DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE ESCALERA

Mg. Ing. Genaro Delgado Contreras

ESCALERA INTERIOR TIPO : SIMPLEMENTE APOYADA CON UN DESCANSO
1.- DATOS MATERIALES
Tipo y calidad del acer B 500 S g g: 1.5 g a: 1.15 fyd 434.8 [Mpa] fyad 400 [Mpa]
Tipo y calidad del hor H 21 g q: 1.6 g h: 1.5 fcd 14 [Mpa] E 200000 [Mpa]
Control de ejecucion: NORMAL
2.- GEOMETRIA DE LA ESCALERA
15

0,2 [m]
14
13
1,12 [m] 1,33 [m] 12
Viga plana
25x20 11
1 2 3 4 5

1,575 [m]
10
9
1 [m]

Descanso 8
Barandado 7

2,425 [m]
6 Descanso
2 [m]

6 5
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
4
Descanso
3
1 [m]

0,875 [m]
2
Viga
25x35 1

3,09 [m] 0,2 [m]

0,2 [m]

Datos
t1= 1.12 m b= 1.33 m d= 2 m H= 2.63 m
t2= 2.24 m c= 0.175 m h= 0.28 m e= 0.15 m

Parametros de la escalera
- Inclinacion de la escalera α= 32.005 [º]
- Espesor medio hm = 0.2644 [m]

3.- DETERMINACION DE LAS CARGAS

- Analisis del tramo 0,28 [m]
0,175 [m]

Piso y contrapiso
0,025 [m]

Revoque de yeso
- Carga Muerta
Modulacion para 1x 1 [m] Ancho de Faja = 1 [m]

Piso 8 [KN/m3] h= 1 [cm] G`k = 0.08 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.08 [KN/m]

Contrapiso 22 [KN/m3] h= 2 [cm] G`k = 0.44 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.44 [KN/m]
Losa de hormigon 25 [KN/m3] hm = 26.44 [cm] G`k = 6.61 [KN/m2] Gk = 6.61 [KN/m]
Revoque de yeso 12 [KN/m3] h= 2 [cm] G`k = 0.24 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.24 [KN/m]
 Gk = 7.37 [KN/m]
Baranda Gk = 0.5 [KN/m]
Total Gk = 7.87 [KN/m]
ϒg = 1.5
Gd = 11.80 [KN/m]
- Carga viva
Modulacion para 1x 1 [m] Ancho de Faja = 1 [m]

Según Norma Sobrecarga 4.5 [KN/m2] Q`k = 4.5 [KN/m2] Qk = 4.5 [KN/m]
ϒq = 1.6
Qd = 7.2 [KN/m]

Para el tramo la carga de diseño es: P1d = 19.00 [KN/m]

- Analisis del descanso

- Carga Muerta
Modulacion para 1x 1 [m] Ancho de Faja = 1 [m]

Piso 8 [KN/m3] h= 1 [cm] G`k = 0.08 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.08 [KN/m]

Contrapiso 22 [KN/m3] h= 2 [cm] G`k = 0.44 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.44 [KN/m]
Losa de hormigon 25 [KN/m3] hm = 15 [cm] G`k = 3.75 [KN/m2] Gk = 3.75 [KN/m]
Revoque de yeso 12 [KN/m3] h= 2 [cm] G`k = 0.24 [KN/m2] Gk = 0.24 [KN/m]
Gk = 4.51 [KN/m]
Barandado Gk = 0.50 [KN/m]
Total Gk = 5.01 [KN/m]
ϒg = 1.50
Gd = 7.52 [KN/m]
- Carga viva
Modulacion para 1x 1 [m] Ancho de Faja = 1.33 [m]

Según Norma Sobrecarga 4.5 [KN/m2] Q`k = 4.5 [KN/m2] Qk = 4.50 [KN/m]
ϒq = 1.6
Qd = 7.20 [KN/m]

Para el descanso la carga de diseño es: P2d = 14.72 [KN/m]

- Diagramas de momento
Tramo 1
 Tramo 2

4.- DISEÑO DE LA ARMADURA DE REFUERZO

- Materiales
Hormigon H 25 fck = 25 [Mpa] ϒc = 1.5 fcd = 16.667 [Mpa]
Acero B 500 S fyk = 500 [Mpa] ϒy = 1.15 fyk = 434.78 [Mpa]
E= 200000 [Mpa] εyd [‰]= 2.174
- Datos
Recubrimiento d1 = d2 = 0.025 [m]
Altura losa h= 0.15 [m]
Altura util d= 0.125 [m]
Ancho b= 1.00 [m]
- Tramo 1
Md Nc σs1 As1 As1 min As1 adop
Tramo 1 [KN-m] µ α [KN] [KN/cm2] [cm2] [cm2] [cm2]
Esc. Apoyo 0.00 0 0 0.00 43.48 0.00 2.7 2.70
Esc. Tramo 15.00 0.06857 0.08887 124.42 43.48 2.86 2.7 2.86
Descanso 15.00 0.06857 0.08887 124.42 43.48 2.86 2.7 2.86

- Tramo 2
Md Nc σs1 As1 As1 min As1 adop
Tramo 2 µ α
[KN-m] [KN] [KN/cm2] [cm2] [cm2] [cm2]
Esc. Apoyo 34.00 0.15543 0.21232 297.24 43.48 6.84 2.7 6.84
Esc. Tramo 18.00 0.08229 0.10748 150.47 43.48 3.46 2.7 3.46
Descanso 18.00 0.08229 0.10748 150.47 43.48 3.46 2.7 3.46
- Diagramas de corte

Tramo 2

- Diseño corte tramo 1

Vd Diametro Ast St
Tramo Ɛ ρl Vcu Vcu min Vsu Ast/St
[KN] [mm] [cm2] [cm]

Escalera 22.00 2.00 0.0023 42.19 31.50 -20.19 0.070 6.00 0.57 0.00
Descanso 22.00 2.00 0.0023 42.19 31.50 -20.19 0.070 6.00 0.57 0.00
OBS: No necesita armadura de corte

- Diseño corte tramo 2

Vd Diametro Ast St
Tramo Ɛ ρl Vcu Vcu min Vsu Ast/St
[KN] [mm] [cm2] [cm]
 Vd Diametro Ast St
Tramo Ɛ ρl Vcu Vcu min Vsu Ast/St
[KN] [mm] [cm2] [cm]

Escalera 41.00 2.00 0.0055 56.41 31.50 -15.41 0.070 8.00 1.01 0.00
Descanso 23.50 2.00 0.0028 44.95 31.50 -21.45 0.070 8.00 1.01 0.00
OBS: No necesita armadura de corte

5.- DETERMINACION DE COMBINACIONES A USARSE

- Escalera

As As real As As real
Tramo 1 Armadura Tramo 2 Armadura
[cm2] [cm2] [cm2] [cm2]

Esc. Apoyo 2.70 ϕ 10 c/ 20 3.93 Esc. Apoyo 6.84 ϕ 12 c/ 15 7.54

Esc. Tramo 2.86 ϕ 10 c/ 20 3.93 Esc. Tramo 3.46 ϕ 10 c/ 20 3.93
decanso 2.86 ϕ 10 c/ 20 3.93 decanso 3.46 ϕ 10 c/ 20 3.93
 ZAPATA COMBINADA
POS. DIMENSIONES PARCIALES (m) DIAM. CANT. LONG. PARC.
No a b c d (mm) (No) (m)
1 0.35 7.54 0.35 32 32 7.89
2 0.35 7.54 0.35 20 32 7.89
3 4.1 20 7 4.1
4 4.1 16 22 4.1
5 4.1 20 24 4.1
6 4.1 20 59 4.1

ESCALERA LANZADA
POS. DIMENSIONES PARCIALES (m) DIAM. CANT. LONG. PARC.
No a b c d (mm) (No) (m)
1 0.55 3.25 1.2 0.55 12 17 5.55
2 0.55 3.25 1.2 0.55 12 3 5.55
3 0.8 0.95 0.8 1.15 8 26 3.7
4 0.55 3.25 1.2 0.55 12 3 5.55
5 0.15 0.26 3.28 1.39 8 15 5.08
6 0.49 3.2 1.13 0.54 12 14 5.36
7 0.49 3.2 1.13 0.54 12 3 5.36
8 0.49 3.2 1.13 0.54 12 3 5.36
9 0.36 3.27 1.27 0.32 8 12 5.22
10 0.8 0.95 0.8 1.15 8 26 3.7
11 0.28 2.45 2.45 0.28 10 4 5.46
12 0.28 2.45 2.45 0.28 10 2 5.46
13 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.38 6 30 1.08
14 0.28 2.45 2.45 0.28 10 2 5.46
15 0.28 2.45 2.45 0.28 10 2 5.46
16 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.38 6 30 1.08
LONG.TOTAL PESO LINEAL PESO
(m) (kg/m) (kg) DIAMETRO PESO LINEAL
252.48 6.21 1567.9008 6 0.22
252.48 2.47 623.6256 8 0.39
28.7 2.47 70.889 10 0.62
90.2 1.58 142.516 12 0.89
98.4 2.47 243.048 16 1.58
241.9 2.47 597.493 20 2.47
TOTAL 3245.4724 25 3.85
32 6.21
LONG.TOTAL PESO LINEAL PESO
(m) (kg/m) (kg)
94.35 0.89 83.9715
16.65 0.89 14.8185
96.2 0.39 37.518
16.65 0.89 14.8185
76.2 0.39 29.718
75.04 0.89 66.7856
16.08 0.89 14.3112
16.08 0.89 14.3112
62.64 0.39 24.4296
96.2 0.39 37.518
21.84 0.62 13.5408
10.92 0.62 6.7704
32.4 0.22 7.128
10.92 0.62 6.7704
10.92 0.62 6.7704
32.4 0.22 7.128
TOTAL 386.3081