kawan

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈkawan/ [ˈka.wan]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -awan
• Syllabification: ka‧wan

Noun

kawan (plural kawan-kawan, first-person possessive kawanku, second-person possessive kawanmu, third-person possessive kawannya)

1. friend (person whose company one enjoys)

   Synonyms: bendu, dongan, handai, handai tolan, kamerad, kanca, kanti, karib, kenalan, kolega, kontak, mitra, perepat, rafik, rekan, sahabat, saki, sejawat, sekutu, sobat, sohib, teman, tolan

2. (politics) comrade

   Hanya beberapa orang pemimpin PKI berhasil menyelamatkan diri ke luar negeri, di antaranya anggota Central Comite PKI, Kawan Musso.

   Only several PKI leaders succeeded in saving themselves by traveling abroad, one of them being Comrade Musso, a member of the Central Committee of the PKI.

Affixed terms

• berkawan
• berkawan-kawan
• berkawanan
• kawanan
• memperkawan
• memperkawankan
• mengawan
• mengawani
• perkawanan

 

Compounds

• kawan berbuat
• kawan berlomba
• kawan bicara
• kawan hidup
• kawan sekelas
• kawan sekerja
• kawan sirih
• kawan tebusan

 

Further reading

• “kawan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

kawan

1. Romanization of ꦏꦮꦤ꧀

Malay

Alternative forms

• کاون

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kawan]
• Rhymes: -awan, -wan, -an

Noun

kawan (Jawi spelling کاون, plural kawan-kawan, informal 1st possessive kawanku, 2nd possessive kawanmu, 3rd possessive kawannya)

1. friend (person whose company one enjoys)
2. flock

Synonyms

• (company enjoyed): teman, rakan, sahabat

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• perkawan [causative passive] (peR-)
• kawankan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• kawani [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
• berkawan [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Classifier

kawan

1. Classifier used for animals in flocks.

Pronoun

kawan (Jawi spelling کاون)

1. (Johor) I (personal pronoun)
2. (Johor) me (direct object of a verb)
3. (Johor) me (object of a preposition)
4. (Johor) me (indirect object of a verb)
5. (Johor) my (belonging to me)

Synonyms

• aku / اکو
• saya / ساي

See also

Malay personal pronouns
		singular	plural
1st person	standard	saya／ساي aku／اکو, ku-／كو- (informal/towards God) -ku／-كو (informal possessive) hamba／همبا (dated)	kami／کامي (exclusive) kita orang／كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive) kita／کيت (inclusive)
	royal	beta／بيتا
2nd person	standard	kamu／کامو anda／اندا (formal)
		engkau／اڠکاو, kau-／كاو- (informal/towards God) awak／اوق (friendly/older towards younger) -mu／-مو (possessive)	awak semua／اوق سموا kamu semua／كامو سموا kalian／کالين (informal) kau orang／كاو اورڠ (informal)
	royal	tuanku／توانكو
3rd person	standard	dia／دي ia／اي beliau／بلياو (honorific) -nya／-ڽ (possessive)	mereka／مريک dia orang／دي اورڠ (informal)
	royal	baginda／بݢيندا

Old Javanese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka.wan/
• Rhymes: -wan
• Hyphenation: ka‧wan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban.

Noun

kawan

1. companion; group

Derived terms

• anakawan
• panakawan
• sakawan
• sakawanan
• samakawan

 

Descendants

• >? Javanese: ꦏꦮꦤ꧀ (kawan)

Etymology 2

Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kawan

1. a particular kind of fish

Further reading

• "kawan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay kawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaban (“companion, member of a group (of animals or people); friend”). Doublet of kaban.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkawan/ [ˈkaː.wɐn̪]
• Rhymes: -awan
• Syllabification: ka‧wan

Noun

kawan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜏᜈ᜔)

1. herd; flock; school; swarm (group of animal together, especially of the same kind)

   Synonyms: kamada, grupo, langkay, pulutong, ganado, kuyog, (obsolete) kaban

2. multitude; large number

   Synonym: kulumpol

Derived terms

• kawan-kawan
• magkawan
• magkawan-kawan
• mangawan
• mapangawan
• pangawanan
• pangawanin

 

Further reading

• “kawan”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
• “kawan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Zorc, David Paul (1981) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 2, page 83
• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 103
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kaban₁”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Anagrams

• kanaw, nakaw

Yogad

Noun

kawán

1. typhoon