tyrmä
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Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Russian тюрьма (tjurʹma, “jail”), probably from Proto-Turkic *türmä (“dungeon”).
Noun
[edit]tyrmä
Declension
[edit]Inflection of tyrmä (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | tyrmä | tyrmät | |
genitive | tyrmän | tyrmien | |
partitive | tyrmää | tyrmiä | |
illative | tyrmään | tyrmiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | tyrmä | tyrmät | |
accusative | nom. | tyrmä | tyrmät |
gen. | tyrmän | ||
genitive | tyrmän | tyrmien tyrmäin rare | |
partitive | tyrmää | tyrmiä | |
inessive | tyrmässä | tyrmissä | |
elative | tyrmästä | tyrmistä | |
illative | tyrmään | tyrmiin | |
adessive | tyrmällä | tyrmillä | |
ablative | tyrmältä | tyrmiltä | |
allative | tyrmälle | tyrmille | |
essive | tyrmänä | tyrminä | |
translative | tyrmäksi | tyrmiksi | |
abessive | tyrmättä | tyrmittä | |
instructive | — | tyrmin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “tyrmä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
[edit]Possibly from Proto-Finnic *türe-, from Proto-Uralic *tire, *türe, but there are no known Finnic cognates.
Adjective
[edit]tyrmä (dialectal, rare, obsolete)
- stiff, harsh, unfriendly, wretched, poor
Derived terms
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian тюрьма (tjurʹma). Compare Finnish tyrmä and Estonian türm.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtyrmæ/, [ˈtʲyrm]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtyrmæ/, [ˈtyrmæ]
- Rhymes: -yrm, -yrmæ
- Hyphenation: tyr‧mä
Noun
[edit]tyrmä
Declension
[edit]Declension of tyrmä (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tyrmä | tyrmät |
genitive | tyrmän | tyrmiin |
partitive | tyrmää | tyrmiä |
illative | tyrmää | tyrmii |
inessive | tyrmääs | tyrmiis |
elative | tyrmäst | tyrmist |
allative | tyrmälle | tyrmille |
adessive | tyrmääl | tyrmiil |
ablative | tyrmält | tyrmilt |
translative | tyrmäks | tyrmiks |
essive | tyrmännä, tyrmään | tyrminnä, tyrmiin |
exessive1) | tyrmänt | tyrmint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “тюрма”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 687
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 614
Categories:
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/yrmæ
- Rhymes:Finnish/yrmæ/2 syllables
- Finnish terms borrowed from Russian
- Finnish terms derived from Russian
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish adjectives
- Finnish dialectal terms
- Finnish rare terms
- Finnish obsolete terms
- fi:Buildings
- Ingrian terms borrowed from Russian
- Ingrian terms derived from Russian
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yrm
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yrm/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yrmæ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yrmæ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- izh:Buildings