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laukku

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Finnish

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Etymology

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Unknown. Saarikivi postulates a borrowing from Russian ла́вка (lávka); the word would have originally referred to wandering traders (laukkuryssä), with later semantic shift through the bags they carried.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑu̯kːu/, [ˈlɑ̝u̯kːu]
  • Rhymes: -ɑukːu
  • Hyphenation(key): lauk‧ku

Noun

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laukku

  1. bag, case (firm container made out of cloth, leather, plastic, etc.)
  2. rattle (any plant of the genus Rhinanthus)

Usage notes

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The Finnish words kassi, laukku, pussi, and säkki can all be translated into English as "bag". The differences between these terms are not clear-cut, but broadly speaking, they refer to different kinds of bags, and usually only one of them is used for a certain kind of bag, e.g. ostoskassi (shopping bag), hedelmäpussi (plastic bag for fruits and vegetables), viljasäkki (sack/bag of grain), and matkalaukku (suitcase).

  • A laukku is a bag used to carry personal items, often with a handle or a carrying strap, that is meant for long-term use and usually made of stiffer materials, like leather, strong textiles, or even hard materials, like plastics. Examples include suitcases (and some other cases), handbags and satchels.
  • A kassi is a flexible but relatively large bag made of textile, plastic, paper, or other soft material. It is used to carry goods such as groceries from one place to another, or (somewhat less often) carries personal belongings like laukku. It may be reusable. Examples include (larger) shopping bags and travel bags.
  • A pussi has two main meanings. First, it may refer to bags used for packaging or storage. Second, it may mean a bag used similarly to kassi, but smaller and less reusable. A pussi is often made of paper or plastic. Examples include small paper or plastic shopping bags, food packaging bags and zip bags.
  • A säkki is a sack, a large, flexible yet strong bag without a handle that is used to carry larger amounts of certain commodities, such as flour, rice, potatoes or coal.

Declension

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Inflection of laukku (Kotus type 1*A/valo, kk-k gradation)
nominative laukku laukut
genitive laukun laukkujen
partitive laukkua laukkuja
illative laukkuun laukkuihin
singular plural
nominative laukku laukut
accusative nom. laukku laukut
gen. laukun
genitive laukun laukkujen
partitive laukkua laukkuja
inessive laukussa laukuissa
elative laukusta laukuista
illative laukkuun laukkuihin
adessive laukulla laukuilla
ablative laukulta laukuilta
allative laukulle laukuille
essive laukkuna laukkuina
translative laukuksi laukuiksi
abessive laukutta laukuitta
instructive laukuin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of laukku (Kotus type 1*A/valo, kk-k gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative laukkuni laukkuni
accusative nom. laukkuni laukkuni
gen. laukkuni
genitive laukkuni laukkujeni
partitive laukkuani laukkujani
inessive laukussani laukuissani
elative laukustani laukuistani
illative laukkuuni laukkuihini
adessive laukullani laukuillani
ablative laukultani laukuiltani
allative laukulleni laukuilleni
essive laukkunani laukkuinani
translative laukukseni laukuikseni
abessive laukuttani laukuittani
instructive
comitative laukkuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative laukkusi laukkusi
accusative nom. laukkusi laukkusi
gen. laukkusi
genitive laukkusi laukkujesi
partitive laukkuasi laukkujasi
inessive laukussasi laukuissasi
elative laukustasi laukuistasi
illative laukkuusi laukkuihisi
adessive laukullasi laukuillasi
ablative laukultasi laukuiltasi
allative laukullesi laukuillesi
essive laukkunasi laukkuinasi
translative laukuksesi laukuiksesi
abessive laukuttasi laukuittasi
instructive
comitative laukkuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative laukkumme laukkumme
accusative nom. laukkumme laukkumme
gen. laukkumme
genitive laukkumme laukkujemme
partitive laukkuamme laukkujamme
inessive laukussamme laukuissamme
elative laukustamme laukuistamme
illative laukkuumme laukkuihimme
adessive laukullamme laukuillamme
ablative laukultamme laukuiltamme
allative laukullemme laukuillemme
essive laukkunamme laukkuinamme
translative laukuksemme laukuiksemme
abessive laukuttamme laukuittamme
instructive
comitative laukkuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative laukkunne laukkunne
accusative nom. laukkunne laukkunne
gen. laukkunne
genitive laukkunne laukkujenne
partitive laukkuanne laukkujanne
inessive laukussanne laukuissanne
elative laukustanne laukuistanne
illative laukkuunne laukkuihinne
adessive laukullanne laukuillanne
ablative laukultanne laukuiltanne
allative laukullenne laukuillenne
essive laukkunanne laukkuinanne
translative laukuksenne laukuiksenne
abessive laukuttanne laukuittanne
instructive
comitative laukkuinenne

Derived terms

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compounds

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Saarikivi, Janne. Itämerensuomalais-slaavilaisten kontaktien tutkimuksen nykytilasta. Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 258. Helsinki 2009.

Further reading

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Karelian

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Etymology

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Unknown. Cognates include Finnish laukku (see it for theories).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑu̯kːu/
  • Hyphenation: lauk‧ku

Noun

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laukku (genitive laukun, partitive laukuo)

  1. bag

References

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  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 83

Livvi

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /lɑu̯kːu/
  • Hyphenation: lauk‧ku

Etymology 1

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Laukkuja (1.2).

From Proto-Finnic *laukka. Cognates include Finnish laukka and Estonian lauk.

Noun

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laukku (genitive laukan, partitive laukkua)

  1. onion (Allium fistulosum)
  2. onion (the vegetable)

Etymology 2

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Laukku (2).

Borrowed from Russian лавка (lavka). Cognates include Finnish lafka and Veps lauk.

Noun

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laukku (genitive laukan, partitive laukkua)

  1. shop

References

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  • N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect]‎[2] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 3
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 140