Reglas de Ingles-COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.
7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones Yes en Ingls 2
1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y

oraciones
En ingles usamos los adjetivos comparativos cuando

comparamos dos personas o cosas. Es muy importante conocer
las reglas que se siguen para formar los adjetivos comparativos
y por ello esta leccin comienza por mostrar la gramtica de
este tema.
Si recordamos los adjetivos que vimos en el curso de ingls
bsico podemos tomar algunos de ellos para que nos ayuden a
explicar lo siguiente.
Reglas para formar comparativos en ingls
1.- Adjetivos cortos
Para la mayora de los adjetivos con una silaba (adjetivos
cortos), aadimos la terminacin "-er" para formar su
comparativo:
Ejemplos:
small / smaller
(pequeo / mas pequeo)
cool / cooler
(fresco / ms fresco)
cheap / cheaper (barato / ms barato)
fast / faster
(rpido / ms rpido)
clean / cleaner
(limpio / ms limpio)
Aunque la regla es simplemente agregar "-er" al final, en
algunos casos de adjetivos cortos se tienen las siguientes
excepciones:
a) Para adjetivos cortos que terminan en "-e", solo agregar "-r":
Ejemplos:
wide / wider
nice / nicer
(ancho / ms ancho)
(agradable / ms agradable)
Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com
Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones Yes en Ingls 2
safe / safer
(seguro / ms seguro)
b) Para adjetivos cortos que terminan en una vocal y una

consonante, hacer doble consonante y agregar "-er":
Ejemplos:
fat / fatter
(gordo / ms gordo)
thin / thinner (delgado / ms delgado)
big / bigger
(grande / ms grande)
c) Para adjetivos cortos que terminan en "-y", cambiar la "y" por
"i" y agregar terminacin "-er":
Ejemplos:
dry / drier
(seco / ms seco)
heavy / heavier (pesado / ms pesado)
happy / happier (feliz / ms feliz)
2.- Adjetivos largos
Para muchos adjetivos con 2 o ms silabas, usamos "more" ms
el adjetivo original:
more + adjective
Ejemplos:
expensive / more expensive
beautiful / more beautiful
generous / more generous
(caro / ms caro)
(bonito / ms bonito)
(generoso / ms generoso)
3.- Adjetivos con comparativo especial

Algunos adjetivos tienen una forma comparativa especial:
Ejemplos:
good / better
(bueno / mejor)
bad / worse
(malo / peor)
Habiendo conocido las reglas esenciales para formar

comparativos ahora podemos adentrar a la estructura bsica
para realizar oraciones.
Realizando comparaciones en oraciones afirmativas:
Para oraciones afirmativas usamos la palabra "than" despus del
comparativo para efectuar la comparacin:
Ejemplos singular:
1.- Victor is taller than Adrian.
(Vctor es ms alto que Adrin)
2.- Marcela is uglier than Karla.
(Marcela es ms fea que Karla)
3.- He is more extroverted than John.
(l es ms extrovertido que Juan)
4.- Megan is more attractive than Britney.
(Megan es ms atractiva que Britney)
Ejemplos plural:
1- Those shoes are better than yours.
(Esos zapatos son mejores que los tuyos)
2.- Elephants are bigger than tigers.
(Los elefantes son ms grandes que los tigres)
3.- The books are more interesting than movies.
(Los libros son ms interesantes que las pelculas)
4.- Apples are more expensive than oranges.

(Las manzanas son ms caras que las naranja)
Como se puede ver en estos ejemplos, en los primeros cuatro
comparamos en singular y en el segundo set de ejemplos se
vieron plurales, quise ponerlos de esta forma para diferenciar el
uso del auxiliar del verbo "to be" en ambos casos: cuando
hablamos de singular "is" y en plural "are".
Nota: Cuando no mencionamos las 2 cosas no se usa "than":
Ejemplos:
That book is cheaper
My bed is more comfortable
Those wheels are worse
These computers are faster
rpidas)
(Ese libro es ms barato)

(Mi cama es ms cmoda)
(Esas llantas son peores)
(Estas computadoras son ms
Realizando comparaciones con less:

Hasta el momento se han visto ejemplos de oraciones en las que
se hacan comparaciones con "ms", pero tambin es posible
hacer comparativos de "menos" anteponiendo la palabra "less"
previo a adjetivos largos. En este caso no cambia el adjetivo.
less + adjective
Ejemplos:
1.- This country is less dangerous than yours.
(Este pas es menos peligroso que el tuyo)
2.- Paty is less extroverted than Mary.
(Patricia es menos extrovertida que Mara)
3.- The books are less interesting than movies
(Los libros son menos interesantes que las pelculas)
4.- Oranges are less expensive than apples.
(Las naranjas son menos caras que las manzanas)

Realizando comparaciones en oraciones negativas:
En oraciones negativas usamos la forma de negacin en verbo
"to be" y la estructura "as adjective as", dependiendo si
hablamos en singular o plural.
Ejemplos singular:
1.- I'm not as fat as John.
(No soy tan gordo como Juan)
2.- Lucy is not as shy as Kate.
(Luci no es tan timida como Kate)
3.- Avatar is not as good as Titanic.
(Avatar no es tan buena como Titanic)
4.- A cake is not as tasty as ice cream.
(Un pastel no es tan sabroso como la nieve)
Ejemplos plural:
1.- Scary movies are not as fun as comedies.
(Las pelculas de espanto no son tan divertidas como las
comedias)
2.- Dogs are not as clean as cats.
(Los perros no son tan limpios como los gatos)
3.- Tablets are not as useful as smartphones.
(Las tablets no son tan tiles como los telfonos inteligentes)
4.- Cars are not as heavy as airplanes.
(Los carros no son tan pesados como los aviones)
Ntese que en este tipo de oraciones no se siguen las reglas
del comparativo, es decir, no se cambia el adjetivo a ninguna
otra forma sino que se coloca tal como se vio en la lista de

adjetivos del curso de ingls bsico.
Para concluir este tema, vase como una oracin puede ser
compuesta de ambas formas (afirmativa y negativa) y su
sentido no cambia. Por ejemplo, cada par de las siguientes
oraciones tienen el mismo significado:
- Victor is taller than Adrian
- Adrian is not as tall as Victor
- The books are more interesting than movies
- Movies are not as interesting as books
- Titanic is better than Avatar
- Avatar is not as good as Titanic
- Comedies are funnier than scary movies
- Scary movies are not as fun as comedies
Como complemento en la siguiente pgina se muestra la lista de
50 comparativos ms comunes en ingls, tomados del curso de
ingls bsico que este mismo curso puso a disposicin
anteriormente.
50 adjetivos comparativos comunes del ingls

1. angry / angrier
2.
enojado / ms
enojado
3.
4. attractive / more
attractive
5.
atractivo / ms
atractivo
6.
7. bad / worse
8.
malo / peor
9.
10.beautiful / more
beautiful
11.
hermoso ms
hermoso
12.
13.
big / bigger
14.
grande / ms
grande
15.
16.
cheap /
cheaper
17.
barato / ms
barato
18.
19.
clean / cleaner
20.
limpio / ms
limpio
21.
22.
cold / colder
23.
frio / ms frio
24.
25.
cool / cooler
26.
fresco / ms
fresco
27.
28.
dangerous
/more dangerous
29.
peligroso / ms
peligroso
30.
31.
dark / darker
32.
oscuro / ms
oscuro
33.
34.
deep / deeper
35.
profundo / ms
profundo
36.
37.
difficult / more
difficult
38.
difcil / ms difcil
39.
40.
dirty / dirtier
41.
sucio / ms sucio
42.
43.
44.
45. 15. easy / easier
46.
fcil / ms fcil
47.
48. 16. empty / emptier
49.
vaco / ms vaco
50.
51. 17. excited / more
excited
52.
emocionado / ms
emocionado
53.
54. 18. expensive / more
expensive
55.
caro / ms caro
56.
57. 19. extroverted / more
extroverted
58.
extrovertido / ms
extrovertido
59.
60. 20.
61.
62.
63. 21.
64.
65.
66. 22.
67.
68.
69. 23.
70.
divertido
71.
72. 24.
73.
far / farther
lejos / ms lejos
fast / faster
rpido / ms rpido
fat / fatter
gordo / ms gordo
funny / funnier
divertido / ms
good / better
bueno / mejor
74.
75. 25.
76.
77.
78. 26.
79.
80.
81. 27.
82.
83.
84. 28.
85.
happy / happier
feliz / ms feliz
hard / harder
duro / ms duro
heavy / heavier
pesado / ms pesado
high / higher
alto / ms alto (altura)
86.
87.
88.
Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

Yes en Ingls II
29.
hot / hotter
89.
caliente / ms
caliente
90.
30.
light / lighter
91.
ligero / ms
ligero
92.
31.
long / longer
93.
largo / ms largo
94.
32.low / lower
95.
bajo / ms bajo
96.
33.
near / nearer
97.
cerca / ms
cerca
98.
34.
nervous / more
nervous
99.
nervioso / ms
nervioso
100.
35.
new / newer
101. nuevo / ms
nuevo
102.
36.
old / older
103. viejo / ms viejo
104.
37.
precise / more
precise
105. preciso / ms
preciso
106.
38.
rich / richer
107. rico / ms rico
108.
39.
safe / safer
109. seguro / ms
seguro
110.
short / shorter
corto / ms corto
40.
111.
112.
41.
slow / slower
113.
lento / ms lento
114.
42.
small / smaller
115.
pequeo / ms
pequeo
116.
43.
strong / stronger
117.
fuerte / ms fuerte
118.
44.
sweet / sweeter
119.
dulce / ms dulce
120.
45.
tall / taller
121.
alto / ms alto
(estatura)
122.
46.
thin / thinner
123.
delgado / ms delgado
124.
47.
ugly / uglier
125.
feo / ms feo
126.
48.
Useful / more useful
127.
til / ms til
128.
49.
warm / warmer
129.
clido / ms clido
130.
50.
weak / weaker
131.
dbil / ms dbil
132.
133.
134.
1.7 - Comparative English: Rules of adjectives
and prayers
135.

Yes en Ingls II
136.
In English we use comparative adjectives when
comparing two people or things. It is very important
to know the rules that follow to form comparative
adjectives and therefore this lesson begins by
showing the grammar of this issue.
137.
Remembering the adjectives that we saw in
basic English course we can take some of them to
help us to explain the following.
138.
Rules for comparative form in English
139.
1. Short Adjectives
140.
For
most
one-syllable
adjectives
(short
adjectives), add suffix "-er" to form their comparative:
141.
Examples:
142.
small / smaller (small / smaller)
143.
cool / cooler (fresh / cooler)
144.
cheap / cheaper (cheap / cheaper)
145.
fast / faster (fast / faster)
146.
clean / cleaner (clean / cleaner)
147.
148.
Although the rule is simply adding "-er" to the
end, in some cases of short adjectives have the
following exceptions:
149.
r"
a) For short adjectives ending in "-e", just add "-
150.
Examples:
151.
wide / wider (width / wider)
152.
nice / nicer (nice / nicer)

Yes en Ingls II
153.
safe / safer (safe / safer)
154.
155.
b) For short adjectives ending in a vowel and a
consonant, double consonant and add "-er":
156.
Examples:
157.
fat / fatter (fat / fatter)
158.
thin / thinner (thin / thinner)
159.
big / bigger (bigger / larger)
160.
161.
c) For short adjectives ending in "-y", change the
"y" to "i" and add finishing "-er":
162.
Examples:
163.
dry / drier (dry / drier)
164.
heavy / heavier (heavy / heavier)
165.
happy / happier (happy / happier)
166.
167.
2. long Adjectives
168.
For many adjectives with 2 or more syllables, use
"more" plus the original adjective:
169.
more + adjective
170.
Examples:
171.
expensive / more expensive (expensive / more
expensive)
172.
beautiful / more beautiful (beautiful / nicer)

Yes en Ingls II
173.
generous / more generous (fortified / more
generous)
174.
175.
3. Comparative Adjectives special
176.
Some adjectives have a special comparative
form:
177.
Examples:
178.
good / better (good / better)
179.
bad / worse (bad / worse)
180.
181.
Having known the essential rules for forming
comparative Now we can delve into the basic
structure for prayers.
182.
183.
Making comparisons: affirmative:
184.
For affirmative sentences use the word "than"
after comparison for comparison:
185.
Singular examples:
186.
1. Victor workshop is than Adrian.
187.
(Victor is higher than Adrian)
188.
189.
2. Marcela is uglier than Karla.
190.
(Marcela is uglier than Karla)
191.
192.
3. He is more extroverted than John.

Yes en Ingls II
193.
(He's more outgoing than Juan)
194.
195.
4. Megan is more attractive than Britney.
196.
(Megan is more attractive than Britney)
197.
198.
Plural examples:
199.
1- Those shoes are better than yours.
200.
(Those shoes are better than yours)
201.
202.
2. Elephants are bigger than tigers.
203.
(The elephants are larger than tigers)
204.
205.
3. The books are more interesting than movies.
206.
(The
movies)
books
are
more
interesting
than
the
207.
208.
4. Apples are more expensive than oranges.
209.
(Apples are more expensive than orange)
210.
As you can see from these examples, in the first
four compared singular and the second set of
examples were plural, I wanted to put them in this
way to differentiate the use of the auxiliary verb "to
be" in both cases: when we talk about singular "is"
and the plural "are".
211.
Note: When no mention 2 things "than" is not
used:

Yes en Ingls II
212.
Examples:
213.
That book is cheaper (That book is cheaper)
214.
My bed is more comfortable (My bed is more
comfortable)
215.
Those wheels are worse (These tires are worse)
216.
These computers are faster (These computers
are faster)
217.
218.
Making comparisons with "less":
219.
So far there have been examples of sentences in
which comparisons with "more" were made, but it is
also possible to make comparative "less" putting the
word "less" before long adjectives. In this case does
not change the adjective.
220.
less + adjective
221.
Examples:
222.
1. This country is less dangerous than yours.
223.
(This country is safer than yours)
224.
225.
2. Paty is less extroverted than Mary.
226.
(Patricia is less extroverted Mary)
227.
228.
3. The books are less interesting than movies
229.
(The books are less interesting than the movies)
230.

Yes en Ingls II
231.
4. Oranges are less expensive than apples.
232.
(Oranges are less expensive than apples)
233.
234.
Making comparisons in negative sentences:
235.
In negative sentences we use the form of
negation verb "to be" and structure "as adjective as"
depending if we talk in singular or plural.
236.
Singular examples:
237.
1. I'm not as fat as John.
238.
(I'm not as fat as Juan)
239.
240.
2. Lucy is not as shy as Kate.
241.
(Luci is not as shy as Kate)
242.
243.
3. Avatar is not as good as Titanic.
244.
(Avatar is not as good as Titanic)
245.
246.
4. A cake is not as tasty as ice cream.
247.
(A cake is not as tasty as snow)
248.
249.
Plural examples:
250.
1. Scary movies are not as fun as comedies.
251.
(Horror films are not as funny as the comedies)
252.

Yes en Ingls II
253.
2. Dogs are not as clean as cats.
254.
(Dogs are not as clean as cats)
255.
256.
3. Tablets are not as useful as smartphones.
257.
(The tablets are not as useful as smartphones)
258.
259.
4. Cars are not as heavy as airplanes.
260.
(The cars are not as heavy as airplanes)
261.
262.
Note that in this type of comparative sentences
rules, ie are not followed, not the adjective is changed
to any other form but such places as seen in the list of
adjectives course in basic English.
263.
264.
To conclude this topic, see as a prayer can be
composed of both forms (affirmative and negative)
and its meaning does not change. For example, each
pair of these sentences have the same meaning:
265.
- Victor workshop is than Adrian
266.
- Adrian is not as tall as Victor
267.
268.
- The books are more interesting than movies
269.
- Movies are not as interesting as books
270.
271.
- Titanic is better than Avatar

Yes en Ingls II
272.
- Avatar is not as good as Titanic
273.
274.
- Comedies are funnier than scary movies
275.
- Scary movies are not as fun as comedies
276.
277.
Complementing on the next page the list of 50
most common comparison in English, taken from
basic English course that this same course made
available previously shown.
278.
279.
280.
281.
282.
283.
284.
285.
286.
287.
288.
50 common comparative adjectives English
289.
290.
291.
292.

Yes en Ingls II
293.
1. angry / angrier
294.
Angry / angriest
295.
296.
2. attractive / more attractive
297.
sexy / attractive
298.
299.
3. bad / worse
300.
bad / worse
301.
302.
4. beautiful / more beautiful
303.
beautiful - more beautiful
304.
305.
5. big / bigger
306.
big / bigger
307.
308.
6. cheap / cheaper
309.
cheap / cheaper
310.
311.
7. clean / cleaner
312.
clean / cleaner
313.
314.
8. cold / colder
315.
cold / cooler

Yes en Ingls II
316.
317.
9. cool / cooler
318.
cool / cooler
319.
320.
10. dangerous / more dangerous
321.
dangerous / most dangerous
322.
323.
11. dark / darker
324.
dark / darker
325.
326.
12. Deep / deeper
327.
deep / deep
328.
329.
13. Difficult / Difficult more
330.
hard / harder
331.
332.
14. dirty / dirtier
333.
Dirty / dirtier
334.
335.
336.
337.
15. easy / Easier
338.
easy / easier

Yes en Ingls II
339.
340.
16. empty / emptier
341.
vacuum / empty
342.
343.
17. excited / more excited
344.
Excited / more excited
345.
346.
18. expensive / more expensive
347.
expensive / more expensive
348.
349.
19. extroverted / more extroverted
350.
outgoing / more extroverted
351.
352.
20. far / farther
353.
far / further
354.
355.
21. fast / faster
356.
fast / faster
357.
358.
22. fat / fatter
359.
fat / fatter
360.
361.
23. funny / funnier

Yes en Ingls II
362.
fun / more fun
363.
364.
24. good / better
365.
good / best
366.
367.
25. happy / happier
368.
happy / happier
369.
370.
26. hard / harder
371.
hard / harder
372.
373.
27. heavy / heavier
374.
heavy / heavier
375.
376.
28. high / higher
377.
high / high (height)
378.
379.
380.
381.
382.
29. hot / hotter
383.
hot / hotter
384.

Yes en Ingls II
385.
30. light / lighter
386.
Light / lighter
387.
388.
31. long / longer
389.
long / longer
390.
391.
32. low / lower
392.
low / lowest
393.
394.
33. near / nearer
395.
near / closer
396.
397.
34. nervous / more nervous
398.
nervous / more nervous
399.
400.
35. new / newer
401.
New / Newest
402.
403.
36. old / older
404.
old / older
405.
406.
37 sets / more sets
407.
should / more precise

Yes en Ingls II
408.
409.
38. rich / richer
410.
rich / richer
411.
412.
39. safe / safer
413.
safe / safer
414.
415.
40. Short / Shorter
416.
short / shorter
417.
418.
41. slow / Slower
419.
slow / slower
420.
421.
42. small / smaller
422.
small / smaller
423.
424.
43. strong / stronger
425.
strong / stronger
426.
427.
44. sweet / sweeter
428.
sweet / sweet
429.
430.
45. tall / workshop

Yes en Ingls II
431.
high / higher (height)
432.
433.
46. thin / thinner
434.
thin / thinner
435.
436.
47. ugly / uglier
437.
Ugly / ugliest
438.
439.
48. Useful / more useful
440.
useful / more useful
441.
442.
49. warm / warmer
443.
warm / warmer
444.
445.
50. weak / weaker
446.
weak / weaker

Reglas de Ingles-COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

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Ingls Medio Leccin 1.

7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones Yes en Ingls 2

1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y

En ingles usamos los adjetivos comparativos cuando

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

b) Para adjetivos cortos que terminan en una vocal y una

3.- Adjetivos con comparativo especial

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Habiendo conocido las reglas esenciales para formar

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

4.- Apples are more expensive than oranges.

(Ese libro es ms barato)

Realizando comparaciones con less:

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

(Las naranjas son menos caras que las manzanas)

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

otra forma sino que se coloca tal como se vio en la lista de

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

50 adjetivos comparativos comunes del ingls

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

Rules for comparative form in English

small / smaller (small / smaller)

cool / cooler (fresh / cooler)

cheap / cheaper (cheap / cheaper)

fast / faster (fast / faster)

clean / cleaner (clean / cleaner)

a) For short adjectives ending in "-e", just add "-

wide / wider (width / wider)

nice / nicer (nice / nicer)

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

safe / safer (safe / safer)

fat / fatter (fat / fatter)

thin / thinner (thin / thinner)

big / bigger (bigger / larger)

dry / drier (dry / drier)

heavy / heavier (heavy / heavier)

happy / happier (happy / happier)

beautiful / more beautiful (beautiful / nicer)

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

3. Comparative Adjectives special

good / better (good / better)

bad / worse (bad / worse)

Making comparisons: affirmative:

1. Victor workshop is than Adrian.

(Victor is higher than Adrian)

2. Marcela is uglier than Karla.

(Marcela is uglier than Karla)

3. He is more extroverted than John.

Hecho por Alberto Carranza. Ms recursos de ingls en www.IngenieroGeek.com

Ingls Medio Leccin 1.7 - Comparativos en ingls: Reglas de adjetivos y oraciones

(He's more outgoing than Juan)

4. Megan is more attractive than Britney.

(Megan is more attractive than Britney)

1- Those shoes are better than yours.