	*lauht	*lukīz
3rd singular	*lauk	*lukī
1st dual	*lukū	*lukīw
2nd dual	*lukudiz	*lukīdiz
1st plural	*lukum	*lukīm
2nd plural	*lukud	*lukīd
3rd plural	*lukun	*lukīn
	present	past
participles	*leukandz	*lukanaz

Alternative forms

• *lūkaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *leukan
  • Old English: lūcan
    • Middle English: louken
      • English: louk, look (“to weed”) (dialectal)
  • Old Frisian: lūka
    • West Frisian: lûke
  • Old Saxon: *lūkan
    • Middle Low German: lûken
      • Low German: luken
        • ⇒ Low German: lucksen
          • → German: abluchsen (partially)
  • Old High German: liohhan
    • Middle High German: liechen
      • German: liechen

Etymology 2

Verb

*leukaną

1. Alternative form of *lūkaną