outrun

English

Etymology

From out- +‎ run.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ʌn
• IPA^(key): /ˈaʊtɹʌn/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

Verb

outrun (third-person singular simple present outruns, present participle outrunning, simple past outran, past participle outrun)

1. (transitive) To run faster than.

   Can a tiger outrun a lion?

   I don't need to outrun the bear; I just need to outrun you.

   • 1981 August 18, National Transportation Safety Board, “Role of Dispatcher”, in Railroad Accident Report: Rear-End Collision of Union Pacific Railroad Company Freight Trains Extra 3119 West and Extra 8044 West, Near Kelso, California, November 17, 1980‎^[1], archived from the original on 29 March 2022, pages 30–31:

     Once it became obvious that Extra 3119 West was out of control, the VAN engineer took matters into his own hands. Hearing the engineer of Extra 3119 West repeatedly report his speed as being 80 mph, the VAN engineer believed the other train had reached maximum speed and that he could outrun it. Had he been instructed to do this earlier by the dispatcher, he might have succeeded in staying ahead of the runaway.

2. (transitive) To exceed or overextend.
   • 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:

     They will take care not to outrun their income. They will never be distressed for money.

   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 28, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     […] as I levelled my glance towards the taffrail, foreboding shivers ran over me. Reality outran apprehension; Captain Ahab stood upon his quarter-deck.

Derived terms

• outrun the constable
• you can't outrun your fork

Translations

run faster

• Bulgarian: изпреварвам (bg) (izprevarvam)
• Czech: předběhnout pf, předbíhat impf, předhonit pf, předhánět impf
• Dutch: ontlopen (nl)
• French: prendre de l’avance sur, distancer (fr), prendre de vitesse (fr), semer (fr)
• German: überholen (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient: παρέρχομαι (parérkhomai)

• Hungarian: lehagy (hu), gyorsabban fut, megelőz/leelőz (futásban)
• Maori: kaikape
• Portuguese: ultrapassar (pt), exceder (pt), superar (pt)
• Russian: обгоня́ть (ru) impf (obgonjátʹ), обогна́ть (ru) pf (obognátʹ), опережа́ть (ru) impf (operežátʹ), опереди́ть (ru) pf (operedítʹ)
• Upper Sorbian: předběhać impf, předběhnyć pf, přesćahnyć pf, přesćahować (hsb) impf

exceed — see also exceed

• Bulgarian: надминавам (bg) (nadminavam)
• Czech: překročit (cs) pf
• French: dépasser (fr)
• Hungarian: (something positive) túlszárnyal (hu), meghalad (hu)
• Russian: превосходи́ть (ru) impf (prevosxodítʹ), превзойти́ (ru) pf (prevzojtí)

Noun

outrun (plural outruns)

1. (skiing) In ski jumping, the flat or uphill area past the landing point, where the skier can slow down.

   Coordinate term: inrun

2. (sheepdog trials) The sheepdog's initial run towards the sheep, done in a curving motion so as not to startle them.
3. (farming, Scottish) A piece of outlying grazing land on an arable farm.

References

• “outrun”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “outrun”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• run out, run-out, runout