pera

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See also: Perä, perä, Pera, pêra, pēra, perá, пера, and пэра

Asturian

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Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

Etymology

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From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Noun

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pera f (plural peres)

  1. pear

Further reading

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  • “pera” in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana. Xosé Lluis García Arias. →ISBN.

Basque

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Noun

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pera

  1. allative singular of pe

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Catalan pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (plural peres)

  1. pear (fruit)
  2. goatee
    Synonym: masclet

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Chavacano

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Etymology

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Inherited from Spanish pera.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpeɾa/, [ˈpe.ɾa]
  • Hyphenation: pe‧ra

Noun

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pera

  1. pear (fruit)

Corsican

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Noun

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pera f (plural pere)

  1. pear
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  • peru (“pear tree”)

References

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  • “pera” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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pera

  1. inflection of pero:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Etymology 2

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Verb

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pera

  1. masculine singular present transgressive of prát

Faroese

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Etymology

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From Old Norse pera, probably from Old English pere, peru, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (genitive singular peru, plural perur)

  1. pear (fruit)
  2. light bulb

Declension

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Declension of pera
f1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pera peran perur perurnar
accusative peru peruna perur perurnar
dative peru peruni perum perunum
genitive peru perunnar pera peranna

Galician

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese pera (13th century, Alfonso X), from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear (fruit)
  2. (slang) masturbation

Derived terms

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References

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Further reading

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Icelandic

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Etymology

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From Old Norse pera, probably from Old English pere, peru, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (genitive singular peru, nominative plural perur)

  1. pear (fruit)
  2. light bulb

Declension

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Declension of pera (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative pera peran perur perurnar
accusative peru peruna perur perurnar
dative peru perunni perum perunum
genitive peru perunnar pera peranna

Istriot

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Etymology

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From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Noun

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pera f

  1. stone

Italian

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Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Etymology

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From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (plural pere)

  1. pear (the fruit)
  2. (slang) fix (dose of drug)
    farsi una pera
    to shoot up
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Anagrams

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Latin

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek πήρα (pḗra).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pēra f (genitive pērae); first declension

  1. bag, satchel (slung over one shoulder)
  2. wallet
  3. scrip

Declension

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First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative pēra pērae
genitive pērae pērārum
dative pērae pērīs
accusative pēram pērās
ablative pērā pērīs
vocative pēra pērae

Derived terms

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References

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  • “pera”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “pera”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “pera”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “pera”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
  • “pera”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Anagrams

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Leonese

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear

References

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Lindu

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Noun

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pera

  1. silver

Makasar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *pəʀəq.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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pera (Lontara spelling ᨄᨙᨑ, semi-transitive ammera)

  1. (transitive) to wring out

Maori

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Noun

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pera

  1. pillow

See also

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Occitan

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Etymology

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From Old Occitan pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear
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Old Galician-Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Preposition

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pera

  1. for, towards
Descendants
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  • Galician: para, pra
  • Portuguese: para, pra, pa (syncopic forms)

Etymology 2

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From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear
    maçãas e peras ― apples and pears
Descendants
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Polish

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Etymology

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Unknown.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɛ.ra/
  • Rhymes: -ɛra
  • Syllabification: pe‧ra

Noun

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pera f (diminutive perka)

  1. (Poznań) Alternative form of pyra

Declension

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Declension of pera
singular plural
nominative pera pery
genitive pery per
dative perze perom
accusative perę pery
instrumental perą perami
locative perze perach
vocative pero pery

References

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  • “Pyra”, in Słownik gwary miejskiej Poznania, (Can we date this quote?)

Further reading

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  • pera in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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pera

Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • Rhymes: -eɾɐ
  • Hyphenation: pe‧ra

Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear
  2. (colloquial) a knuckle sandwich
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Clipping of espera, imperative of esperar (“to wait”)

Pronunciation

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  • Rhymes: -ɛɾɐ
  • Hyphenation: pe‧ra

Interjection

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pera

  1. (colloquial) just a minute
    Synonyms: pera aí, peraí
  2. (colloquial) wait (asking for stop to make an observation)

Etymology 3

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Preposition

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pera

  1. Archaic form of para.

Further reading

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Serbo-Croatian

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Noun

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pera

  1. inflection of pero:
    1. genitive singular
    2. nominative/genitive/accusative/vocative plural

Slovak

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera

  1. genitive singular of pero

Noun

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pera f

  1. lip

Declension

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Declension of pera (pattern žena)
singularplural
nominativeperapery
genitiveperyperí,
pier
dativepereperám
accusativeperupery
locativepereperách
instrumentalperouperami

Further reading

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  • “pera”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Spanish pera, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera f (plural peras)

  1. pear
  2. (boxing) speed bag
  3. (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay) chin
    Synonyms: barbilla, mentón

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Portuguese pera (“pear”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera (ma class, plural mapera)

  1. guava

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Brook, Zev (2022) “Which Arabic Dialect Are Swahili Words From?”, in Studia Orientalia Electronica‎[1], volume 10, number 1, page 2 of 1-10: “Swahili, however, uses the Portuguese borrowing pera for ‘guava’”

Tagalog

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10¢ perra gorda (literally “fat bitch (dog)”) coin depicting a lion rampant regardant, 1870
worn out 5¢ perra chica (literally “little bitch (dog)”) coin, 1870

Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish perra (“cash; 5 and 10 centimo peseta coins”, literally “bitch / female dog”),[1][2] feminine of perro (“dog”), due to the circulation of perra gorda (“ten centimo peseta coin”), perra chica (“five centimo peseta coin”). Such coins depicted a poorly drawn Spanish heraldic lion rampant regardant and people called the lion humorously a perra.

Potet (2016) also remarked that the word seems to be a cross between Malay perak and Spanish perra, wherein an interference could've occurred between the colloquial senses of Spanish perra (“cash; dough (money)”, literally “bitch (dog)”) and Malay perak (“coin”, literally “silver”). See also pilak.

Alternatively, possibly from Spanish pela (“one peseta coin”, literally “a hit or beating”), also with a similar lion design.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pera (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ)

  1. money; cash
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:salapi

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 456
  2. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 136

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Veps

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *perä, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *perä. Cognates include Finnish perä.

Noun

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pera

  1. stern (rear end of a ship)

Inflection

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Inflection of pera (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing. pera
genitive sing. peran
partitive sing. perad
partitive plur. peroid
singular plural
nominative pera perad
accusative peran perad
genitive peran peroiden
partitive perad peroid
essive-instructive peran peroin
translative peraks peroikš
inessive peras peroiš
elative peraspäi peroišpäi
illative peraha peroihe
adessive peral peroil
ablative peralpäi peroilpäi
allative perale peroile
abessive perata peroita
comitative peranke peroidenke
prolative peradme peroidme
approximative I peranno peroidenno
approximative II perannoks peroidennoks
egressive perannopäi peroidennopäi
terminative I perahasai peroihesai
terminative II peralesai peroilesai
terminative III perassai —
additive I perahapäi peroihepäi
additive II peralepäi peroilepäi

References

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  • Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “корма”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[3], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
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