Taller n1
Taller n1
Taller n1
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL
ACREDITADA POR ICACIT, ABET, SINEACE
TALLER 01
“CONTROL DE EXACTITUD”
I. DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL
Por lo tanto, el Laboratorio No. 1 que lleva por nombre Control de Exactitud, tiene
por objetivo, cubrir un primer paso indispensable en un Estudio de Tiempos, para
que el alumno, futuro ingeniero responsable de un proceso productivo, aprenda a
manejar eficazmente la mejor herramienta para el control de tiempos, el
cronómetro.
Lograr que el alumno alcance un buen nivel en el manejo del cronometro con
un rango de +- 5% valor máximo permitido en el cronometraje.
6) Procurar que el Rendimiento de la Prueba (RP) esté cerca del 100%. La prueba
finalizará cuando el profesor indique la culminación de la misma.
𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶
𝐸= 𝑋 100
𝑇𝑅
V. ACTIVIDADES A REALIZAR
𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶
𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = 𝑋 100
𝑇𝑅
3) Elaboración de un Gráfico del Error
A. CLASES DE CRONÓMETROS
Se identifican dos clases, los analógicos y los digitales.
1. LOS ANALÓGICOS
Son aquellos en los cuales se identifica el avance de la aguja, tal y como si fuera
un reloj. Es necesario identificar el tipo de cronómetro para entender el
fraccionamiento de las divisiones.
2. LOS DIGITALES
Son aquellos en los cuales se identifican casillas como:
B. TIPOS DE CRONÓMETROS
Se han identificado tres tipos, los Sexagesimales, los de Minuto Decimal y los de
Hora Decimal. Estos serán:
Sexagesimal:
En los cronómetros SEXAGESIMALES la unidad de medida es el segundo que es
la sexagésima parte de un minuto.
La nomenclatura de estos cronómetros es: S(a/b)
Donde:
S: Cronómetro Sexagesimal.
Esto implica que para cada CT (Ciclo de Trabajo) se deberá hallar el CTE (ciclo
de trabajo equivalente), teniendo en cuenta la siguiente fórmula:
𝐂𝐓𝐄 / 𝐛 = 𝐔/𝐓
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
H(1/100000):
S(1/100):
S(1⁄100) = 0.01 seg 0.010seg
S(1/1000):
S(1⁄1000) = 0.001 seg
C(1/100):
60seg
C(1⁄100) = 0.01 min × = 0.6 seg 0.600seg
1min
H(1/100000):
3600seg
H(1⁄100000) = 0.000001 h × = 0.036 seg 0.036seg
1h
Más rápido:
a) 0.001seg S(1/1000)
b) 0.010seg S(1/100)
c) 0.036seg H(1/100000)
d) 0.600 seg C(1/100)
S(1/1000)
S(1/100)
C(1/100)
S (1/100):
1seg
S(1⁄100) = 50 div × = 0.50 seg
100 div
S (1/1000):
1seg
S(1⁄1000) = 50 div × = 0.050 seg
1000 div
C (1/100):
1min
C(1⁄100) = 50 div × = 0.50 min
100 div
H (1/100000):
1h UTE
H(1⁄100000) = 50 div × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟎 𝐡
100000 div
S(1/100):
3600seg 100 div
S(1⁄1000) CTE = 0.00050 h × × = 180 div
1h 1 seg
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
60min 100 div
C(1⁄100) CTE = 0.00050 h × × = 3 div
1h 1 min
H(1/100000):
100000 div
H(1⁄100000) CTE = 0.00050h × = 50 div
1h
S(1/100):
60seg 100 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 334 obs
1 min 1 seg 180 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000 ) Obs = 10 min × × × = 334 obs
1 min 1 seg 1800 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100 ) Obs = 10 min × × = 334 obs
1 min 3 div
H(1/100000):
1h 100000 div 1 obs
H(1⁄100000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 334 obs
60 min 1h 50 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) = 10 min × × × = 15000 obs
1 min 1 seg 40 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100) Obs = 10 min × × = 25 obs
1 min 40 div
H(1/100000):
S(1/100):
S(1⁄100) = 0.01 seg 0.010seg
S(1/1000):
S(1⁄1000) = 0.001 seg
C(1/100):
60seg
C(1⁄100) = 0.01 min × = 0.6 seg 0.600seg
1min
H(1/100000):
3600seg
H(1⁄100000) = 0.000001 h × = 0.036 seg 0.036seg
1h
Más rápido:
e) 0.001seg S(1/1000)
f) 0.010seg S(1/100)
g) 0.036seg H(1/100000)
h) 0.600 seg C(1/100)
S(1/1000)
S(1/100)
C(1/100)
S (1/100):
1seg
S(1⁄100) = 40 div × = 0.40 seg
100 div
S (1/1000):
1seg
S(1⁄1000) = 40 div × = 0.040 seg
1000 div
C (1/100):
1min
C(1⁄100) = 40 div × = 0.40 min
100 div
H (1/100000):
1h UTE
H(1⁄100000) = 40 div × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟎 𝐡
100000 div
S(1/100):
3600seg 100 div
S(1⁄1000) CTE = 0.00040 h × × = 144 div
1h 1 seg
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
60min 100 div
C(1⁄100) CTE = 0.00040 h × × = 3 div
1h 1 min
H(1/100000):
100000 div
H(1⁄100000) CTE = 0.00040h × = 40 div
1h
S(1/100):
60seg 100 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 417 obs
1 min 1 seg 144 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000 ) Obs = 10 min × × × = 417 obs
1 min 1 seg 1440 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100 ) Obs = 10 min × × = 417 obs
1 min 2.4div
H(1/100000):
1h 100000 div 1 obs
H(1⁄100000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 417 obs
60 min 1h 40 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) = 10 min × × × = 20000 obs
1 min 1 seg 30 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100) Obs = 10 min × × = 34 obs
1 min 30 div
H(1/100000):
S(1/100):
S(1⁄100) = 0.01 seg 0.010seg
S(1/1000):
S(1⁄1000) = 0.001 seg
C(1/100):
60seg
C(1⁄100) = 0.01 min × = 0.6 seg 0.600seg
1min
H(1/100000):
3600seg
H(1⁄100000) = 0.000001 h × = 0.036 seg 0.036seg
1h
Más rápido:
i) 0.001seg S(1/1000)
j) 0.010seg S(1/100)
k) 0.036seg H(1/100000)
l) 0.600 seg C(1/100)
S(1/1000)
S(1/100)
C(1/100)
S (1/100):
1seg
S(1⁄100) = 30 div × = 0.30 seg
100 div
S (1/1000):
1seg
S(1⁄1000) = 30 div × = 0.030 seg
1000 div
C (1/100):
1min
C(1⁄100) = 30 div × = 0.30 min
100 div
H (1/100000):
1h UTE
H(1⁄100000) = 30 div × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟎 𝐡
100000 div
S(1/100):
3600seg 100 div
S(1⁄1000) CTE = 0.00030 h × × = 108 div
1h 1 seg
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
60min 100 div
C(1⁄100) CTE = 0.00030 h × × = 2 div
1h 1 min
H(1/100000):
100000 div
H(1⁄100000) CTE = 0.00030h × = 30 div
1h
S(1/100):
60seg 100 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 555 obs
1 min 1 seg 144 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000 ) Obs = 10 min × × × = 555 obs
1 min 1 seg 1440 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100 ) Obs = 10 min × × = 555 obs
1 min 2.4div
H(1/100000):
1h 100000 div 1 obs
H(1⁄100000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 555 obs
60 min 1h 40 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) = 10 min × × × = 30000 obs
1 min 1 seg 20 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100) Obs = 10 min × × = 50 obs
1 min 20 div
H(1/100000):
S(1/100):
S(1⁄100) = 0.01 seg 0.010seg
S(1/1000):
S(1⁄1000) = 0.001 seg
C(1/100):
60seg
C(1⁄100) = 0.01 min × = 0.6 seg 0.600seg
1min
H(1/100000):
3600seg
H(1⁄100000) = 0.000001 h × = 0.036 seg 0.036seg
1h
Más rápido:
m) 0.001seg S(1/1000)
n) 0.010seg S(1/100)
o) 0.036seg H(1/100000)
p) 0.600 seg C(1/100)
S(1/1000)
S(1/100)
C(1/100)
S (1/100):
1seg
S(1⁄100) = 20 div × = 0.20 seg
100 div
S (1/1000):
1seg
S(1⁄1000) = 20 div × = 0.020 seg
1000 div
C (1/100):
1min
C(1⁄100) = 20 div × = 0.20 min
100 div
H (1/100000):
1h UTE
H(1⁄100000) = 20 div × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟎 𝐡
100000 div
S(1/100):
3600seg 100 div
S(1⁄1000) CTE = 0.00020 h × × = 72 div
1h 1 seg
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
60min 100 div
C(1⁄100) CTE = 0.00020 h × × = 2 div
1h 1 min
H(1/100000):
100000 div
H(1⁄100000) CTE = 0.00020h × = 20 div
1h
S(1/100):
60seg 100 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000 ) Obs = 10 min × × × = 834 obs
1 min 1 seg 72 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 834 obs
1 min 1 seg 720 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100 ) Obs = 10 min × × = 834 obs
1 min 1.2div
H(1/100000):
1h 100000 div 1 obs
H(1⁄100000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 834 obs
60 min 1h 20 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) = 10 min × × × = 60000 obs
1 min 1 seg 10 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100) Obs = 10 min × × = 100 obs
1 min 10 div
H(1/100000):
S(1/100):
S(1⁄100) = 0.01 seg 0.010seg
S(1/1000):
S(1⁄1000) = 0.001 seg
C(1/100):
60seg
C(1⁄100) = 0.01 min × = 0.6 seg 0.600seg
1min
H(1/100000):
3600seg
H(1⁄100000) = 0.000001 h × = 0.036 seg 0.036seg
1h
Más rápido:
q) 0.001seg S(1/1000)
r) 0.010seg S(1/100)
s) 0.036seg H(1/100000)
t) 0.600 seg C(1/100)
S(1/1000)
S(1/100)
C(1/100)
S (1/100):
1seg
S(1⁄100) = 10 div × = 0.10 seg
100 div
S (1/1000):
1seg
S(1⁄1000) = 10 div × = 0.010 seg
1000 div
C (1/100):
1min
C(1⁄100) = 10 div × = 0.10 min
100 div
H (1/100000):
1h UTE
H(1⁄100000) = 10 div × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟎 𝐡
100000 div
S(1/100):
3600seg 100 div
S(1⁄1000) CTE = 0.00010 h × × = 36 div
1h 1 seg
S(1/1000):
C(1/100):
60min 100 div
C(1⁄100 ) CTE = 0.00010 h × × = 0.6 = 1 div
1h 1 min
H(1/100000):
100000 div
H(1⁄100000) CTE = 0.00010h × = 10 div
1h
S(1/100):
60seg 100 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 1667 obs
1 min 1 seg 36 div
S(1/1000):
60seg 1000 div 1 obs
S(1⁄1000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 1667 obs
1 min 1 seg 360 div
C(1/100):
100 div 1 obs
C(1⁄100) Obs = 10 min × × = 1667 obs
1 min 0.6 div
H(1/100000):
1h 100000 div 1 obs
H(1⁄100000) Obs = 10 min × × × = 1667 obs
60 min 1h 10 div
Para 50 divisiones:
CTE U/T
S(1/100) 180 div 0.50 Seg.
S(1/1000) 1800 div 0.050 Seg.
C(1/100) 3 div 0.50 Min.
H(1/100000) 50 div 0.00050Hr.
Para 40 divisiones:
CTE U/T
S(1/100) 144div 0.40 Seg.
S(1/1000) 1440 div 0.040 Seg.
C(1/100) 3 div 0.40 Min.
H(1/100000) 40 div 0.00040Hr.
Para 30 divisiones:
CTE U/T
S(1/100) 108 div 0.30 Seg.
S(1/1000) 1080 div 0.030 Seg.
C(1/100) 2 div 0.30 Min.
H(1/100000) 30 div 0.00030Hr.
Para 20 divisiones:
CTE U/T
S(1/100) 72 div 0.20 Seg.
S(1/1000) 720 div 0.020 Seg.
C(1/100) 2 div 0.20 Min.
H(1/100000) 20 div 0.00020Hr.
Para 10 divisiones:
CTE U/T
S(1/100) 36 div 0.10 Seg.
S(1/1000) 360 div 0.010 Seg.
C(1/100) 1 div 0.10 Min.
H(1/100000) 10 div 0.00010Hr.
D E F
D E F
I. CALCULO DE ERROR
Para 50 divisiones
TR = 10 min
TC = A + B + C + D + E + F
TC = 61.78 + 59.28 + 58.50
TC = 179.56 seg
1min
CONVIRTIENDO = 179.56seg × = 2.99 min
60seg
Hallamos %Error
(𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶)
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100
𝑇𝑅
Para 40 divisiones
TR = 10 min
Hallamos Tiempo Cronometrado (TC)
TC = A + B + C + D + E + F
TC =36.62 + 35.92 + 36.46 + 38.97 + 39.26 + 35.35
+
TC = 222.58 seg
1min
CONVIRTIENDO = 222.58 seg × = 3.709 min
60seg
Hallamos %Error
(𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶)
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100
𝑇𝑅
10 𝑚𝑖𝑛 − 3.709𝑚𝑖𝑛
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100 = 62.90%
10 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Para 30 divisiones
TR = 10 min
TC = A + B + C + D + E + F
TC = 28.32+28.03+27.85+32.95+33.39+32.31
TC = 182.85 seg
1min
CONVIRTIENDO = 182.85 seg × = 3.0475n ≅ 3.048 𝑚𝑖𝑚
60seg
Hallamos %Error
(𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶)
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100
𝑇𝑅
Para 20 divisiones
TR = 10 min
TC = A + B + C + D + E + F
TC = 20.55+20.14+20.86+24.28+24.36+23.75
TC = 133.94 seg
1min
CONVIRTIENDO = 133.94 seg × = 2.232 min
60seg
Hallamos %Error
(𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶)
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100
𝑇𝑅
Para 10 divisiones
TR = 10 min
TC = A + B + C + D + E + F
TC = 15.25+11.73+11.58+12.27+12.49+12.41
TC = 75.73 seg
1min
CONVIRTIENDO = 75.73 seg × = 1.26 min
60seg
Hallamos %Error
(𝑇𝑅 − 𝑇𝐶)
%𝐸𝑅𝑅𝑂𝑅 = × 100
𝑇𝑅
CTE %ERROR
50 div 70.07%
40 div 62.90%
30 div 69.52%
20 div 77.68%
10 div 87.38%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
50 DIV 40 DIV 30 DIV 20 DIV 10 DIV
CTE = 50 div :
98
𝑅𝑃 = 333 × 100 = 29.43%
CTE = 40 div :
154
𝑅𝑃 = 417 × 100 = 36.93%
CTE = 30 div :
167
𝑅𝑃 = 555 × 100 = 30.09%
CTE = 20 div :
182
𝑅𝑃 = 834 × 100 = 21.82%
CTE = 10 div :
208
𝑅𝑃 = 1667 × 100 = 12.48%
III. CONCLUSIONES: