laus

See also: Laus and -laus

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German lūs, from Old High German lūs, from Proto-West Germanic *lūs. Cognate with German Laus, Dutch luis, English louse, Icelandic lús.

Noun

laus f (plural lòize)

1. (Sette Comuni) louse

Declension

Declension of laus – 2nd declension

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	an	de	laus	de	lòize
accusative	an	de	laus	de	lòize
dative	anara	dar	lòize	in	lòizen

Derived terms

• dorlòizanzich

References

• “laus” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Copainalá Zoque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish clavos (“nails”), plural of clavo (“nail”). C.f. Francisco León Zoque lavusy.

Noun

laus

1. nail

References

• Harrison, Roy, Harrison, Margaret, García H., Cástulo (1981) Diccionario zoque de Copainalá (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 23)‎^[1] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 71

Franco-Provençal

Noun

laus (Old Dauphinois)

1. Alternative form of lèc (“lake”)

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lacus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 126

Gothic

Romanization

laus

1. Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃

Gutnish

Etymology

From Old Norse lauss, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz.

Adjective

laus

1. loose

Derived terms

• laushólk
• lausstrèmming
• lausstremmunge
• lösning

Related terms

• lausa

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse lauss.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /løyːs/

  Rhymes: -øyːs

Adjective

laus (comparative lausari, superlative lausastur)

1. loose
2. free to go
3. available
4. vacant

Inflection

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	laus	laus	laust
accusative	lausan	lausa	laust
dative	lausum	lausri	lausu
genitive	lauss	lausrar	lauss
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausir	lausar	laus
accusative	lausa	lausar	laus
dative	lausum	lausum	lausum
genitive	lausra	lausra	lausra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausi	lausa	lausa
accusative	lausa	lausu	lausa
dative	lausa	lausu	lausa
genitive	lausa	lausu	lausa
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausu	lausu	lausu
accusative	lausu	lausu	lausu
dative	lausu	lausu	lausu
genitive	lausu	lausu	lausu

    comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausari	lausari	lausara
accusative	lausari	lausari	lausara
dative	lausari	lausari	lausara
genitive	lausari	lausari	lausara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausari	lausari	lausari
accusative	lausari	lausari	lausari
dative	lausari	lausari	lausari
genitive	lausari	lausari	lausari

    superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausastur	lausust	lausast
accusative	lausastan	lausasta	lausast
dative	lausustum	lausastri	lausustu
genitive	lausasts	lausastrar	lausasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausastir	lausastar	lausust
accusative	lausasta	lausastar	lausust
dative	lausustum	lausustum	lausustum
genitive	lausastra	lausastra	lausastra

    superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausasti	lausasta	lausasta
accusative	lausasta	lausustu	lausasta
dative	lausasta	lausustu	lausasta
genitive	lausasta	lausustu	lausasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lausustu	lausustu	lausustu
accusative	lausustu	lausustu	lausustu
dative	lausustu	lausustu	lausustu
genitive	lausustu	lausustu	lausustu

See also

• -laus

Latin

Etymology

Unclear. Accepting a shift of Proto-Italic *ow to Latin au in pretonic positions, the term reflects a Proto-Indo-European *le/ow-V́-d^(h)-, which is usually traced back to a tentative root *lew- (“to sing, praise”) together with Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, poem”). Connection with Old Irish loíd (“poem, lay”) is usually rejected.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /lau̯s/, [ɫ̪äu̯s̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /lau̯s/, [läu̯s]

Noun

laus f (genitive laudis); third declension

1. praise, glory, repute

   Synonym: admīrātiō

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.517:

     plūs erat in gladiō quam curvō laudis arātrō

     [Back then] there was more glory in the sword than in the curved plow.
     (Literally, there was more of glory [to be gotten] in [use of] the sword than in the curved plow; that is to say, soldiers were more glorified than farmers.)

2. fame
3. approbation, commendation
4. merit, worth

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	laus	laudēs
genitive	laudis	laudum
dative	laudī	laudibus
accusative	laudem	laudēs
ablative	laude	laudibus
vocative	laus	laudēs

Derived terms

• laudō
• lautia
• laudes

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: alavdã
  • Romanian: laudă
• Italo-Romance:
  • Neapolitan: lȯsə (Matera), lówəsə (Molfetta), lauso (Taranto)
  • Old Italian: lode, loda, lodo
    • Corsican: losa
    • Italian: lode
  • Sicilian: laudi
• Padanian:
  • >? Friulian: laud
  • Ligurian: loso
  • Old Lombard: loxo
    • >? Lombard: los
  • Old Venetan: laudo, laldo, loldo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • French: los
  • Old Catalan: *lau
    • Catalan: llau
  • Old Occitan: laus, laud, lau
    • Occitan: laus
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Albanian: lavd, lavdë
• Learned borrowings:
  • → Old French: laude
    • French: laudes (liturgical term)
  • → Spanish: laude

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “laus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 209

Further reading

• “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• laus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• laus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem
    
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid
    
  • to praise, extol, commend a person: eximia laude ornare aliquem
    
  • to overwhelm with eulogy: omni laude cumulare aliquem
    
  • to extol, laud to the skies: laudibus aliquem (aliquid) in caelum ferre, efferre, tollere
    
  • to consider a thing creditable to a man: aliquid laudi alicui ducere, dare
    
  • to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: gloriae, laudi esse
    
  • to be very famous, illustrious: gloria, laude florere
    
  • to be guided by ambition: laudis studio trahi
    
  • to be consumed by the fires of ambition: gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare
    
  • to be distinguished as a poet: poetica laude florere
    
  • to be a distinguished orator: eloquentiae laude florere
    
  • the word aemulatio is employed with two meanings, in a good and a bad sense: aemulatio dupliciter dicitur, ut et in laude et in vitio hoc nomen sit
    
  • (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: laudem tribuere, impertire alicui
    
  • (ambiguous) to spread a person's praises: alicuius laudes praedicare
    
  • (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: omnium undique laudem colligere
    
  • (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: maximam ab omnibus laudem adipisci
    
  • (ambiguous) to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: laudem afferre
    
  • (ambiguous) to be guided by ambition: laudem, gloriam quaerere
    
  • (ambiguous) to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: alicuius famam, laudem imminuere
    
  • (ambiguous) to render obscure, eclipse a person: obscurare alicuius gloriam, laudem, famam (not obscurare aliquem)
    
  • (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes versibus persequi
    
  • (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes (virtutes) canere
    
  • (ambiguous) to thank, glorify the immortal gods: grates, laudes agere dis immortalibus
    
• “laus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[3]
• “laus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle English

Alternative forms

• lous, loos

Etymology

From Old Norse lauss, of Germanic origin.

Adjective

laus

1. loose

Descendants

• English: loose
• Scots: lous, lows, loose

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse lauss.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /læʉːs/

Adjective

laus (neuter laust, definite singular and plural lause, comparative lausare, indefinite superlative lausast, definite superlative lausaste)

1. loose
2. flimsy
3. free (not fastened)
4. (archaic, derogatory) outside a legitime marriage (about a child or a woman having such a child)

Derived terms

• lausdans
• lauseld
• lausunge

See also

• løs (Bokmål)

Norwegian Nynorsk terms suffixed with -laus

References

• “laus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Adjective

laus

1. inflection of lauss:
   1. strong feminine nominative singular
   2. strong neuter nominative/accusative plural

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English louse.

Noun

laus

1. any external parasitic insect; flea; louse.

White Hmong

Etymology

From Proto-Hmong *lu̯eiᴮ (“old”), perhaps borrowed from Middle Chinese 老 (lɑu^X, “old”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lau̯˩/

Adjective

laus

1. old

Derived terms

• niam laus

 

See also

• qub

References

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[4], SEAP Publications, →ISBN.