EN BANC

[G.R. No. 109406. September 11, 1998.]

REMEDIOS T. BLAQUERA, ROMEO T. ACOSTA, DINAH A. AGATI, RODRIGO AGIR, JR., REY M.T.
AGUINALDO, ELEAZAR S. ALAIRA, MARCIAL C. AMARO, JR., LEONOR M. ARZADON, MARLENE C.
ARZAGA, MIGUEL G. BADION, NORMITA S. BALLON, SOCORRO B. DEL MONTE, TEODORA B.
CABRERA, ERLINDA CANTIL, ARIEL P. CATINDIG, MA. HAYLEY N. CONCEPCION, MARY ANN C.
CRUZ, MA. VICTORIA ASUMPTU P. DACANAY, FEBES M. DE LEON, LIBERTY M. DELIMA, MARITESS
I. ESCUBIO, RITA D. FLORELIZ, CARIDAD C. FRANCISCO, LEVI F. CABALFIN, FE GARRIDO, JULIE
GOROSPE, NELSON V. GOROSPE, IMELDA GUINTANGUIJO, NENITA GUTIERREZ, SALLY B.
IMPERIAL, NERISSA B. JARABE, FE G. LOO, MA IRENE E. LORENZO, LORIDA D. MACARAAN,
DANILO P. MANOLOTO, ADORACION M. MENDOZA, CECILIA MENDOZA, EMMANUEL
MIRAFLORES LLARINA S. MOJICA, ZENAIDA B. MUNOZ, ALICIA S. NERY, NOEL O. PADILLA, ERVY
C. PASCUAL, MA. MADELINE R. PATAWARAN, CRISTINA B. PAULINO, IRENEO T. PEREZ, MA.
EVELINA RASCO, AUDREY T. ROSETE, LUMINADA C. ROTOL, FRANCISCO SANTOS, JR., JULIET U.
TEXON, HELEN A. TOBIAS, LARRY R. VILLAFLOR, RAYMOND R. VIRGINO, LILY YBAO, VICKY U.
YLAGAN, NENITA R. ZABALA, CHARLIE U. AGATI, NOEL C. AQUINO, ERLINDA P. AYAP, CONRADO
A. BRAVANTE, JR., EMMA F. CABRERA, MAY R. CANLAS, SUSAN CASTILLA, CORAZON B. CHECA,
BLESILDA T. CORRO, EMMA DIEZ, MA. LOURDES G. FERRER, LILIHUA B. GARCIA, JESLINA B.
GOROSPE, MYRNA GUMANGAN, LERMA D. HONRADO, ISRAEL S. INOCENCIO, JONAS P. LEONES,
AVEL A. MORADO, JUANITA NACINO, GENEVIEVE AUSTRIA PADILLA, ALMA O. PELOBELLO, NELIA
J. QUESADA, CRISTINA M. REGUNAY, DEMILOUR B. REYES, MOLINA REYNALDO, GLENN ADONIS
M. RICO, BELEN E. SOTALBO, ANDREA B. TALOSIG, FLORDELIZA TENAZAS, MERLY B. TOMILLUSO,
MA. ROSALINA VELASCO, NATIVIDAD YABES, PAULO F. ABESAMIS, FELICITAS AREVALO, FORCIA B.
ATOS, BELINDA I. DEANG, CONSUELO T. DUANO, ERNESTINA JOSE, GERARDO O. MENDOZA,
LUZVIMINDA P. MENDOZA, AMANTE S. PERALTA, YOLANDA M. TATANG, DOLORES M. ANGCO,
MA. VENUS BERONGOY, LYDIA M. BONA, MA. LOURDES CASAL, MABEL COLOMA, MARY JUNE D.
DANDAN, ERLINDA O. DOMINGO, JOSEPHINE P. EBORA, ELENA B. FERNANDEZ, EVANGELINE
FERRER-LIMYOLO, AMPARO V. GEREZ, ZENAIDA V. GUTIERREZ, MILAGROS C. IMBAO, JULIE
JALAAN, LETICIA A. LLAMERA, CAROLINA A. LOPEZ, MARIUS NORMAN MACALALAD, ALICIA L.
MALLILLIN, REMEDIOS L. MERCADO, DINA B. MONTEALEGRE, SUSAN MORTOS, JUANITO F.
MUNSAYAC, PAULA ONG, DALISAY PASCUAL, MA. ALMA M. PILIPINA, NICETA A. ROXAS,
AMADOR ATENDIDO, LUZCELY H. VEDAN, NELLY VILLARAMA, ESTALA S. AGUILES, JEAN F.
ALLADO, YVONNE B. BALDADO, EUPREFIA BALDEMOR, NICETAS B. BAUTISTA, ANTONIO
BENITEZ, JANETTE BERNARDO, MARIA B. BONGCO, GREGORIO ALEXIS M. CAAYAO,
FREDESVINDA G. CASUNCAD, ROSA G. COPON, AMILYN DANTES, HERMINIA ECLEO, FILIPINA V.
EDRALIN, ROSALINA O. ENRIQUEZ, MARY FERNANDEZ, VICTORIA B. GIMENO, LEONARDO C.
HERNANDEZ, ERLINDA MENDOZA, AURORA V. PIDO, FORTUNATA C. RAYOSO, MARIA V.
RICAFORT, DORINA S. ROJAS, LEONITA R. SIBUNGA, ERNA D. SY, ALMEIDA J. TAGALA, EDGARDO
TUBANG, SOFIA VELACRUZ, EUGENE N. ANTOLIN, MA. ELVIRA P. JAVIER, LISETTE G. MONENO,
CLEOFE P. PATANAO, MARY JEAN V. REYES, SHIRLEY G. AQUINO, CHRISTY GEMPES, JOSE
FEDERICO M. GEMDRANO, JOSEPHINE G. RANCAP, JOSETTE B. SAN LUIS, MARINA A. BORRETA,
CHERRY B. CID, OLIVIA P. JOVE, MA. TERESA M. MARING, BETTY P. MOJICA, EDITHA T. MUNIELA,
EMMANUEL T. PILAR, JOVITA C. ROBOSA, MA. NENA M. VILLANUEVA, MARK A. ANTONIO,
PRISCILLA G. BACENA, SUSAN C. BENOZA, RHODORA A. CALUNGCAGIN, ANA MARIA M.
CRISOSTOMO, ELENITO E. CUNANAN, ROMANA A. DE LEON, EDMUNDO B. FLORENDO, DANIEL
GARCIA, AMELIN F. MAGAT, PATRIA A. NULLAS, MYRNA S. TADENA, THELMA TOTANES, ALFONSO
A. VERGARA, BELEN M. ANTIPORDA, ROSALINA B. CARANDO, ESTELLA P. DE LEON, CRESENCIA I.
OLIVAR, LOURIE A. OLIVERIO, TERESITA A. RAMOS, ELISEO T. REYES, PUREZA T. SAYON, JOSEFINA
B. TEJANA, VILLAROSA C. ABEN, JONATHAN ACABAL, POLICARPIO ALCARAZ, TERESITA C. AMOG,
GLORIA AROGANTE, EVENLYN BANDOLIN, GERRY BANDOLIN, ADOR BARROS, CELSO L.
BAUTISTA, FELICITAS S. BAUTISTA, CRISTNINA DE GUZMAN, ESTELA C. FACELO, RAMON FLORES,
ANGELITO V. FONTANILLA, GERMAN GALAOS, REMEDIOS S. GARCIA, MANNY G. GINGCO,
VIRGILIO HALILI, ZENAIDA IBAY, ERNESTO B. JARABE, OSCAR LEANO, TEODORA O. LEONCIO,
CARMEN R. LUARCA, EMER REX MATIBAG, MARLYN R. MENDOZA, BIBIANO C. MIRANDA,
ROMERICO MA. T. MOLINA, ERLINDA C. POYATOS, GIANINA H. PUNZALAN, CRISTINA H. REYES,
PETER RAMIL REYES, RUTH JEAN B. SOLANO, WILFREDO C. TORREDONDO, NARCISO VILLAMOR,
ERLINDA S. VILLANUEVA, OSCAR H. VILLAS, GUILLERMA B. ALCONIS, AGNES CAMPO, JOCELYN
CLEMENTE, AMADO B. ESPANOL, LEONILO G. GONZALES, FE A. MENDIZABAL, TERESITA
MORANARTE, ERLINDA P. ROMULO, FLORA TANGCO, HONARIO T. TORRENUEVA, WILMA
YNGENTE, SUSANA N. ANTOLIN, JOEL U. BAUN, RHODORA C. BRUCAL, CARMELITA G. CAYABAN,
CARIDAD CLARIN, LIDINILA N. CONCEPCION FARIDA F. FLAVIANO, TEODORA B. MACARAYAN,
HILARIA G. MAGCULANG, HERNAN MARILLA, MONINA R. MENDRES, HERMINA A. MOLINA,
YOLANDA GIGI H. MOLINA, RHODORA C. PADILLA, SANTIAGO PALACPAC, JR., ROMMEL
PANGILINAN, DIANA JEAN N. PINAROC, MELANIE C. REY, MERCY L. REYES, HELEN RUTH BRIONES
TABION, MARIA AMELITA DJ. ORTIZ TAMAYO, LEONIDES VALERO NELIA F. VILLANUEVA, MA.
CRISTINA F. ABAYA, MACARIO A. BASCON, NANCY ROSE CAUGMA, ELIGIO T. ILDEFONSO, MA.
DELIA P. MEIMBAN, ROMEO G. MENDIZABAL, MICHAEL LL. TADEO, JOSE HENRY M. TALABIS,
MELCHOR R. TARUC, PONCIANO M. ARANEZ, REMEDIOS A. ASUNCION, EDILBERTA BUENO,
ELIZABETH F. CRUZ, ARACELI V. ESPINO, RICARDO A. FIAN, LOURDES JM. FLORES, MA. ELIZABETH
GALANG, JOSE C. MORALES JR., JOSELITO R. OCHING, JANET REYES, BENITO C. SORIANO,
MARCELO B. VALDERAMA, LINDBERG M. S. VALEROS, SARITA RENDON VALEROS, STEPHEN E.
ABELLA, MARIA FRANCIA ALFEREZ, FELY BALABBO, FE BOJOCAN, CARMELO Z. CAUSAPIN, NIDA
R. DEDEL, JOSEFINA S. DIMALANTA, MARIA TERESITA ESPINOL, BELEN FERNANDEZ, GERUNDIO
C. FERNANDEZ, HELEN LEE D. JIMENEZ, JAKE MAKI, ROSITA M. PINIANO, CHITO REYES, EFREN F.
REYES, EVELYN REYES, ENRICO A.O SANTOS, NELIE VALLANGCA VALENTE VILLANUEVA, MANUEL
D. ROJAS, PAULINA G. CASTRO, FANCY M. LEONES, ZENAIDA R. OPENA, FRANCISCO B.A
SAAVEDRA, ARNOLD L. SINZACA, MANUEL P.S. SOLIS, DEMETRIA STA. ANA, LALLYJEAN S.
AGUILAR, ELENA D. APOLONIO, RODOLFO A. DE AUSEN, MARITES O. DELFIN, EMMANUEL M.
ESGUERRA, NELSON ITLIONG, ALBINO A. BELEN, ROBERTO E. BELEN, FELIPE H. CALLORINA, JR.,
ANTONIO CENTENO, ERNESTO R. FRUTAS, JOSEFINA C. IGNACIO, PEDRITO N. KALALANG, BELLA
P. MILLO, TIRSO P. PARIAN, JR., CERLINO ALMENDAREZ, WILLIE V. AMBROCIO, MA. TERESA G.
AQUINO, JUANITA BAUTISTA, CELODONIO C. BERNABE, REMEDIOS T. BLAQUERA, ALICIA
CASTILLO, ANITA D. ESPARES, JOEL FLORES, CITA G. GERADA, ROBERTO O. IGSOC, ANNALISA V.
JAVIER, VICTORIA B. MALACAD, ANTONIO C. MANILA, EVELYN MENDEZ, LERMA M. MENDOZA,
EUFEMIA NUCUM, LEONVINA A. OLIVO, AMIE T. RABANG, LILIA J. RADA, DELAGIA D. ROBEL,
DEGNISITA G. SERRANO, PETRONIO TADIOSA, RODERICO A. TAN, CHARLITO VALDEZ, ALMA M.
VAZQUEZ, PEDRO E. VICTORIA, SERGIO ABUAN, RODOLFO ANGELES, MARTINIANO ROTOL,
MERLIE T. CASIGAY, THELMA F. CHUSON, ENCARNACION CONCEPCION, IMELDA CORTEZ,
OBDULIA B. DORADO, EVELYN S. ESTRADA, MARIO S. FERNANDEZ, RUPERTO E. GABUTAN,
SONIA R. IGAYA, RAYMUNDA O. LABUGUEN, AUREA LACHICA, LINA M. MANALAYSAY, SALVADOR
MANIOSO, BERLINA B. MANOSO, FLORANGEL MEDRANO, TERESITA S. MESTA, JOCELYN
MONTILLANO, LUZ C. PERALTA, SOFIO B. QUINTANA, YOLANDA B. QUINTANA, SANTOS RABARA,
ROSALINO R. ROMUALDO, MARIFE RUBA, CRISTETA RULLODA, RHORODA SANTOS, VICTOR SEE,
ELNORA G. TALEON, VIRGINIA V. TALEON, MELCHOR U. TAMAYO, MILAGROS VALDEZ, MARITA
WELGAS-BRIZ, VISITACION A. ZANO, ELVIRA D. AGPOON, VIRGINIA ANGELES, ISABELITA V.
AUSTRIA, ADELAIDA S. BALANZA, ORPHA B. BALILLA, FE T. CARPIO, LOIDA E. HUNAT, ROSEMARIE
LABIS, LUZ MARIA S. LANSIGAN, BONIFACIO RABANG, ANGELITA RECELI, BERTRAM SIGAION,
SARAH F. TUBIG, MYRNA M. VILORIA, LOURDES C. WAGAN, SILVERIA M. ANTOLIN, BONIFACIO
ARCE, MARINA ASIAO, PERIGRINO S. BAGUNU, ARISCALITA A. BAKER, MARIETTA L. BAL, NELY M.
BUTIC, MOISES H. BUTIC, GLORIA S. CABATIC, GERARDO T. CABREROS, BENJAMIN C. CARINO,
ERASMO M. CORTADO, EVANGELINE J. DE LEON, EVARISTO C. EUSEBIO, EDEN M. GAZAL, EVA M.
JACA, VELERIANO V. LADIA, JR., NORMA CASUCOG, FELIX L. LECHONCITO, MA. DOLORES M.
LEGARDA, RODOLFO P. LIPAOPAO, JR., LETY A. LORENZO, MARLON C. MELCHOR, ELPIDIO M.
MOLINYAWE, JUAN S. ODANGA, SUEMELITO V. PAA, VENIA T. RAYALA, FLORDELINO M. REY,
CARME T. ROSETE, CORAZON C. SALAMAT, ANASTACIO B. SISON, VICENTA F. GAERLAN, JULIET G.
TOLENTINO, GLORIA E. URBIZTONDO, ANDRA C. ABARQUEZ, THELMA S. ALCARAZ, SALVE A.
ASUNCION, ALLAN V. BARCENA, NERA S. BAYANI, NEMESIO E. BERONILLA, PIO P. BOTE, DOLORES
R. CATINDIG, CORWIN B. CECILLANO, ALEX A. CHENG, GERTRUDEZ C. CORTEZ, ARNULFO A.
ESCOBIDO, EUGENE V. ESTRADA, GENESIS J. FRANCISCO, VIVIEN O. GALEON, FLORDELIZA D.
GARCIA, MITCHELLE A. LACHICA, THELMA I. LAGMAN, MA. CAROLINA G. MELICOR, MA.
MAGDALENA E. MORENO, FRANCIONIE G. NONO, BERNARDO A. RESURRECCION, VILMA A.
SABADO, ELVIRA G. SABANDO, ALEJANDRO R. SIBUCAO, JR., WILFREDO H. ZAPANTA,
HERMENIGILDO S. ALLASCO, REBECCA BURGOS, MARIEL D. GARCIA, BELINDA M. LEAL, AGAPITA
MAGBOJOS, MA. LOURDES VICTUELLES, CARMELITA ALMENDAREZ, PERLA ABELLA, ESMERALDA
R. DE CLARO, LOURDES DECAMORA, ROMUALDO DELA CRUZ, RUFINO DIAROG, HAYDEE LATTO,
CARMEN MELCHOR, MERCEDES U. ULIBAS, EMY R. ZAPANTA, NELDA C. ABLAN, VENERANDO R.
ATUD, NESTOR A. BAMBALAN, PROCESO V. BAUTISTA, EMMA C. CONCEPCION, JUAN G. DAYAG,
ELISA Q. FARRO, EMILIE M. LICO, TEODORA B. PAJARILLAGA, CONCESA P. QUINONES, VERONICA
G. REY, TERESITA O. SERRANO, AVELINA VALDEZ, ELVIRA L. ADVINCULA, RENATO P. AGUILAR,
ROSALINA ALFORJA, LORENSO ALMENDAREZ, SATA H. ALTAP, JAIME AQUINO, DOMINICO
ARROBAN, JR., OCTAVIUS L. ASPACIO, MYRNA V. BERNABE, CRECENSIO R. CALDERON, JR.,
RUPITO C. CARACAS, PILAR F. CHUA, ENGRACIA M. CRUZ, MANUEL CRUZ, AGUSTIN DELASAN,
NATIVIDAD C. ESPIRITU, ROLANDO I. ETEROSA, EDEN FABIAN, LILIA A. FILAMOR, MIGUEL O.
GAPAS, ODENCIO GARCIA, PIEDAD R. GARCIA, BIEN GUICO, PRESENTASION O. HAZAL, MARILYN
B. LAGADAY, LORENZO LAMENDAREZ, ALEJANDRINO MANAS, ROMEO L. MANOSO, MELINDA
MARTINEZ, JOYBERT MIJARES, WENCESLADA A. MIRAN, TEOFILO V. OBLENA, AMELIA C.
OLIVERIA, SOCORRO C. PALENCIA, NELSON PANGILINAN, FAUSTINO PASON, ELIAS PATAL,
ANDRES PELA, AURORA V. PIOL, NOLI PRADO, ANITA C. RAMBAYON, EVANGELINE E RODRIGUES,
ROSE R. SUNICO, JULIETA F. TABERNILLA, SALVACION B. VAZQUEZ, EMILY VERANO, EDWIN
VILLANUEVA, JOEL V. VILLAR, SATURNINA VITE, DON ABARRIENTOS, JOSENDEL O. AGRA,
MARISTELA ARIEL, JOHN B. ARROBANG, ALBERTO A. BANATAO, FEDERICO M. BARREDA, PAULO
BERINA, RENATO M. BORJA, GENARO BORQUIN, FLOR A. CABUNOG, ELIZABETH S. CALDERON
FRESCILLA N. CALIMAG, CRISTETA A. CASTRO, MA. ELENA CONSTANTINO, MILA CORRE, RENATO
D. CRUZ, JOSEFINA L. DE LEON, RHODORA R. DE VEYRA, CONSOLADORA A. DIMARANAN,
ERNESTO R. DIONISIO, ERNESTO S. DIONISIO, JR., LIGAYA B. DIONISIO, OSCAR EMBERGA, PEDO
FALLARIA, MA. LOURDES V. FELICITAS, GRISELDA V. GALEON, CRESENCIO MAXIMO GARCIA,
MARY ANN GENEROSO, WHYLEEN SM. GONZALES, ANGELINA C. GREGORIO, SALVADOR B. JANA,
JR., LYNETTE T. LAROYA, OFELIA G. LIPORADA, GRACIANO MANUEL, BIBIANO H. MEJINO,
THEODORE MORAL, ANTONIO P. MORENO, JR., ANICETO D. ORDEN, IMELDA C. PANGGA,
CONSOLACION PANGILINAN, ROSITA P. PARINA, ELPIDIO N. QUITERO, MYRNA RAMOS, GLENDA
B. REFIL, MA. TERESA REFORSADO, HEIDI D. REGALA, RUFINA R. REYES, SUSAN H. ROQUERO,
AJIT RYE II, LEO J. SAGUGUIT, MARINO K. SANTOS, LINA D. SEGUNIAL, ALBA SORIANO, JESSICA
SORIANO, ROMEO B. TRONO, ANGELITA T. VILORIA, TIRSO ABAD, FEDERICO ABILO, LOLITA L.
ANOVA, OPRIASA ANTONIO, JERRY B. AQUINO, RODERICK ARAO, RENATO ARROYO, RUBEN
ASENSI, ERNESTO BALINGIT, ALBERTO A. BANATA, JOSEPHINE BARRIENTOS, MARCELINO
BERINA, WILFREDO BONILCA, ED C. BONILLA, FRANCISO BRAZA, ANONINA S. BRILLANTES,
ROGELIO O. CADADAN, RENE CALICA, TERESITA CALUMA, EDGARDO CAPARAS, ALEX M.
CARANDANG, MIGNON C. CARLOS, CRISTETA CASTRO, MA. ERLINDA B. CAUSAY, REYNALDO M.
CENTENO, DANILO CERVANTES, ELEJIA R. CHARIE, CARMEN G. CLUTARlO, MANUEL F. CRUZ,
DOMINGO DE GUZMAN, ABAS DE JESUS, ROMULO DEL MUNDO, JUAN B. DESPABELADERO,
GAVINO ESMERO, FIDEL C. ESTANISLAO, ROWEN A. EUSTAQUIO, CORAZON FERNANDEZ,
ALBERTINE FLORES, RIOLITA H. GALLEGO, MARCELINO GATCHALEAN, JIMMY GIDRAMA, RUFINO
GUTIERREZ, MERCEDITA S. HARING, MAY HARINGA, ROMEO P. IBARRIENTOS, BERLINO INFANTE,
JOSELYN V. VILLA, CATALINO LIMBO, ORIOSA LISING, BOYET F. LITA, ENRICO LIWANAG, ALTHEA
O. LOTA, VINA P. MACATANGAY NORBERTO MADADO, FLORINIA NADADO, JAIME NADADO,
CONNIE NAGAMOS, TESSIE NAGAMOS, AMALIA U. NELL, EDILBERTO OROCAY, RESTITUTO P.
PARDINAS, ROSITA P. PARINA, EUGENIO PATAG, FERMIN PAVIA, BERNARDO PENA, JOSEMARIA P.
PEREZ, ARMIDA D. PULLO, LAURO S. PUNZALAN, JUSTINA QUINORES, NANOY C. REANO, EDDIE
REYES, FRANCISCO ROMERO, SUSAN ROQUERO, WILFREDO RUZGAL, CONRADO SALAZAR,
ODENCIA C. SALVADOR, TEODORA B. SANDOVAL, RODANTE SANTIAGO, GLORIA SANTOS, JOSE C.
SANTOS, FLORANTE P. SOMERA, MELISSA B. STA. CRUZ, JOSE TABIGAN ANTONIO TALASTAS,
DOMINGO G. TARNATE, JR. IGMEDIO TIONGSON, STEPHEN U. TOLEDO, ROMEO UMAYAN,
BENJAMIN URBANO, MALOU B. VERA, JERRY VISTO, AUGUSTO YUSON, JOSE S. AGUSTIN, LEIS
ALEJANDRO, EDWIN E. ALLADA, ROLANDO ANDRADE, LHITA CABUNGAN, LOUIE CATUDIO,
REYNALDO M. CENTENO, DIOSMEDADO T. COCAL, EVANGELINE I. CORCUERA, REMY D. CORTEZ,
JONATHAN C. DANGA, FRED DE CLARO, MAURO DE JESUS, EFREN DE JUCOS, GEORGE DE LEON,
SHIRLEY DEPASUCAT, MARIA REYNA DONDAY, AURA ALELI P. DUIROS, DIONICIA DURANTE,
MARCELO ENRIQUE, FERDINAND ESPIRITU, MIRASOL ESPIRITU, RUBY T. FAMORCAN, JOSE C
FORTUNO, BEVERLY FRANCISCO, JOSE Z. GALLARDO, REYNALDO GANTONG, NILO GARCIA,
LONESTO GENOVEZA, FELIPE HERRERA, FELIPE G. ISIP, JR., RANDY C. MABANA, CESAR
MACAALAY, ROGELIO MANGILIT, EMILIO MANUEL, JOSE MARINAS, JAIME MATA, DANILO
MIANO, JOVITO NAROG, FELISA A. NUESCA, REYNALDO OLAHAY, ANSELMO PARANAS, JR.,
RESTITUTO P. PARDINAS, MARIAN G. PASCUAL, MARCELLANO P. PEREZ, NEIL PIAMONTE,
REYNALDO QUIROS, EFREN RAMOS, CARLOS RAMOS, MAMERTO RESURRECCION, QUINONES
RONILO, ARTURO C. SANTOS, M.C. SANVICTORES, ROMEO G. SUMULONG, AURELIO G. TAN,
JUNIFER TAN, TERESITA B. TOMAS, APOLLO URBANO, VITORIA B. VALDEZ, CONCESA L. ALDAY,
ELMER Y. CORPUS, ANNIE L. CORPUZ, ZENAIDA M. DE GUZMAN, MERLINDA V. DE JESUS, ISAURO
R. DOROSAN, MA. ELENA D. EBONA, LETICIA C. EUSEBIO, ALEJANDRO V. FERNANDEZ, EVITA B.
GARABILES, NELSON GARCIA, ROWENA M. HUISCA, JESSE LADISLA, JUVY P. LADISLA, RANDY
LAGUNILLA, LANIE A. MABANA, SAMSON MACOB, ANTONIO MAMMAY, RICARDO PALAGANAS,
LUNINGNING C. PANGILINAN, VILMA PORCADELA, ROGELIO RONQUILLO, MA. VICTORIA P.
SOMERA, MIRASOL R. TUGADE, DOMINADOR ABAD, BRICCIO P. ABAN, KELVIN C. ABARRA,
NESTOR ABENIS, SYLVIA C. ABUNGAN, (ATTY.) ANSELMO ABUNGAN, ELENITA A. ACUNA, DANILO
C. ADINA, PETRONIO C. AGUILA, SYLVIA S. ALCANTARA, MARCELO ALILIO, ROMEO L. ALMEDA,
NORBERTO ALMERINO, LUISITO M. ALMOGELA, DAHLIA R. ALMOSARA, JOEL P. ALMOSARA,
CATER AMBROSIO, EDITHA A. AMISCARAY, MA. VICTORIA I. AMORES, LEONARDO APIL,
ANTONIO N. APOSTOL, JR., NENA T. AQUINO, PATRICIO M. ARAGON, JR., SYLVIA ARBOLEDA,
JOSE P. ARZADON, MARIO ASIS, ADELAIDA AUAYANG, MARIO A. AURELIO, ROBERTO M.
AVELLANA, TERESITA J. AVENTURADO, EMOLYN E. AZURIN, EDITHA BACHAR, GLORIA M.
BACONG, GERONIMO BADULIS, JR., GLADIOLA M. BAGADIONG, AMELIA G. BALAIS, FEDERICO A.
BALANON, RODRIGO BALILLA, JOFFER L. BALLESTEROS, TERESITA P. BALMES, ANITA B. BAURA,
CRISANTO A. BAURA, JR., SERVIN BAUTISTA, GABINO BELLEZA, FLORENCIA P. BENOSA, DANNY
BERCHES, HERNANI BERNAL, ELVIRA V. BERSABE, ISMAEL C. BOCO, MARCIAL BENJAMIN
BUNGOLAN, FELY A. BOSTON, ANGEL A. BRAVO, RAUL BRITANICO, LILITA G. BROCES, EDUARDO
S. BUTIERREZ, JOSEFA C. CAABAY, MICHAEL B. CABALDA, SIROLAN B. CABE, CESAR B. CABRERA,
BENJAMIN S. CADAWAN, JR., VERONA J. CALAMANAN, ADELAIDA B. CALOOY, ROBERT F.
CALUGAY, JUANITO CALVEZ, NECITA M. CAMANGONAN, SATURNINO Y. CAMANGONAN, JUAN G.
CANLAS, FRANCISCA D. CANUEL, ARTURO D. CANUELA, EVELYN CANUELA, JESUS CANUELA,
NELIA D. CANUELA, AVELINO C. CAPARAS, RICARDO R. CARINGAL, MA. LOURDES CASIMIRO,
ARCADIO I. CASIS, DANIEL C. CASIS, ELENA C. CASIS, ROBERTO S. CASTILLO, FEIPE P. CASUNCAD,
JUANITO A. CATOR, RENATO CATOR, JONAS R. CHECA, RENE A. CILINDRO, ELWIN B. CINCO,
ROSALINDA CIPRIANO, JOSE MARIE CLOMA, MARJORIE COLLADO, ELVETA C. COMSTI, ALLAN
ANTONIO C. CONDA, APOLONIO V. CRUZ, FE C. CRUZ, FLORDELIZA CRUZ, LEODEGARIO CUEVAS,
OLIVER CUEVAS, REMEDIOS CUEVAS, GLORIA T. DACANAY, MARIBEL DAMIAN, MARY ANNE C. DE
CASTRO, CESAR S. DE CHAVEZ, ANICET F. DE GUZMAN, AURELIO DE GUZMAN, JOSE C. DE
GUZMAN, RUBY B. DE GUZMAN, BERNARD DE LARA, ALFONSO S. DE LEON, DANILO DE LEON,
RETITUTO C. DE LEON, EDWIN L. DEVERA, HAROLD T. DE VERA, CESAR M. DE VEYRA, ANACLETO
C. DEL MUNDO, ALFONSO P. DELA CRUZ, JR., EMERITA M. DELA CRUZ, HELEN T. DELA CRUZ,
RIZALYN C. DELA CRUZ, SERVILLANO R. DELA CRUZ, JOSE DELA FUENTE, WILFREDO C. DELA
FUENTE, ARNOLD DELGADO, JAIME DELOS REYES, MANUEL T. DEPANES, ANTONIO DEQUINA,
ROLANDO D. DESTACAMENTO, MARIETA L. DETERA, PRESENTACION C. DIEZ, RAUL S.
DIMALANTA, WENCESLAO DIZON, EDWIN G. DOMINGO, MELANIO O. DONES, JR., ESTELITO
DOROSAN, ISAURO DOROSAN, JR., CHARLIE M. DULAY, ESTEBAN DULAY JR., SATURNINO DULAY,
MA. AIDA C. DUROY, RIZAL P. ECHECHE, GASPAR G. ESCOBAR, GASPAR T. ESCOBAR, ALICIA S.
ESGUERRA, JACKSON I. ESPERO, LILIA ESTOPAGE, DIGNA G. EVANGELISTA, REYNALDO
FALLESGON, ROQUE M. FAMILARA, JERRY FARINAS, NIEVA FARINAS, NARCELYN FELIPE, ERNESTO
H. FELIX, MARIANNE V. FERNANDEZ, ALVIN LUCIO M. FERNANDO, ALFREDO V. FERRER, NOEL V.
FERRER, ELENA G. FETIZA, AUGUSTUS C. FLORES, SANTIAGO R. FRAGANTE, MA. LUISA
FRANCISCO, EDWARD FRANCO, HELENITA EVELYN FRANCO, NOE FREOLO, EDUARDO VICTORIO
FREYRA, EDITHA P. FRIGILLANA, TEOFILO D. FRONDA, ESTER M. FRONTERAS, HELENA GADDI,
ROBERTO D. GADDI, FELISA C. GALARAGA, ELLEN GRACE R. GALISTE, RESTITUTO G. GALO,
MAXIMO V. GARCIA, JAIME M. GATAN, MARIO GUERRERO, ANTONIO GUINSING, JR., ANGELINA
P. GUTIERREZ, AURELIO P. GUTIERREZ, HERMINIO O. GUTIERREZ, NELIA C. HALCON, LOURDES V.
HERNANDEZ, DIONISIO S. INCIONG, MARIO Z. JANDUMON, RICARTE JAVELOSA, ADONIS S.
JAVIER, ANGELO JAVIER, LOUELLA G. JIMENEZ, LYNDA JIMENEZ, NONITA JORDAN, ROLANDO
LACANDASO, ELIZABETH C. LACSAMANA, BERNARD LANUZA, PATRICIO B. LANUZA, SALVIO B.
LASERNA, FLORINIO B. LAZO, RODOLFO M. LEE, BEATRIZ D. LEGASPI, AMOR M. LIM, JAIME D.
LOMABAO, REGINA LOPEZ, REBE M. LOZANO, DANILO N. LUCAS, EDEL LUPOS, CESAR LUCERO, SL
MIRA, PATERNO M. MABASA, RAMON V. MACABUHAY, EDITA M. MACALALAD, DIGNA V.
MACAPAGAL, LOUIE MADRID, POSALITO MAESTRO, ENRIQUE S. MAGLANQUE, WENCESLAO
MAGO, ERNESTO A. MALICAD, MA. SOCORRO A. MALLARE, CLARO JOSE C. MANIPON, ELEAZAR
C. MANDARING, ELVIRA MARANAN, GERARDO MARCIANO, SALVADOR MARTIN, ELENITA
MARTINEZ, CRISOSTOMO V. MASANGKAY, MAXIMO MATURAN, CONCHITA J. MEDINA,
LAMBERTO R. MELAD, EDUARDO MELEGRITO, (ATTY.) ADORACIO MENDOZA, ARLENE
MENDOZA, BERNARDO N. MENDOZA, LUIS C. MENDOZA, TITA M. MENDOZA, GINA MAY P.
MERCADO, TERESITA L. MIDEL, JULIET M. MIGUEL, VIRGINIA B. MILANO, CONRADO MIRANDA,
LIDA R. MIRANDA, LEOCADIO MOLINA, ALEJANDRO M. MONTERO, JR., BENJAMIN J. MONZON,
ELSA Y. MULA, PERFECTO NACAR, JOEL A. NATIVIDAD, RUBEN C. NATIVIDAD, GLENN MARCELO
C. NOBLE, NICASIO NOGUERAS, LIWAYWAY A. NUNEZ, ESTELA V. OSORIO, ELIZA PABELICO,
ERNANI BERNAL PADILLA, JESUS M. PADILLA, GERARD A. PANGILINAN, OMLYMPIA V. PARFILES,
ELMER PASCUA, ISABEL PASCUAL, MA. ISABEL M. PASCUAL, MELODIE PASCUAL, SALVADOR L.
PATA, PETRONILA PAZ, JOSEFA B. PELIAS, NESTOR PENA, ROLANDO PENA, RENE PERALTA, JOSUE
L. PEREZ, SIMEON T. PERMEJO, ALFREDO PERUCHO, REY V. PERUCHO, RENALDO J. POBLETE,
RAMON D. QUEBRAL, ROLENDO C. QUEMADO, EDNA V. RAGILES, ALVIN C. RAMOS, EMERITO
RAMOS, MAMERTO RESUBAL, ANGELA P. REVILLA, ALICE REYES, DAISY M. RICAFORT, WILFREDO
RICAFORT, RAMONCITO L. RIVERA, REYNALDO RODELAS, FLORO RODRIGUEZ, LILIAN A. ROLLAN,
ROMUALDO AGUILOS, ANGELO A. ROMULO, JOSE N. RONAN TIMOSHENKO RONQUILO, NENITA
A. ROQUE, BENJAMIN R. ROSALDO, FIDEL ROVIRA, LIBERTY RUBIN, LIBERTY L. RUBIN, MA SALLY
P. SAGRAGAO, REINHOLD PERFECTO M. SALAS, VIRGILIO SALAS, ALEJANDRO B. SALONGA EDWIN
B. SANTELICES, EMMANUEL A. SANTOS, FELIPE B. SANTOS, LETICIA C. SANTOS, ADRIANO R.
SARIAN, MA. CORAZON E. SERVANDO, RODOLFO SESPENE, FERNANDO G. SOJANA, EXPEDITO
SORIA, NORMA G. SORIANO, RONALD G. STO. TOMAS, LUCIO R. SUYAT, JOYCELYN F. TAAL,
BARBARA BABSI I. TABACO DELIA S. TALITE, ANUNSACION E. TAN, MARIETTA N. TAN, HERMINIO
G. TAQUIQUI, EDGARDO L. TOLENTINO, MARCELINA M. TONDO ANIANO D. TORRES, SALVADOR
D. TORRES, BEATRIZ L. TRINIDAD RICARDO P. UGALE, ALICIA S. UMEREZ, VIRGILIO B. URBANO
JOSEPHINE R. UYACO, RIZALINO N. UYACO, LOYOLA M. VALDEZ, JEFFREY VAZQUEZ, RODOLFO L.
VELASCO, JR., JOSELITO G. VELASQUEZ, EVELYN A. VIDAD, VICTORINO M. VILLAGRACIA, ARIEL
VILLANUEVA, CLARISSA G. VILLANUEVA, JOCELYN C. VILLANUEVA, WILFREDO VILLANUEVA,
RICARDO VILLARBA, TITO S. VILLARIN, CARMELITA B. YALONG, ROBERTO A. YAZON, LUCILLE Y.
ABAD, SILVESTRE L. ABAYA, ELIGIO L. ABRIGANA, ANGELINA O. ABRIL, LORENA AFRICA,
INOCENCIO A. AGRON, CRISTINA P. AGUILAR, ARLEAN L. ALAMARES, ADORACION L.
ALEJANDRINO, RUTH B. ALICER, ROSALINA V. ALMONEDA, ALFREDO ALVAREZ, ISABEL M.
AMISCARAY, OSROXSON L. AMPARO, ANGEL B. ANDEN, CAROLINA M. ANORES, THELMA P.
ARTIFICIO, ANTONIO A. ASADA, JR., MA. LUZ M. ASCANO, APOLINAR B. ASENCION, EDWIN
AZANON, ERLINDA M. BAGUE, ANGELINA R. BALAGTAS, RENATO T. BANAGA, VALENTIN
BARCENAL, ADELAIDA C. BARRIDA, BENJAMIN P. FATOLINA, MARCELO BAUTISTA, SIMPLICIO
BAYRON, CORAZON C. BERNIDO, GLENDA P. BILOG, ALAN M. BORRAS, TERESA L. BORRAS,
EVANGELISTA BORROMEO, BEVERLY R. BRIONES, NESTOR J. BUGADISAN, ADELINA DM. BULOS,
SYLVIA S. BUSINE, EVANGELINE M. CABATUANDO, EDUARDO T. CABILDO, ELIZABETH P. CABILDO,
EMMANUEL P. CAJIPE, JOSE N. CALAYCAY, VIRGINIA S. CALIX, LOPITO CALUAG, EMMA L.
CANCINO, ESPERANZA I. CANCIO, BUENAVENTURA E. CANSINO, PERCIDITA T. CANSINO, GRACE
M. CARLOS, PATRICIA ANDREA V. CARRILLO, SOLEDAD S. CASTANEDA MARILYN K. CASTILLO,
JEAN M. CASYAO, JUSTINA S. CERBOLLES, MARIA LUCIA C. COBAR, AVELINO COLOMA, ANA
ELENA L. CONJARES, ALVARO CORDERO, ESTRELLA B. CORTEZ, DANILO A. CUYCO, RUBEN
DACOCO, ROSITA R. DAROY, DENIA A DATO-ON, PABLO DE CASTRO, MARIO M. DE GUZMAN,
ROLANDO DE GUZMAN, AZUCENA C. DE VERA, CECILIA M. DE VERA, LOUIE A. DE VERA,
NATHANIEL B. DE VERA, SALVACION O. DEAN, SOLIDAD Z. DEL CASTILLO, ADELAIDA Q. DEL
ROSARIO, ARMANDO DELA CRUZ, FE M. DELA CRUZ, IMELDA S. DELFIN, DANILO D. DIAZ, FE R.
DISCAYA, EMERANCIANA B. DURAN, JAVIER M. EDUARDO, ELIXA ENRIQUEZ, SOFRONIO
ENRIQUEZ, LUZ V. ESGUERRA, JAIME B. ESTEBAN, MERIAM F. FABRIGAS, LOURDES G.
FERNANDEZ, LOURDES R. FONTANILLA, ROBERTO FONTANILLA, REY M. GABRIEL, RICARDO L.
GALLARDO, CORAZON M. GARCIA, NARDO Q. GARCIA, TEOFILO Y. GARCIA, TEOFILO Y. GARCIA,
IRENEO GERILLA, NOEL B. GERILLA, ALFONSO GRAFIA, JUANA S. GREGORIO, LEONARDO G.
GUMASING, LUZVIMINDA M. IGNACIO, RESTITUTO B. ILAGAN, ABELARDO A. INOVERO,
DOMINGO P. JACINTO, REYNALDO P. JACINTO, GLENDA S. JAVIER, GLORIA JIMENEZ, REYNALDO
S. JIMENEZ, JESULITO B. JUNIO, JULIETA JUSON, JOCELYN S. LAGARDE, ALICIA F. LAGUNZAD,
LUNINGNING M. LANSANGAN, LUVIMINA G. LANUZA, AVELINA G. LAPADE, DOLORES M. LAZO,
RHODORA LEONIN, TEOFILO V. LEONIN, JR, LEONARDO S. LEOPANDO, LAURA F. LEYVA,
CRISANTO LIMEN, ROEL LOTERINA, PABLITO MAAT, RUBY LIZA J. MAGLALANG, WILFEREDO
MAGSAMBOL, HILARION E. MAMARIL, MILA A. MANALO BENJAMIN F, MANDINGUIADO,
AURELIO MANINGAS, ANGELES MARCELO, EDITHA A. MARCELO, VERONICA J. MARCELO,
RONNIE MARCOS, REYNALDO R. MARIANO JOHNNY R. MARIN, BENEDICTO E. MARISFOSQUE
JOHN M. MARQUEZ ALEJANDRO J. MATEO, JOHNYLEN V. MELENDEZ, JORGE MENDOZA, JULIETA
C. MENDOZA, LUCY MENDOZA, QUIRINO M. MENDOZA, MYLENE M. MOLO, NELIA M.
MONTILLA, DEMETRIO A. MOOG, ERLINDA NATERA, JOSEFINA G. NATERA, NICANOR P. NICOLAS,
CARL M. NOHAY, VIDAL T. OLANDA, JOSEFINA J. OMANDAM, CELIA M. OPRENARIO, NORMA L.
PABLO SAMUEL D. PABLO LAMBERTO E. PALAD, FRANCISCO A. PANCHO, ROMEO PARADERO,
VANGELINE K. PARAMI, RENATO H. PECHO, REYNALDO V. PEDREGOSA, CECILIA T. PEREZ, MARY
AGNES PEREZ, CHRISTINA A. PETRACHE, FEDERICO L. PINEDA, JR., LAURA R. PINEDA, MYRNA E.
PIQUERO, EDGARDO E. POBLETE, DIOSDADO A. QUIAMBAO, BERNARDINO H. QUIZON, BOGAR
G. RACHO, MANNY G. RAMA, ANGELITO F RAMOS, AURORA D. RAPADAS, ANTONIO E. REFRE,
ROSALINO B. REJAS, ESTRELLA D. RELUNIA, EDILBERTO A. REMENTILLA, SOTERO RESILVA,
ROLANDO Y. REYES, GERARDO M. ROBLES, MARISSA ROBLES, CRISPINA M. ROSALES,
BERNADETTE C. SABLAN, CESAR M. SALABIT, MA. TERESITA A. SALABIT, ARTURO F. SALIH,
VIRGILIO R. SANTIAGO, FLORA L. SANTOS, GABRIEL SANTOS JR., IBARRA S. SANTOS, JULIETA E.
SEGUIS, ROSALIE SEMANA, ELVIRA SOMBRION, RODRIGO TABIOS, ESTELLITA U. TABORA,
ANGILEO P. TAGUIBAO, CARLITO G. TAMBOOM, MERRIAN DC. TANGONAN, RICARDO
TEMPLONUEVO, ANTONIO E. TIONG, MITOS M. TOLENTINO, LUZ G. USMAN, FLORANTE M.
VALDERAMA BALDOMERO VALENZUELA, ANA MARIA S. VELUZ, ERNESTO S. VENTURA, CRISOL P.
VILLANUEVA, PORTIA T. VILLEGAS, ARMINDA F. VINAS, MAGNO B. YOSHISAKI, MA. TERESA
YULO-NAZAREA, BRAHIM T. ABAS, RAUL G. ABIQUE, LEZA A. ACORDA, ADELIA F. AGUILAR,
REYNALDO P. ALLANCES, BERNADETTE M. ANGCO, CLARISSA C. ARIDA, LEONITA D. BAETIONG,
EDNA R. BARLIS, SONIA R. BARLIS, BERNA A. BONDOC, NANETTE BORJA, CORAZON S.
BUSTAMANTE, VICTORIA ORMIN R. CABRAL, WILLIE A. CANDELARIO, ARLINA G.A. CANTADA,
ARACELI CANTRE, JERRY CAPULONG, JEANNIE C. CASAURAN, REBERTO CO, EMERLINDA N.
DACARA, TERESITA T. DAVID, ELENIDA DEL ROSARIO, MANUEL DELA CRUZ, VICENTE DIAZ,
LERMA DIMAYUGA, BERNARDITA M. DUNGO, ANTONIO P. FAJARDO CHARLES C. FORONDA,
AURORA V. GALVEZ, DAVINA CLEOFE GONZALES, NICK D. GUILLERMO, REBECCA P. GUITERREZ,
JOSEFINA P. HIPOLITO, EVELYN R. INCIONG, IMMACULADA F. LA ROSA, ANABELLA C. LABORTE,
NAPOLEON R. LAPUZ, AMY LECCIONES, SAMUEL LIBOON, DEAN R. LOPEZ, MYLEEN Z. LUZ
MERLINA G. MABUTOL, ALBERT A. MAGALANG, ROMANA B. MAGAT, VICTORIA MALIHAN, JAIME
MALLARE, REMY MAMON, ELVIRA T. MANALO, ANDRES G. MANUELE, EVALINDA MERCADO,
MA. GERARDA MERILO, FATIMA MOLINA, JOSEPHINE L. MONILLA, EDWIN ROMEL N.
NAVALUNA, PERSEVERANDA-FE OTICO, FELIX A. PASCUA JR., MARINELA T. PASCUA, ALBERTO C.
PECHO, TERESITA PERALTA, ELVIRA D. PIMENTEL, CRISTINA S. PIZARRO, ISAGANI R. POTES,
HARRY R. QUIAOIT, LINDA A. QUIOCSON, SOLON C. RATIVO, MARCELINO R. RIVERA, JANE G.
RODRIGO, DAMIAN P. RUBIO, ESPERANZA A. SAJUL, ELVIRA L. SALVANI, MARICHU SANTIBANEZ,
VIRGILIO G. SANTOS, GERI GERONIMO, R. SANEZ, REBECCA E. SARACHO, MA. CECILIA B. STA
INES, PEDE SUMILDE, JESSIE TANOLA, ROMEO T. TARRAY, DOLORES F. TOLENTINO, GRACIOLO DS.
TORRE, EDGARDO TORRES, ENRICA I. TUMBAGAHAN, MA. LOURDES P. VARGAS, RENATO
VENGCO GRACE L. ALMERO, JUANITA P. ARSOLON, LETECIA M. CENDANA, ELIZABETH A. CHUA,
MABEL C. CRISPARIL, MANUEL T. ESCASURA, JUANITA G. FERNANDEZ, VIRGILIO O. FERRER,
DELIA P. GEDALA, LAURO M. HERMOSURA, NATIVIDAD V. IGAYA, ROSABEL T. JOSUE, EVELYN V.
LLAMAS, ANNIE LOMIBAO, ARLINE LUNA, BRILLA P. MALAMUG, ADELINDA L. MANALILI,
ROMUALDO S. MERCENE, JANET MIRANDA, LYDIA NUQUE, FRUCTUOSA R. OBAY, CATALINA G.
PRESTOZA, ROLANDO P. RANES, JULIETA RIVERA, LOURDES T. SELLEZA, JESUSA A. VELASCO,
YOLANDA A. VERDIJO, JOSE VIDAL, FLORA ABADIN, ROMMEL D. ABAN, ALLEN M. ABLANG,
NORMA N. AGIR, RODRIGO AGIR III, MARDONIO M. ALCANTARA, ROSALINDA ANGER, DANILO T.
ANONUEVA, REMEDIOS M. ANONUEVO, BONIFACIO APOLONIO, MARIO G. AQUINO, MA.
CHONA ARISTOTELES, DICK G. BACUNO NILDA C. BALAMONG, ARTHUR M. BALATBAT, FLORANTE
G. BONGALON, CEPRIANA S. BORJA, CRISANTO BRUSAS, RUFINO M. BUSTAMANTE, MELICITA
CAPULONG, AMADEO G. CARDINO, BONIFACIO CARLING, LULU C. CORALES, JIMMY J.
CRISOLOGO, CELIA J. CRUZ, NOEL C. CRUZ NORBERTO G. CRUZ, AMBROSIO DAGUPAN, MA.
THERESA M. DATU, JAIAME C. DE GUZMAN, ROLAND A. DE JESUS, MONA LISA F. DE OCAMPO;
SONIA C. DIMACULANGAN, LAUREANA C. ESTOROQUE, PABLITO ESTOROQUE JR., MARIO M.
ESTRELLA, ANGEL FERNANDEZ, ZENAIDA P. FERNANDEZ, EVELYN C. FLORES, VERONICA T.
GARCIA, JOSE M. GATONGAY, ARIEL A. HIMOC, BONNIE P. LISING LOTA S. LIZARDA, RUFINA
LOPEZ, EDGARDO K. MAGNO, RODELIO M. MALICAD, ZENAIDA MALLETE, MARILYN V.
MANGEURRA, CONSTANCIO MARIROSQUI, HIDELISA P. MARQUEZ, ROSARIO J. MENDOZA, ELISA
N. MOLA, NILO A. NERA, JUSTO NEYRA, JR., ANACLETA P. NILLO, RIBOMAJAL A. OBA, RODOLFO
N. ORTIZ, MARITES O. PADOR, MA. VICTORIA P. PAELMO, MA. JANET PASCUA, ROMEO C.
PASCUBILLO, ESTELITO PENA, JOSIE S. PEREZ, ZENAIDA T. RABAYA, JOSEFINA D. RAMOS, JENNIE
P. SALVADOR, RODOLFO S. SANTOS, LORETA C. TABAS, RAMONITO TALABUCON, PATRICIA N.
TALAMISAN, JULIE N. TANGUILIG, NUNILON R. TANGUILIG, DOMINGA D. TOLENTINO, CLYDIE
TORRES, ABRAHAM R. VILLANUEVA, AGNES VINUMA, LUZ ANACTA, EDUARDO BALLESTEROS,
RUBY BAUTISTA, ELIZALDE BERANIA, CHARLITA BONGALON, ESTER CADANO, ALMA CRISTINA
COLLADO, EVELINDA CORONEL, BRIGIDA CORPUS, HILARIA DEZA, LUCIA DIAGCO, CRISTINA
ESGUERRA, EDNA ESQUILLO, RHODORA ESTRELLA, CECILIA FRANCISCO, EMELLINA GAMBA,
MARCELA GARCIA, DIVINA GATMAITAN, ASUNCION GERVACIO, MA. ASUNCION LAQUINDANUM,
LYLEEN LIBAN, ZAIDA LIBAN, BERNANDINO MANOSO, MARITESS PABLO, ANITA PANER,
EDERLINA RABE, JOSE RABE, ROSALIA REBULLANTE, ROBERTO SABELLA, JUDITH SADALIA,
CIELITA SARMIENTO, LUTHER VILLAMIN, ANITA A. AALA, MARILOU L. ABARRO, PORFIRIO L.
ALCACHUPAS, ISABEL V. ARANZAZU, ROSIE L. ARENAS, CLARO S. ASTOVEZA, SUSAN C. BONDOC,
DOMINGO BRAVO, MARIANITO Z. CAJUCOM, SOFIA T. CAMPOS, SONI G. CASTILLO, CRISTINA D.
COMIE, ADELINA G. CORTIGUERRA, VIRGINIA DE. SAGUN, DANIEL DELOS SANTOS, NIDA C.
DILAN, SELFA C. FERNANDEZ, LIGAYA G. GARCIA, MARLYN A. GARCIA, SONIA B. IBANEZ,
BONIFACIO S. LABANGCO, SR., JEAN LADIA, PERLA G. LORENZO, VIRGINIA B. LUNA, EDNA C.
MABULAY, MARILI T. MALASAGA, MELE T. MALASAGA, MA. TERESA E. MAPILI, DAVID P.
MARIANO, FRISCA P. MAYAMAYA, MARLENE S. MELARPIS, ROLAND P. MENDOZA, VENER C.
MERANA, LAMBERTA N. MERENA FELISA G. NARCIDA, NORMA M. NORIEL, FRANCISCO PANGAN,
APOLONIO C. SALANGA, JR., CARLOS E. SANCHEZ, SOFREMEO F. SANTIAGO JR., LUISA L. SANTOS,
SOFIA S. SOLACITO, GENOFREDO S. SOLMARIN, VIOLETA G. SORIANO, JUAN STA ANA, SANNY B.
SULIBA, CARMELITA P. TAMARGO, ANTONIO P. TULLAS, JR., VIOLETA A. VELA, CHONA C.
ZAMORA, MA. THERESA P. EMPAYNADO, MABEL GRASPARIL, EDMUND RAUL KAABAY, JR.,
MAGIN LABANGUIS, REY B. SELLEZA, PERCIVAL VALDEZ, NORMA C. VASQUEZ, JUDY ABLAN,
MARIBEL M. ALCANTARA, ANGELITA C. AUKAY, MARLENE M. BADILLA, DOMINADOR L. BIGSOT,
ABRAHAM D. CABALSE, EUFRECINA T. EUSEBIO, MARLON Q. GA, JOCELYN P. ILUSTRE, PERCIDA
G. NORTON, GODOFREDO RAMONES, ELISEO A. VILLASTIQUI, ELY R. YRA, VIRGINIA D. CADAVIS,
CONSOLACION CAYABYAB, PATROCINIA A. DIMAGUILA, JOLIZA O. ENCISA, LUCILA M. FELIX,
SALVACION T. GALLEGO, ELVIRA GEALON, WILMA T. LAGRIMAS, REMEDIOS B. LIBERATO, JAIME
MADAMBA, BERNICE R. MANALATA, VILMA S. PALMES, EMPERATRIZ R. PIOQUID, LIGAYA R.
SAMSON, ROSALIE M. SANCHEZ, MARCEBENI D. TALABUCON, LILIA C. TAMAYO, MERCELINA A.
TUBALLA, ELDA Y. ZURBITO, ROWENA ANDAYA, JACINTA B. ANONUEVO, BEATRIZ N. BELEN,
TERENCIO CADUYAC, RAMON C. DELA FUENTA, MIGUEL C. FERNANDEZ, DOLOR MORADA,
CLEMENCIO C. PAJARILLO, ELENILA PASCUAL, TERESITA ADA, MARIO AQUINO, ROLANO
BAGUNU, MARGIE I. BALLESTEROS, ROMULOS BELTRAN, ANTONIO CORIA, EDWIN DELA CRUZ,
YOLANDA DELA CRUZ, ERLINDA ESTRELLA, AURELIO GUERRERO, MANUEL H. HIZOLA, RUBEN A.
MAGTIBAY, NICOLAS MASANGKAY, FRACTUOSA R. OBAY, LIGAYA PASCUAL, NECETE PASTORFIDE,
TRANQUILINO PUNZALAN, MYRNA P. SUNIO, ARMANDO VILLAFLOR, MARIANO VILLANUEVA,
REMEDIOS ANONUEVO, RIBOMAPIL CLOA, MARINA COLLANTES, ERLINDA DIMAPAWI, HEDELISA
MARQUEZ, MA. VICTORIA PAELMO, ILUMINADA SABORRIDO, DOMINGA D. TOLENTINO, MA.
VICTORIA ABRERA, ALFREDO AGACETA, JR., WILFREDO ANONUEVO, VERGILIO BAGTAS,
ROBERTO BERNAL, LORETO BOQUIREN, RAMIR BUIZA, CELSO BULADO, NOEL CASTELO, WILIAM
DELA CRUZ, GRACIA DIAZ, ROBERT ENCISO, ANTONIO FAJARDO, ROMEO GIANAN, JOYCELYN
GOCO, JOSE GONZALES, TEMOTEO IDEA, EMMIE IGNACIO, MA. VICTORIA LANDICHO,
MARCIANO MANIEGO, CECILIA MERCADO, REGULO QUEJADA, ARNEL ROMERO, MANUEL
SABATER, NELIA SANTOS, AMELIA DULCE SUPETRAN, ERNESTO J. ANDRES, LIBRADO S. GESALTA,
LORNA JEAN H. PALAD, PABLO SALIGAN, ZENY DE GUZMAN, LORETO GALLER, EMMALYN C. TRIA,
SEVILIO D. DAVID, PASENCIA A. VOTACION, LEONIDO J. AMANTE, ALMA M. SACOPLA, MARIETA
CABREROS, EUGENIO O. DIAZ, JR., GUENDOLYN C. BAMBALAN, GUYETO CABADING, MA.
THERESA ENRIQUEZ, MA. VICTORIA V. DE CASTRO, BENJAMIN DEVERA, JAIME OBAR, RAUL
VARELA, STEPHEN C. ACEBEDO, ELEUTERIO AGBAY, ALMA G. ALMONEDA, ANTONIO S.
ARELLANO, FILIPINAS G. ATACADOR, MARIA M. ATIENZA, MAGAMPON Q. BABISTA, HERMINILDA
S. BALDEMOR, ANGELITA I. BALIGAD, EDUARDO J. BANAWA, CARLOS P. BASILIO, ALEJANDRO T.
BATUHAN, ROLANDO BELANO, MARIVIC BERNARDO, ADALIA A. BISCOCHO, NATIVIDAD B.
BITOON, VICTORIA P. BORAC, M. BURCE JR., YOLANDA M. BUSTAMANTE, PACITA C. CABANSAG,
GEMMA P. CAGUÑA, EDITHA T. CAPISTRANO, LOPE O. CARIÑO JR., EDUARDO M. CARPIO,
EDUARDO CAVIZO, ROSALINA C. CERNADILLA, ERNESTO C. CORPUZ JR., RENAN M. CRUZADO,
CRISTINA T. DE MESA, DANIEL C. DIAZ, DIOSDADO DOCTOR, ADELAIDA C. DUAD, INOCENCIA A.
DUMLAO, JAIME D. DYSUANGCO, BENJAMIN A. EMANUEL, MARIO EPAN, JR., VIRGINIA G.
ESCOBAR, JOSEFINA P. ESPERAS, ERLYN C. EZPELETA, ARNEL F. FERAREZA, AMELIA A. FINO,
DOMINGO FRANCISCO, TIMOTEO GAMIT, CRISTETA GARCIA, MILAGROS GERONIMO, GINALYN
GONZALES, QUINCHITA J. GRICALDA, RAFAEL JARILLA, JR., VALE JOSE EXEQUIEL, JR., LUZ P.
LAGUNERA, ROGELIO M. LAPUS, RODOLFO A. LOPEZ, PATRICIA MALIHAN, GLORIA
MANALANSAN, EVANGELINE MARCELINO, JOYCE J. MARCIANO, ELIZABETH Y. MATIBAG, CESAR
D. MEMORACION, SALVACION R. NOVINO, MARTINO B. OSITE, ELIZABETH PACUBAS,
SATURNINO S. PACUBAS JR., SERAPIO S. PAHIGDANA, LEMELIE PASCUA, ALMA A. PASCUAL,
ARNOLD T. PASIA, JAIME PEDROCHE, MARILOU L. PERALTA, HOMOBNUS PIDO II, ALFREDO G.
PUNO, MARIVIC S. QUIDES, MYRNA QUIPIT, PAULINO R. RECONDO, NELLIE REGINIO, JOSE V.
REYES, CHERRY B. RIVERA, SUSANA T. ROBOSA, YOLANDA RODRIGUEZ, DIANA A. ROMERO, REY
S. ROSALES, LUCIO G. SANTIAGO, JOBINO S. SEVALLA, ULYSSES J. SIGATON, SUSAN T. SOLOMON,
LUZVIMINDA B. TABLATE, ROWENA R. TESTON, ERLINDA TOLENTINO, JOSEFINA G. URRUTIA,
LILIBETH L. VELOSO, OSCAR VENTURA, JOSE VICTORIA, JR., ARNOLD N. VILLADOS, NOE L. ZETA,
EUGENIO ESGUERRA, ERNESTO ESPIRITU, DANIEL GARAS, MA. LEONORA PADILLA, MAXIMIANO
RAMOS, VILLELA REYNALDO, ANGELICA SAJONA, ROSARIO SANTOS, ANGELITA L. CRUZ, EDWIN
A. LLAGAS, LUCILA SEVILLA, MERCEDES D. AGALOOS, VICENTA V. ANONUEVO, DALISAY S.
AVELLANA, GERARDO BERNAL, LILIBETH L. CANDONITA, FLORNIDO P. CASTRO, WILFREDO
CINCO, LINO N. DIMAPILIS, TITA P. DUEÑAS, WILFREDO C. ECAMINO, MYRNA D. HABAGA, MARY
JUNE F. MAYCA, NENITA G. MONTOYA, EDITHA N. RECTRA, RICHARD G. SANDI, ROBERTO D.
SHEAN, JUSTINA Q. UMALI, VIOLETA B. VALERIO, TELESFORO R. VILLAMAR, DANILO N.
VILLANUEVA, EUGENIO U. VILLANUEVA, EFREN R. WAKA, MARIO W. ALBAN, EFREN AÑONUEVO,
VICENTA V. AÑONUEVO, ROSALINDA C. ANGEL, VIOLETA A. BUAGAN, ELENITA D. CABUEÑOS,
FLORIAN S. CANTOS, LOPE M. CARIÑO SR., ROLANDO G. CLEMENTE, AREJOLA P. CORAZON,
ANTONIO D. CORIA, VIRGINIA I. DELOS SANTOS, LILY S. DEROCA, ERLINDA A. DIMAPAWI,
RANDOLPH DISCIPULO, TITA P. DUEÑAS, ERMIE B. DAGDAGAN, CORAZON Y. FERNANDEZ, NIDA
G. GUARINO, GLENN HERALDO, ESTELA B. HERMOSURA, ADORACION U. HERNANDEZ, GONZALO
IMPERIAL, DOLORES S. LA GUARDIA, PERCIVAL LADUB, AGNES H LAGON, TERESA M. MAÑALAC,
ISAGANI V. MANALILI, CONSTANCIO F. MARISFOSQUI, VIRGINIA A. MELCHOR, RONALDO J.
MIRANDA, FRANCIS M. MIRTO, EDWIN M. MOJARES, ELISA D. MOLA, BENJAMIN MORTOS,
CLEMENCIO A. PAJARILLO, LAURO J. PANERIO, ELENITA G. PASCUAL, EXZER R. RABANG, EMILIO
RAMOS, VICENTE A. REGODON, ANDREA H. REYES, MA CORAZON V. STA ANA, ZENAIDA P. STO.
DOMINGO, ILUMINADA S. TALABUCON, ANNIE E. TANTOY, MARLOU D. VAQUILAR, NOEL B.
VELASQUEZ, NANCY V. VILLAPANDO, ELISA B. VILLAR, BELOISIE M. ALMAZAN, GLADYS B.
BOQUIREN, ELIZABETH CARIÑO, LIZ CARPIO, LORMELYN E. CLAUDIO, JOSE CORTEZ, ROLANDO
DE GUZMAN, NORBERTO A. DEL ROSARIO, VILMA C. ELPA, OTTO E. ESPILOY, ALLAN L. LEUTERIO,
EMMANUELITA D. MENDOZA, NICANOR E. MENDOZA, CONCEPCION C. OCAMPO, CARMELITA
M. PASSE, JOSE SALVADOR PASSE JR, MORENO M. PENALBA, ELVIRA P. PIMENTEL, VIRGINIA V.
QUIMO, NAP ROQUE, CESAR S. SIADOR JR., ILUMINADA SORIA, JULITO G. TANGALIN, GREGORIO
A. TOMILLOSO, FELICISIMO I. VICENCIO, RICARDO D. VICENTINO, RODOLFO ARELLANO, MYRNA
R. CORTEZ, EMMA N. CRUZ, CONCEPCION C. CUNANAN, NELSON ITLIONG, RESTITUTO S.
MAGPANTAY, CATHERINE F. MANALANSAN, HENRY B. MANDOCDOC, ISIDORO MONTOYA JR,
ANDREA A. RAMOS, ARSENIA E. SAN DIEGO, VILMA SANTIANO, PETRA T. TABUCOL, BRIGIDA T.
TACUBOY, MARILOU A. TIBOR, CORAZON R. VALDEZ, NESTOR U. VENTURILLO, MARILYN ACOB,
EMMA AGOT, DENCIO R. DADIS, MA. AVA DATA, NORLIE N. DAVID, IRENE S. DELA CRUZ, NESTOR
T. GUERREN, GUILLERMA LAGUMBAY, ANNA LEAH MELEGRITO, EDITO MISTA, BELEN C. NUNEZ,
ESTELA B. SARMIENTO, FRANCISCO TY, CYNTHIA L. AUSTRIA, CORITA M. BARTOLO, AMELIA L.
FLORES, PRISCILA M. MOLINA, CORAZON P. PEREZ, MANOLITA L. VELASCO, ANTONIO E.
VELOIRA, OFELIA B. VELOIRA, MEMORY FABIAN, ROSARIO MENESES, JULIANA M. ABEN,
REMEDIOS F. BONIFACIO, MA. THERESA M. ENRIQUEZ, OFELIA B. MENDOZA, LILY T. REYES,
NARCISA B. SESE, MA. THERESA M. VILLARUEL, JOHN R. ALMAZAN, DOLORES C. VELASQUEZ,
ALFREDO FERRER, ADGARDO CORPUZ, ANTONIO RODRIGUEZ, CONSOLACION B. CACULITAN,
NORA Y. CALIJA, YVONNE V. CARABEO, AIDA C. CORPUZ, ROSA P. DORADO, MINDA C. DUAD,
CECILIA B. HIWATIG, RITA CRISTINA V. LAPUS, CASILDA C. MAROHOM, CLEMENCIA A. MARQUEZ,
MAXIMA MATIBAG, EMELITA R MENDOZA, CRISNATA S. MONTRESCLAROS, TERESITA L. OBIAS,
CHONA R. PASTORFIDE, MERLY H. PATUNGAN, ALNA U. PINEDA, ANGELITO T. PINEDA, VILMA G.
QUIAMBAO, ESTELITA T. RAGASA, LUZVIMINDA L. RAMOS, NERISSA B. RAPANUT, CARMENCITA S.
SANCHEZ, ELSA M. SIGUE, ROWENA L. TEJADA, MYRNA M. TORREGOZA, LERMA AQUINO,
CORNELIA M. ARANETA, FERDINAND BANGCUA, REYNALDO BARBADILLO, ALFREDO A.
CLAVERIA, DAN JORGE CRUZ, ERLINDA O. DAQUIGAN, REBECCA C. DE VERA, ERLINDA B. DIZON,
MARILYN P. ESTADILLA, CATALINA G. GARINGARAO, MYRNA MALINAO, SILVESTRE C.
MANGAWANG, FLORENCIO C. NAVALED, NOEL D. OBRA, NELIO T. PAGLINAWAN, ANA MARIE
PASCUAL, ARTURO R. PRENDOL, OTELLA O. SANCHEZ, REYNALDO TEJADA, CRISANTO
BADENHOP, JEAN C. BORROMEO, ANA MARIA C. BUESING, MARIA TERESA CHAVEZ, GIL F.
FERAREZA, MARITES L. GALVEZ, MIGUEL B. JIMENEZ JR., RODANTE JOCSON, MICHAEL A. JOSE,
ARNEL H. LUZ, ARNEL C. MATREO, EDUARDA P. MERCADO, BENEDICTO P. MURILLO, MINDA A.
OSORIO, GLEN Q. PASTORFIDE, ISMAEL S. RUIZ, FE B. SENDIN, HENRY P. SORIANO, JOYCE
SORIANO, FLORENCE V. VELASQUEZ, PRUDENCIO M. VENTURA, ROY ALAN D. VIANZON, LORETO
H VILLAS JR., CELESARIA C. ZACARIAS, GEORGE P. ABAYA, ELIZABETH E. AMOR, LORNA ASIS,
IMELDA J. BALLON, LILIA M. BALTAZAR, AURORA I. BELEN, ELSA B. BURGOS, CORAZON D.
CALAMNO, FLORENCIO L. CARANDANG, CYNTHIA V. CARPIO, ADAMELIA DE ONON, AMPARO L.
DE RAMA, LUVIMIN L. DELA CRUZ, VIOLETA R. GARCIA, PERLA P. MUÑOZ, PAULINA D.
PAGUINTO, JOEL PAJARILLO, ENCARMILA PANGANIBAN, ERLINDA M. PARRENO, MA. SALVACION
M. PEREZ, ALBINA L. PINEDA, RAYMOND SANTIAGO, BRIGIDO G. SISON, REMEGIO SULLEZA,
TRAZON E. TUSCANO, MYRA B. VILLANUEVA, HENRY ABONETALLA, MARILYN BABAAN, ELISA A.
BERE, JUANITO J. BOLISAY, NORMA S. CABALLA, ELMER CALLOPE, ELPIDIO T. DE LARA, AGNES G.
DE LEON, GERARDO R. ESPIRITU, ONOFRE P. LAXAMANA, ANSELMO LEGASPI, CONSUELO
MAGAYANES, DELEON L. MAROHOM, MARIO MELGAR, CHOLITA R. ORTEGA, MODESTA S.
PADUADA, PATRIA C. PATRICIO, LORETA N. RAMIREZ, TERESITA C. SAN JUAN, FELICISIMA
SUMAGUE, SOLAIMAN TAWA, VICTOR TOLENTINO, ANGELITO M. VALENZUELA, DIOSDADO
VELARDE, ROBERTO M. BASCO, JESUS B. CRUZ JR., JOSEPHINE ESTRADA, LUCIA L. ESTRADA,
LIGAYA C. EULOGIO, LEONARD FALLER, DANILO J. GALAGNARA, MA. LOURDES P. GOROBIA, JUAN
ILARDE, ISMAEL R. JOSE, RICARDO P. MACALINO JR., ROPERTO MANALO, VIOLETA A. MARIANO,
NOBLEZA C. MERINO, PILAR C. MIGALANG, ALEJANDRO S. MINGOY, DANILO D. PONZALAN,
SERGIO TAMAYO, VIRGILIO V. URGEL, GLORIA VILLAMAR, JULIETA ACHICO, FREDDIE P. AGAZETA,
PEDRO AGONIAS, ALBERTO G. ALBERTO, CRISTINA ALTOAR, SALVADOR BACANI, LEONIDA
BALINGAW, IMELDA BAUZON, VIRGILIO BELGIRA, GAUDENCIA CABACUNGAN, LEONORA DAVID,
VIRGILIO D. ESTRADA, CORSINO GLORY, PRECIOSO A. LABUGUEN, BENJAMIN LACESTE, ROSITA
MACARANAS, FELIX MAURILLO, JOVENCIO PERALTA, RUBEN R. PRENDOL, CORNELIO RETUTA,
JERRY RETUTA, BENEDICTO P. RIVERA, CORNELIO TABLANTE, LEONILA VERGARA, LAMBERTO
VILLAFUERTE, OFELIA B. AYSON, EDITA M. BALANZA, ROLANDO M. BAUTISTA, OFELIA L. BUENO,
CARMELITA G. CAJIPO, TERESITA C. CANLAS, ROMEO C. ESTEBAL, IBANA FALLAR, ANASTACIO M.
FLORES JR., DEMOSTHENES GOTHIS, MENCHELITA M. GUCILA, EDMUNDO C. LAGRIMA, ALLAN
C. LEONCIO, MARVIN M. MORALES, DIGNA Z. OBSTACULO, CORNELIO O. PERALTA, CARLITO B.
POMBO, MARIETA R. RED, TRINIDAD A. TALARO, ADELA T. TONGCO, REGINA B. VILLADOS,
JESSICA R. ALMAZAN PERFECTO U. ALMAZAN, BERARDO BADERE, GENOVEVA A. BIGORNIA,
NATIVIDAD J. BOCAL, LORNA CABADING, EFREN E. CAWALING, AVELINA T. DURAN, ROMEO A.
FELIPE, CORAZON GARAPAN, ANITA B IBARDOLASA, MARCIAL M. JACOBIA, JOSE V. JARTEL, PIDO
LOUISA, BASILIO H. MORENO, CARONIA L. MURCIA, NONILA T. OMANA, AIDA P. PANGANIBAN,
SUSAN CULANE PAZ, ANITA Q. PEREYRA, MAMERTO C. PESTON JR., ROLANDO S. RABE, VILMA
SANSORONA, VICTOR TOLENTINO, LUZVIMINDA O. YAGAYA, JULIET S. AYENTO, DIGNO D. AYSON,
NORENA R. CIASICO, JOVENCIA L. FERNANDEZ, EMILIANO P. KEMPIS, EUFROCINA B. QUIJANO,
SIXTO E. TOLENTINO JR., AMPARO P. ABAYA, CRISTINA M. ARINGO, LEONILO WILLOU M.
BERANO, JOEY B. CASTILLO, BERNARDO CLARION, MATIAS V. CRUZ, ERLINDA O. DELGACO,
ERLINDA B. DIZON, SENECIO D. FESTIN, FLORENTINA C. VALENCIA, SARAH ABUNGAN, JUPITER C.
ALMAZAN, OFELIA BIRON, MAMERTO C. BOLIVAR, BIENVENIDO R. CINCO, METEDIO ESTRADA
JR., GINALYN GONZALES, ANTONIO M. LACHICA, NEMESIO RABAJANTE, NELZON TENIOSO,
HERMENEGILDO URRUTIA JR., VIOLETA C. VALDEZ, CRISANTO VAQUILAR, JOFRE B. ALTAREJOS,
EDGARDO L. BALDEDARA, RAUL SAUDE G. BECARES, RAMON R. BOADO, MELCHOR R. BORLON,
GEMMA CARINO, GEORGE M. CARPIO, CARMELITA S. CUNANAN, ONESIMO A. DE CASTRO,
PURIFICACION R. DE GUZMAN, LEOPOLDO S. J. DE JESUS, JOCELYN R. DELA CRUZ, DOMINGO U.
ESGUERRA, VIRGINIA R. ESTRELLA, OFELIA A HERNANDEZ, TRINIDAD JAVIER EUGENIA L.
LAGMAY, ANGELITA E. LIBIRAN, ARSENIO R. LIBIRAN, CARLOS M. LOPE, RODOLFO A LOPEZ,
CELSO MAALIW, ROMUALDO E. MENDOZA, CRISPULO A. OCAMPO, ANGELITA OLOG,
EVANGELINE O. OPO, MAXIMO L. PEREZ, JOSE PONPONILLA, SIXTO P. RIVAS, LYDIA C. ROMERO,
CATALINA F. SIGATON, JESUS S. VIJIGA, MYRA K. VILLAPANDO, GALICANO I. NER, OSCAR R.
LAVIN, ESTEBAN S. CARAG, GRACE M. VILLACRUSIS, JULIETA C. BONDAD, NILDA S. LINING, LUCY
GRACE C. BURGOS, MARIFE CHARO N. DOMINGO, MA. VICTORIA P. DA ROZA, NILDA CATALAN,
RAUL T. ORTEGA, EWARDO R. JOSON, PRUDENCIO M. DELA CRUZ, FRANCISCO L. CONDE, ARNEL
M. ZURITA, EDISON A. CALAOUR, VICTOR C. CANTOR, CARMELITA M. QUIRINO, AMBROSIO
ESTABILLO, ESPERANZA B. DALUSON, ALBERTO M. MADRILEJOS, ROLANDO C. MANALO,
RODOLFO R. RANCES, PHILIP A. PICHAY, REYNALDO C. ALAMPAY, RENE E. FAJARDO, CELSO A.
AGUILAR, REMEDIOS E. ABING, JOSEFINA M. GAWARAN, FRANCISCO S PANGANIBAN,
petitioners, vs. HON. ANGEL C. ALCALA, in his capacity as the Secretary of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, and HON. CARLITO R ALETA, in his capacity as the Director
of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, respondents.

[G.R. No. 110642. September 11, 1998.]

BERNARDO BALGOS, NICOMEDES C. AGBADA, EUFRONIO R. ALANO, JR., ERNIE S. ALINO,
CORNELIO A. ARTIENDA, CARY L. ASANA, TRANQUILINO ATIENZA, JR., JONATHAN A. AZUCENA,
ROY M. BARCERO, CLARITA S. BELONIO, WILFREDO E. CABEZON, CANDIDO A. CABRIDO, JR.,
AMELITA B. CALER, DAREF MARCELINO M. CANET, RONALD CANTONG, ALEJANDRO J. CATIPAY,
JR., HERMINIA COLAR, ELIZABETH A. DAYTO, SALOME G. DE JESUS, JOSEFINA ESTRADA, AURORA
M. FIGUEROA, MA ANGELITA A. GADDI, RIO L. GULAPO, MA. THERESA M. GUMABON, ANTONIO
A. GUNAY, GERARD HURTADO, ARIEL ILAGAN, WILMAR L. INFANTE, FLORECER M. LEACHON,
ANNA MA. VICTORIA LELINA, LIZA NONETTE A. MAÑIBO, EUGENIO P. MANUEL, EDUARDO A.
MENGUITO, ERIC AGAPITO NATIVIDAD, LEONIDES N. NAVEA, MA PERPETUA OCAMPO,
REDENTOR B. PACANO, ALMOND C. PALABRICA, ELMER T. PASCUA, CRISTY CRISTETA A. RAMOS,
HENRY B. RELLOSA, ROWENA M. RODANILLA, JOSEPH SALVADOR, CARMELLE GEORGINA SIENA,
CRECENCIANO I. SUAN, CESAR TAN, CECILIA T. VARGAS, GIL NOEL VILLANUEVA, ANALYN S. VISTA,
BENITO YU, JR., EDUARDO AKIATE, EARTHA G. ALINO, TERESITA ANASTACIO, JOSELITO O.
AVERION, ELINO BAGOSO, FERDINAND B. BARBERO, ELSA J. BAUTISTA, ELMER CALDERON,
FRANCIS CAMELLO, RENE CANARES, RODELIO B. CARATING, JULIETA S. CONSTANTINO, EASTER
LIZA CUETO, NANCY V. CUETO, MARIFE DELOS REYES, JERWYN L. DEMETRIO, EDUARDO DIOKNO,
MARGARET T. ESTANISLAO, MA. ARLENE M. EVANGELISTA, SALVADOR A. FABULA, IRENE P.
GERPACIO, ALMA GONZALES, RICHMOND GONZALES, BENIE E. ILAGAN, OSCAR JALALON,
JOSEFINA JONAS, ELEANOR M. LIGANOR, FLORDELIZA MALLARI, ROSARIO MAÑACAP, JOSE A.
MANANGHAYA, JULIET R. MANGUERRA, GLENN A. MANILA, ANGELITA C. MARCIA, CECILIA
MARQUESES, GINA MARZAN, RICHARD M. MOJICA, JOSEFINA MORALES, SANTIAGO
MOSQUEDA, MELCHITO B. NOCEDA, SEGUNDO PACARDO, SONNY PACUNLA, ALEXANDER PANO,
MA ENQUITA PANOTES, ROMMEL M. PARCASIO, IAN A. PEDALIZO, ROSANA PERMALINO, EVELYN
PITOGO, LOLITA POLIQUIT, LOURDES REGALA, MARIBEL REYES, JOVETTE TENORIO, HIDALGO
TOLENTINO, LUISITO TRINIDAD, MA. BLANCA A. VALDEAVILLA, EDGARDO YBURAN, ROWENA
ABELLANA, ARTURO ACOBA, PALMAREN AGACIA, FLORENTINO AGUSTIN, JAIME ALAN,
EDUARDO ALBERTO, MACARIO ANACAN, HENRY APOLINARES, EVELYN AUSAN, REBECCA BACUS,
MARYLOU BARATANG, LORENZO BERMILLO, LIGAYA BOBIS, MA. TERESA BOLOFER, ERNESTO
BRAMPIO, FLORA CABLIN, HENRY CACAYAN, LILIA CALICA, MA. ANA CASUPANG, CHARITO
CAUTON, ARMELYN Y. CLEMENTE, ROOSBELT CREENCIA, FRANCISCO CRUZ, MARCELO DAYO,
MARITES DE LEON, JANE DELA CRUZ, EDGARDO DELOS SANTOS, IMELDA DELOS SANTOS, RODEL
DELOS SANTOS, ELISA DIZON, SUSAN DUMOT, JOVEN ESPINELI, LEANDRO EVANGELISTA,
EVANGELINE FERRER, NESTOR FRANCISCO, CESARIO GEMINO, LAURO G. HERNANDEZ, RACHEL
HILARIO, MIGUEL IRACTA, OBEN LABONETE, JAIME LADANGA, ISIDRO LEGAN, ELMIE
MADRIAGA, DIOSDADO MANALUS, OSCAR MANOIS, CRISTINA MEDRANO, LILIAN MILLAN,
GLICERIO MONTALLA, MADELEINE NAVARCE, MA. ANA ORQUIZA, PINKY PADILLA, LUZ BRENDA
PAGLINAWAN, PURISIMA PAJARO, JOSEPHINE PASION, JOCELYN RAMOS, DOMINGO RODULFO,
DELIA SADIASA, VIRGINIA SALILI, GETULIO SAN JUAN, FLORFINA SANCHEZ, LEOLITA SIASI,
GLORIA TEJADA, FRANCIS TORRES, ERNESTO VALMEO, WILFREDO VELASCO, EPIFANIA VILLA
JUAN, RAFAEL ACENA, ELMER ADRAQUE, EDITHA AIZON, RIZALDY ALBERTO, RAMON ALOBBA,
ALAN ANIDA, BERTOLIO ARELLANO, VERONICA AVILA, MAY BABARAN, JOAQUIN BANZALI,
MARILYN CAACO, ROSE NELIE CABATLAO, JUANITA CALONGE, NILDA CAPANPANGAN, CECILIA
CAPUNO, TRINIDAD CARLOS, SALVACION CAS, AMADO CREUS, PEDRO DAILEG, VIRGINIA DAILEG,
NELITA DE GUZMAN, ROWENA DE GUZMAN, ALMA ARRO DEL ROSARIO, AMELYN ANG,
BERNADETTE ESPINOSA, ESTRELITA FIDER, REYNALDO GABALLO, NOEMI GABATO, ELMER
GABAYA, MARIBELLE GAON, LILIA GONZALES, CARISA GOSO, ROMEO HERNANDEZ, MYRNA
JOVELLANA, RONALDO LIM, GREGORIO LLANES, ROBERTO MABUTI, DANILO MACANSANTOS,
CRISOSTOMO MAMORBOR, MA. CONCEPCION MANZO, ROBERT MARGES, ANDRE JOHN
MARTINEZ, EUFRONIO MOJICA, HENRY MOJICA, LILIAN MONJE, MA. RAYSOLYN NATIVIDAD,
LAMBERTO NERI, NICANDRO OBEDENCIO, LISETTE ORENSE, LEA PARDE, JEFFREY PAYNOR, EVA
PUGAY, GODOFREDO RAMOS, CRISPINA RAYO, CECILIA RITO, SALVACION RITUAL, CRISTINA
SANGALANG, ELVIRA SEGOVIA, RENE STA. MARIA, GENOVEVA TULLAO, GLORIA URRIZA,
RESTITUTO VEJERANO, RAUL VILLACORTE, ZENYBEL VILLEGAS, ZARAH YAP, PHILIP YASAY,
TRINIDAD ACERON, FLORENTINO C. AGUSTIN, CRISOSTOMO ANGUE, CESAR ATIENZA, CARLOTA
AUSTRIA, JOVITA AUSTRIA, VICTORIA BAHALLA, ALLAN BATUSBATUSAN, ALTAIR BAUTISTA,
SONNY BILBAO, GINA BRUGADA, AMELIA CABRERA, FRANCIA CAMUA, RENATO CARRASCAL,
RUSELL CASTRO, EDUARDO CAUSAREN, NELSON CONCEPCION, MYRNA CORILLA, ROSALIA
FLORA COSTALES, NELSON CUSTODIO, DENNIS DE GUZMAN, EUFRACIO DE LUNA, LUCIANA DELA
CRUZ, JR., VENER DILIG, YOLANDA DINO, REMEGIO DIWA, EDWIN DOGOMEO, MANUEL ELLANO,
MITHI ENCIO, REYNALDO ESPINO, DAVID ESPIRITU, EMILIANA GAMIT, ENRICO HERNANDEZ,
DORIS JAVATE, ALICIA JIMENEZ, ELEAZAR LOPEZ, MA. SUSANA MARIANO, RONALDO
MARAVILLA, PETER MAURICIO, ANITA OBRERO, ARLENE OLEA, ROEL PARDE, MELCHOR PEREZ,
ROGER PRINCIPE, PRIMA PUJANTE, LILIA RAFAEL, AMELIA RALA, ANTONIO RIVERA, LIWAYWAY
RONSARIO, ERLINDA SALCEDO, OFELIA SANGALANG, LUZVIMINDA SANTOS, EDESIA SEVILLEJA,
NANETTE SUSA, NEIL VALENTON, FILIPINA VENTIGAN, MA. IDA VILLARALVO, ADELINE ABANCE,
RAUL ACOSTA, MA. CECILIA ADAOAG, GLEN BABANTUGAN, REMIGIO BACUS, PANTALEON
BADION, JIMMY BAJADO, ARTHUR BARAOIDAN, JULIE CABALLERO, FRANCISCO CADAJAS,
EDITHA CASIBANG, NORMAN CONDE, MENA CREUS, MARY CRUZ, MACARIO DE GUZMAN, LUPO
DE LUNA, RODOLFO DOMINGO, EMILIA EVANGELISTA, REYNALDO FAUSTINO, ALICIA DELA CRUZ
FERNANDEZ, IAN FEROLINO, GIL GALAN, ANALIZA GARIBAY, JESUS GARRIDO, FLORENCIO
GATCHALIAN, CONSORIO GERONES, VERONICA GULAFO, ALMA HERMINIA, PAUL RODERICK
HOFELINA, IDA JACA, ENRIQUE JACSON, NENEVEH LAPUZ, ROLANDO LEAL, MILLER MANILA,
DESALE MANZANO, ROLANDO MARAON, MARIANO MARIANO, RODELIO MENORIA, ROMEO
MERIDA, JOSEFINA MONJARDIN, NILO PARDE, EMMANUEL PASCO, NONITA QUITO, GLEN
RANCE, BONIFACIO RENOBLAS, JESUS REYES, JOSE REYES, RIZAL REYLES, JUAN ROQUE, NENITA
SALGADO, GAUDENCIO SALONGA, GALLARDO TOLENTINO, ALBERTO TRINIDAD, MA. FELISA
VARGAS, ROGELIO VAZQUEZ, WILLIAM VEJERANO, ELIZABETH VILLANUEVA, VIRGINIA
VILLARUEL, SERGIO YEBAN, EVELYN M. ALONSO, MIE ARCA, ARTHUR BARAOIDAN, CATHERINE
BATUSBATUSAN, IRENEA CARANDANG, LOURDES CARLENGGA, MA. ANNA F. CASUPANG,
ROSALIA FLORA O. COSTALES, ELSA DIZON, HENRY ESPINELI, JOVEN ESPINELI, RICHARD FELIX,
MA. CRISTINA M. FERNANDEZ, RENATO C. FERNANDO, LYDIA A. FULGOSINO, RENATO
GONZALES, BONIFACIO JOGNO, OSCAR MANAOIS, JULITA MOJICA, ANGELINA MOYA, LUISITO
NACO, MA. ANA ORQUIZA, SUSAN PRIANES, EDMOND PRINCIPE, TERESA A. RAMOS, ROBERTO
REYES, MARTINET ROBLE, GRETA SALVIEJO, PEPITO SAMSON, SALVADOR SOLIVEN, JOSE F.
SUMINISTRADO, ADELINA TRINIDAD, LUCITO AMISCARAY, FRANK JAIME AQUINO, MARIO BAISA,
ALTAIR BAUTISTA, TEODORO R. BERSABE, MODESTO L. BORJA (DR.), EUGENIA A. BRIONES,
CONRADO S. COMIA, BLESILDA C. CONCEPCION, NELSON CUSTODIO, DENNIS A. DE GUZMAN,
EUFRACIO V. DE LUNA, LUCIANO DELA CRUZ, JR., REYNALDO ESPINO, DAVID F. ESPIRITU,
EDUARDO FERUELO, JORGE Y. LILLO, RONALDO I. MARAVILLA, CONRADO A. MERCADO, LEILANI
G. NAGA, NOE NAMBATAC, LARRY P. PINERA, BENEDICTO M. QUITAIN, ERIBERTO L. RODRIGUEZ,
FEDERICO SABADO, JR., OSCAR C. SALONGA, OSCAR C. SANGANBAYAN, FERIOLA M. SERRANO,
ANDRES P. SEVILLEJA, FELICIDAD T. ZAMORA, ARIEL ARENAS, LOUIE CRISMO, ALBERTO DE
GUZMAN, GIDEON DE LUNA, JUNIBERT DE SAGUN, ANGELICA ECITO, CLARON ESPESO,
PORFERIO ESPINA, LEVIN GABUTAN, NORMAN GALLEMIT, DIOSDADO JOSE, ANSELMA JUNIO,
MILA LAGRIMAS, NOEMI LASPINAS, SINFROSA PASCUA, RENATO POLIDO, ROMY RAGMA, ROEL
REYES, MARIBEL SANTOS, EVELYN SERISOLA, RAIDA V. ALEGRE, MINDA A. AMON, GREGORIO P.
ANTOLIN, JR., LUZ B. ARVIZO, ANDRES F. BAES, JR., ALEJANDRO R. BALOLOY, BERNARDO B.
BAYANGOS, NORA S. BOQUIREN, ELMER B. BORRE, EDUARDO A. BRION, JAIME C. CABANDE,
DELIA A. CALIXTO, REYNALDO CAMACHO, ROSALINA M. CARRION, ROGELIO N. CONCEPCION,
FARLEY O. CONDE, BIENVENIDO L. DE GUZMAN, CONRADO C. DE JESUS, CORAZON T. DE JESUS,
JOSEFINA G. DILOY, ASUNCION A. DIMAGUILA, ONOFRE DOLAR, JR., SERGIO S. ENRIQUEZ,
CORAZON P. ESPINO, SILVINO M. FELLO, COLITA J. FRANCISCO, FEDERICO G. GOLDING, RENATO
G. GONZALES, ELIZABETH M. HERNANDO, LILIAN T. HURTADO, GLORIA C. MACASAET, ERIC N.
MARASIGAN, MARINA P. MARGES, NORMA M. MAURICIO, GINA P. NILO, JANET G. OPERARIO,
JULIANA J. ORDOÑA, BERNARDO B. PASCUA, ELIODORA D. RAMOS, EVELYN C. RAMOS,
PERFECTO O. REYES, VICENTE V. ROBLES, FLORENCIO A. ROJALES, CORAZON B. ROSALES,
TEOTIMO L. ROTERSOS, ELIZABETH C. SADORRA, FE D. SALIWAN, MOISES T. SANCHEZ, ESTER S.
SANTOS, RUFINO L. SANTOS, EMILIANO M. SIBOLBORO, BAYANI V. VILLANUEVA, ERNESTO G.
ALMENDRAL, TERESITA AVISO, CLARITA BACATIO, ALFONSO G. BAUTISTA, NARDA A. BLASCO,
LUNINGNING J. BONDOC, JOSE B. BURA, ODON CAPANGPANGAN, VIRGILIO A. CASTAÑEDA,
MARIO B. COLLADO, ARSENIO L. CALONGE, LUISITO F. COSTELO, OSCAR F. COSTELO, NILO A.
CRUCENA, ARTURO A. DAYOT, SUNNY A. DE GUZMAN, WILFREDO B. DELA CRUZ, JULIETA G.
ESPENELI, CECILIA C. ESTRADA, PERFECTO P. EVANGELISTA, MAGDALENA Q. FAVIS, CRISTINA M.
FERNANDEZ, RENE D. FERNANDEZ, LOURDES S. GALANTA, RAYMUNDO G. GALANTA, REDENTOR
S. GATUS, JOSE G. GERPACIO, ARNULFO B. GESITE, CLEOFE C. GONZALES, BELLA V. HERNANDO,
CARMELITA B. INCILLO, LIGAYA H. ISON, AIDA T. LATOZA, DEOGRACIAS R. MAGTALAS, FLORENCIO
G. MANANGHAYA, MAMERTO F. MARTINEZ, NESTOR T. MERJILLA, ALEJANDRO G. MICOSA,
PABLO M. MONTALLA, EDGAR P. NATIVIDAD, QUERUBIN A. NAVERO, HENRY E. NOCEDA, NOEMI
M. PASCUAL, BERNA G. PASTOR, MADONNA H. PEÑALBA, CRISTY C. PERLADO, DOMINCIANO D.
RAMOS, JR., LEO RETAMAR, TERESITA V. RETAMAR, ANDRES ARIEL B. REYES, JOSE D. RONDAL,
MILAGROS F. ROSALES, OSCAR C. SALONGA, EDNA L. SAMAR, ANTONIO SAN ANDRES, MANUEL
S. SANDOVAL, SHIRLEY A. SANTOS, MANUEL S. STA ANA, NESTOR M. TICSON, LORENZO M.
TOMAS, REYNALDO R. VILLANUEVA, MARIO E. VINLUAN, LOLITA C. AGUSTIN, CRISOSTOMO B.
ALCALDE, DIGNA R. ALLAG, MERLYNA F. ATIL, ELISA AYO, JULITA M. AYUYAO, VICTORCITO V.
BABIERRA, AMELIA A. BANGALAN, ELVIRA M. BAUTISTA, ERLINDA D. BAUTISTA, CELSO R.
BERSABE, APOLINARIO P. CARANDANG, VIOLETA E. CASTAÑEDA, JOSEFINA L. CREENCIA,
ROGELIO CREENCIA, ESPERANZA V. DACANAY, LEONARDO M. DE LEON, LEONORA P. DE LEON,
LUCIANO C. DELA CRUZ, AURORA B. DELOS SANTOS, ROMEO P. DELOS SANTOS, DAISY T.
ELICANO, MARCIANA B. ENRIQUEZ, NATIVIDAD P. ESCOBAR, VIRGINCITO G. ESTOCONING,
REDEMCION B. GRIFAL, CELIA C. GROSPE, LORNA L. GULAFO, VIRGINIA S. HILARIO, ARNIE C.
ILAN, ELISA N. LADANGA, IGMIDIO B. LAPIS, ULYSIS M. LATOZA, BEATRIZ C. MAGNO, JOSE D.
MANGUERRA, MA TERESA T. MANUEL, SERAFIN B. MATAWARAN, CONRADO A. MERCADO,
RAFAEL A. MONTE, VENERANDO F. NABOA, CLEOTILDE M. NICOLAS, ELSIE V. OBRERO,
MAXIMINA OMANITO, EMILIO M. OSALVO, JOEY V. PADILLA, MARCELINA J. PALIS, REYNALDO G.
PALIS, PERLA PANGANIBAN, WILLIE C. PERLATA, IRENEO B. RAMAT, PERLITA M. RAMOS,
EDGARDO R. REYES, JOSEPH B. ROJALES, LEOGARDA T. RUBITE, JACQUELINE A. SABINO, ANITA
M. SALANDANAN, MEDARDO P. SALVADOR, WILFREDO B. SANIDAD, IMELDA E. SANTOS,
LEONARDO A. SEMANA, CARLOS P. SERRANO, FLORENCIO C. STA. MARIA, RAMON P. ULIBAS,
GAVINO ISAGANI P. URRIZA, PETRONILLA T. VALENZUELA, SALVADOR F. VILLAREY, AMY O.
YAMBOT, FELIX N. ALBANO, RICARDO C. ALEGRID, ARIEL G. ALMEDA, JULITA V. AÑONUEVO,
ULDARICO A. ANDAL, JAIME S. ANTONIO, REYNALDO P. BAJAR, BERNARDO D. BALGOS, JOSELITO
N. BANGAWAN, LEOVIGILIO R. BANTIQUE, ELVIRA M. BAUTISTA, ERNESTO BELO, LUZ C.
CABAMONGAN, ANDRES B. CALIMUTAN, MARCELO S. CRISOSTOMO, AGNEZ CRUZ,
BERNARDINA I. DAGUIO, ROLANDO DE GUZMAN, MARCELINO P. DE LEON, CARMEN P. DEL
ROSARIO, EDIZA A. DIAZ, TEODORICO C. ERNI, JULIANA M. FAJARDO, TEORODICO M. FAJARDO,
LEOVENILDA A. FERNANDEZ, EDWIN M. GALLARITA, CONSTANCIA R. GANTIOQUI, EUGENIA G.
GARCIA, JOSE G. HAPAN, NORA B. INCIONG, LALAINE JAVINEZ, GERMAN M. JONAS, BELTHA B.
LANDICHO, ERLINDA LOVERIZA, CLARITA J. MAESTRADO, JOSELITO MAGNO, EDUARDO B.
MALAPITAN, EDUARDO A. MANZANO, NAPTHALI Q. MAYUGA, REMEDIOS B. MILLER, AMELIA R.
MORENO, PONCIANO L. MURILLO, JOSEPHINE L. NANA, ISABEL D. NASIS, MERCEDES V.
OCAMPO, GODOFREDO R. ODEJAR, TERESITA OLMELLA, GERMAN L. OMAÑA, CECILIA B.
ORLANES, BELINA P. PAJARITO, LUCINDA S. PANGCO, JAIME PASCUAL, TERESITA S. PERLADO,
VILMA M. QUIMSON, CESAR H. RAMOS, ROMEO L. SACDALAN, CRISTINA M. SANDOVAL,
TERESITA S. SANDOVAL, FELICIANA A. SANTIAGO, LORNA F. SANTOS, LUZDIVINA R. SISON,
CRESENCIO O. SOLANO, NELSON B. STA. CLARA, ANSELMA B. STA. CLARA, ANSELMA B. TAJON,
FE P. VADIL, ARTHUR O. ACHA, DANILO E. ADRIATICO, MERLYN ALDABA, ARNALDO B. ALVAREZ,
REYNALDA T. AMADA, NELSON ANGELES, FRANCISCO A. BAYALAS, TEODORO R. BERSABE, ELSA
C. BORJA, MODESTO L. BORJA, EDUARDO O. BREGANZA, EUGENIA A. BRIONES, EDMUNDO P.
BUSTILLO, RENATO S. CABRERA, MARINA N. CAMACHO, OSCAR O. CARPIO, BLESILDA C.
CONCEPCION, SAMUEL M. CONTRERAS, CORAZON J. CORPUZ, YOLANDA S. COSTELO, RAMON S.
ENRIQUEZ, MERCEDES S. FERNANDO, JOSE ANTONIO GUATLO, MARUJA JARABEJO, RAUL M.
LAURENA, TERESITA D. LIZARDO, RODOLFO L. LUCAS, CESAR M. MAGADIA, RICARTE A.
MELCHOR, JOSIE P. MERCADO, LEILANI G. NAGA, AURORA N. NOROMBABA, WILMA G. NOTA,
REYNALDO O. PEREGRINO, SALVACION L. PLANAS, ROGELIO L. PUMARAS, NARCISA D. RAMIS,
ROSEMELINDA R. REFORMA, ROBERTO R. REYES, LOLITA M. RONDON, SONIA M. SALGUERO,
NORBERTO SALILI, NATIVIDAD M. SALONGA, ROSEMARIE C. SISON, VICTOR J. VILLANUEVA,
ARMANDO ARCAMO, BELINDA CABALLA, TERESITA DIVAD, PEPITO ESPENILLI, BERCELIZA
FAJARDO, NELIA GULAPO, CHRISTINE MANAGBANAG, REYNALDO MANAGBANAG, LUIS
MENDOZA, OSCAR OSTING, EDGARDO REYES, DINO VELASQUEZ, MA. CECILIA O. DELA PEÑA,
ILUMINADA POJAS, NORA ABAYA, MARIETTA S. ABCEJO, VICTORIA E. ABELLA, FILOMENA L.
ABEN, MA. VICTORIA D. ABESAMIS, NITA D. ABID, VERONICA ABIERO, RONELLO ABILA, DANILO
ABON, EVA ABON, EVA FE J. ABRAHAM, EDGAR A. ABRIOL, RUBY I. ABRIOL, REMEDIOS ACASIO,
ROMEO L. ACEDO, RIZALINA M ACORDA, SUSAN B. AGAPITO, RODOLFO T. AGONCILLO,
MARGARITA N. AGOOT, MARIA H. AGOOT, ELIZABETH AGPAOA, AVELINO AGUINALDO, JOSE R.
AJON, LOURDES ALAG, LUZVIMINDA ALBAO, LUCITA ALEGRE, EXPEDITA S. ALEJON, MELENIDA
ALMAZAN, MANUEL T. ALMOGUERRA, CAROLINA J. ALVIAR, ELVIRA D. AMA, JOHN AMARRA,
BENEDICTO ARABIT, AURORA M. ANCHETA, RAYMUNDO ANDAY, ERIC J. ANONAS, ROSEMARIE N.
ANTEGRO, CARMENCITA APELO (DR.), ESTER AQUINO, ALEX AQUITAÑA, EDUARDO ARCA,
NANCY I. ARCANGEL, CRISPINO ARIAS, GAUDENCIO ARIAS, ESTHERLINA D. ARIFALO, ALICIA C.
ARJONA-LAYSON, RODRIGO L. ARMENIO, ABELARDO E ARNAO, ROSALINDA M. ARVESU,
JOSEPHINE B. ASAS, MA. WYNNE A. ASTUDILLO, VICTOR C. ATIENZA, DAVID AVANTE, LUISITO
AVANTE, ANITA C. AVILLA, HERNANDO F. AVILLA, EUSTAQUIO AWITAN, ERNESTO BACOLOR,
EFREN BACONAWA, MYRNA D. BALDECAÑAS, JUANA BALOTRO, LORY C. BANGALISAN,
GERMELINA T. BAOY, ELVIRA BARREDA, DOLORES BAUTISTA, NIEVES V. BAUTISTA, RENATO
BAUTISTA, MELINDA A. BAYOT, EDNA T. BEGINO, BELLA C. BELOY, CAROLYN C. BENIGNO, CALIXTA
C. BERBA, JOSE C. BERNAL, LILIA B. BERNAL, CALIXTO BERNARDO, DANTE C. BERNARDO,
ERNESTO BERNARDO, RENATO BERNARDO, MELENCIO BERNARDO, ONOFRE S. BONIGFACIO,
JOCELYN B. BOREJON, EDWARD S. BRIONES, ROSALINDA R. BUADO, ERNESTO BUENAFLOR, FELIX
BUTUHAN, CECILLO CABUANG, GILDA CABUANG, WILFREDO CABUANG, ROLANDO A. CAMBA,
RONNIE CAPILI, AURORA CAPIRAL, MARILOU CAPUNO, LEONCIO CARAAN, ESTELITA R.
CARANDANG, REMIA B. CARPIO, EDUARDO CASTELLANO, LOLITA A. CASTILLO, BELLA U.
CATACUTAN, CARINA P. CATIMBANG, MAURO CAYETA, CRISANTO P. CEREZO, FELICIANO
CONCEPCION, VIVIAN D. CONCEPCION, RODANTE CONSTANTE, ADELA B. CONTRERAS, JOSEFINA
A. CONTRERAS, ANAMARIE P. CORONEL, CRISOSTOMO A. CORTEZ, ERLINDA CORTEZ, JOSEPH
ALAN D. COSTALES, ROSARIO M. COSTALES, RUBINA O. CRESENCIO, ANTONIO CRISTOBAL,
BALGAMEL C. CROOC, VIRGINIA CRUZ, LEONILO A. DABBAY, ROGELIO V. DACULLA, AZUCENA
DAMANG, LINO I. DANTE, ERLINDA N. DAUZ, KAREN ROSE C. DAZO, DOLORES T. DE GUZMAN,
MARISSA DE GUZMAN, MYRILOU DE GUZMAN, NATALIA C. DE GUZMAN, REDEDIOS DE JESUS,
EMELINA C. DE LEON, ANGELES DE MAYO, VICTORIA B. DEL PRADO, CESAR M. DELA CRUZ,
ESTENELY M. DELA CRUZ, JOSE K. S. DELA CRUZ, NICANOR S. DELA CRUZ, EDUARDO DELA
TORNE, REYNALDO DELOS SANTOS, VERONICA DELOS SANTOS, EVELYN DELOS TRINOS, GLICERIA
DERROTA, GERMAN DIAZ, AUGUSTO DIMAMENT, MEDIATRIX DIRECTO, ROMULO S. DIRECTO,
JR., STELLA DOCENA, RODOLFO DOMDOM, JACQUELINE DONESA, ALFREDO DUCUSIN,
PETRONILO B. DUMANGAS, LORNA D. EBIO, GILBERT R. EGAÑA, ROBERT EGAÑA, ROMULO
ELAMPARO, MARLENE ENRIQUEZ, NICERATA ERMITA, LOURDES R. ERSANDO, HERMINIO
ESCALONA, NESTOR B. ESCANDOR, PEDRO ESCREZA, MARILOU B. ESCUREL, TERESITA G.
ESPOCIA, MARINA M. ESTACIO, NANETHA ESTANTE, ELSIE ESTOPACE, MALANIE M. ESTOLE,
RODOLFO C. ESTRELLA, RICA EVASCO, LIWANAG C. FELICIANO, EDNA A. FELIPE, EVA FEMENTIRA,
BERNARDINO FERIDO, JR., PURIFICACION C. FERRER, FRANCISCO FETALBERO, LUCIA FLORES,
MA. GRACIA D. FLORES, NILO FRANCISCO (DR.), ZENAIDA F. FRANCISCO, MANOLITA Z. GAERLAN,
EDITHA S. GOLLA, ANTONIO A. GANNABAN, CARLOS GARCIA, CORAZON A. GARCIA, JULIE G.
GARCIA, LIZA S. GAYAS, EVAN R. GERONIMO, BONIFACIO GODOY, ARLENE GONZALES, HILDENCE
B. GONZALES, ILUMINADA B. GONZALES, GRACE L. GUILLERMO, BENJAMIN C. GUTIERREZ,
RODOLFO GUTIERREZ, ALEJANDRINO HADUCA, MARILYN P. HERNANDEZ, NILDA HERNANDEZ,
FREDERICO HIFE, ERQUITA HORCA, LORETO HUMARANG, REBECCA M. IBAROLA, MELINDA O.
IGNACIO, FRANCIA ILAO, AURORA C. INDICO, DIANA INOCENCIO, ALICIA M. IRANGA,
DEOGRACIAS JAVIER, NELLY A. JIAO, CHARITO GIMENO, DIDETTE M. JOCO, LOLITA JUNIO,
LEWELLIE R. KAMPITAN, ESTRELLITA KARGANILLA, GREGORIO LACSA, JR., ANTONIO LANDRITO,
LETICIA R. LANDRITO, ANDRES LANGIT, MAXIMA R. LAPUZ, ANICIA LAUREL, FLORENCIA B.
LAURENCIANO, MARCELINO E. LEGASPI, MARIO T. LEGASPI, FIDEL LIBAO, IMELDA LIBERATO,
ANITA LIBRADO, LILIA G. LIWANAG, EDEN P. LLANES, ANTONIO C. LOPEZ, CERELINO LOPEZ,
EMELINA A. LOPEZ, VIRGILIO LORENZO, FLORO MAGO, JR., ZENAIDA MADERA, MELCHOR
MAGNAYE, ARLENE B. MAGPANTAY, FERMINA MAGPANTAY, MAGNO MALABANAN, PABLO B.
MALABANAN, LUISA MALALOAN, MERCIA MALLARI, RICARDO MALLARI, RONALDO MALLARI,
RUSTICO MALLARI, ANGELI MALONZO, PEDRO M. MANAIG, FLORITA S. MANGABAT, NEMESIA C.
MANGABAT, MANOLITO M. AVANTE, BERNARDO S. MANUEL, CECILIA MANUEL, ROBERTO
MANUEL, CLARIBEL MANZANO, PABLO MARASIGAN, PEÑAFRANCIA H. MARASIGAN, RHODORA
MARASIGAN, ANNABELLE F. MARBELLA, FLORENCIO MARCIAL, HERMINIO D. MARCIAL,
RICARDO F. MARERO, JUANITO R. MARTIN, JR., BALTAZAR MATEO, ROSALINDA P. MATEO, ESTELA
MAYO, SOCORRO G. MERCADO, AVELINO G. MILLORA, APOLINAR MIMIS, NORMA MIMIS, AL
MINAÑO, CONSUELO MIRANDA, LEONARDO MIRANDA, REBECCA R. MIRANDA, LILIA B.
MOSLARES, MARLYN MULATO, MA. VICTORIA L. MUNN, SHA KHATAK, LEONCIA N. NABONG,
AMELIA A. NACIONAL, FLORENCIO R. NAGAÑO, JOEY N. NAPIZA, MARION NAPIZA, ZENAIDA
NATIVIDAD, ABELO NAVARRO, NICETAS S. NICOLAS, VICENTE M. NIM, JUAN NIOLAR, LYDIA E.
NONES, MARILOU W. NUESTRO, CLEOTILDE D. OLAYRES, SUSAN R. OLID, AMELITA A. OLIVAS,
BIENVENIDO L. OPEÑA, FRANCISCA S. ORELLANO, CONSTANCIA ORLANDA, GUELLERMO
ORTICIO, BONIFACIO ORTILLANO, ANGEL PABLO, EDUARDO PABLO, GENEROSO PACLITA,
RAYMUNDO PADILLA, NANIE L. PALABAY, ANGELINA N. PALOS, ALAN B. PANCHO, MELITA
PANCHO, ESTRELLA C. PANGANIBAN, GINA C. PANGANIBAN, LERMA V. PANGANIBAN, PEDRO A.
PANGANIBAN, RITO PARTOSA, CYNTHIA PASADILLA, PRISCILLA E. PASCUA, JOCELYN C. PASCUAL,
REBECCA PASCUAL, FLORENCIO PASTULERO, GERMAN PATNONGON, VENANCIO PATRICIO,
CARLEEN R. PERALTA, MARITON T. PEREZ, IMELDA D. PILLAS, RICARDO B. PINAY-AN, JUDITH A.
PLATERO, EMILY J. POLON, BILLYADONA B. PONCE, RAUL R. PONSECA, RAMY PRADO, BERNADEL
M. PRIVADO, FERNANDO S. PRONUEVO, CARMELITA C. PUTOLINO, NORA QUINTOS, EDNA D.
RAGUINDIN, JULIAN D. RAGUINDIN, ANACLETA G. RAMILO, FRUTO RAMOS, JULIETA RAMOS,
ROMEO R. RAMOS, SABINA RAYMUNDO, FE BIEN R. REALON, ALFREDO RECTRA, IRENEO
REGIDOR, RACHEL C. REGIDOR, ALICE REYES, ELIZABETH L. REYES, FLORDELIZA REYES, DOLORES
E. RICAFRANCA, MANUEL RICARDO, ROBERTA L. RIGUER, GRETEL F. RIVERA, EFREN ROBLES,
PROCESO RODRIGUEZ, REMEDIOS F. RONATO, EDEN ROSON, LEOPOLDO U. ROXAS, MOISES
SADURA., SR., MOISES A. SADURAL, JR., VALENTIN SADURAL, JOSEFINA A. SAGUN, RUBY F.
SAHAGUN, MAURA M. SALIBA, GERLIE SALVA, LEONCIO SALUDARES, AVELINA M. SAMIANO,
REYNALDO A. SAMIANO, JAIME G. SAN PABLO, VERONIDIA G. SAN PABLO, BARTOLOME
SANCHEZ, JOSEPHINE L. SANDOVAL, EDA SANOPO, ELIZA C. SANTIAGO, JOEL G. SANTIAGO,
TIMOTEO SANTIAGO, CONCEPCION W. SANTOS, FELIXBERTO SANTOS, JR., JOSEFINA C. SANTOS,
MARCELINO SANTOS, RODOLFO SANTOS, CESARIO SANTOSAN, JUMELLE G. SARABIA, JOSEPHINE
SARMIENTO, OFELIA SARMIENTO, AURORA C. SAVELLANO, SALLY SERRANO, RODOLFO R.
SIBALUCA, MARINA SILVESTRE, BASILISA C. SISON, EDUARDO N. SISON, SYLVANA R. SISON,
ESTER SOBREMONTE, JAIME SOBREMONTE, ALFREDO SORIANO, JR., JULIA PAULA M. SORIANO,
CARMEN STA. AGATA, DOMINGA SUBA, TETERIO SUÑER, JEROME SUPLIDO, LINA A. TABUÑAR,
FERMIN TACAZON, LORENZO TALATALA, ADORA V. TAN, NELCY L. TAÑEDO, MILAGROSA T.
TANALGO, ALBERTO C. TANCHANCO, MELECIO TARIFE, ROSARIO K. TATLONGHARI, RUFINA B.
TAYAG, HERMINIA A. TECSON, PAPA TENGCO, LOURDES L. TEVES, CRESENCIANA R. TIMBOL, NOLI
N. TIONG, VIRGINIA B. TIONG, LILIA TIONGSON, MA. ASUNCION N. TIONGSON, JOSEPHINE
TOLENTINO, BENJAMIN TORRENTE, OSCAR TORRES, SONIA M. TRINIDAD, RIZALINA TROPA,
CRISTINA TUAZON, HOMER E. TUAZON, RICARDO TUBUNGBAMA, HYDEE N. TUYAY, MERCY
URRUTIA, LARNE VALCARCEL, EMILIANO B. VALDEZ, JR., REMEDIOS S. VALDEZ, JOSIE VARGAS,
FELINO VELASQUEZ, (DR.), PEDRO A. VELASQUEZ, RAFAEL A. VELEZ, SYLVIA I. VERGARA,
BLESILDA VERIN, ADRIANO VICTORIO, JR., DOMINADOR VICTORIO, EMILY E. VICTORIO, GLORIA
VIDA, LOURDES M. VILLAFLOR, ALBERTO A. VILLAFLORES, LEONIDO Z. VILLAFLORES, ALICE
VILLALOBOS, CATHERINE P. VILLANUEVA, EDWIN G. VILLANUEVA, TERESITA S. VILLARIAZA,
FREDERICO G. VILLARTA, EDGAR VINCULADO, ZENAIDA C. VINCULADO, EDITHA VITALICIA,
AVELINO C. VIVO, ARLENE V. VYTIACO, MILAGROS WABE, RODOLFO WENCESLAO, A.
WONGSUWAN, HERMINIA V. YALUNG, LAARNI ZAMORA, MARY ANN R. ZEPEDA, FERNANDO SQ.
LATI, M. SIRIOS, JOEL BOREJON, CONCHITA PUBLICO, AGRIPINA BRIONES, MILTON SACRO,
LOLITA RAZON, CONSOLACION GUERRA, ANDRES ARAÑO, MARCELINO JUSTO, ROSALES
REGINIO, PEDRO RUBALA, BENJO BONIFACIO, ANGEL MATEO, EDUARDO QUE, MODESTA M.
ANDAYA, ANTONIETTA M. APALISOK, VIENNA E. BELTRAN, LORENZO N. BRIANA, CRISELDA L.
CASTILLO, JUANITO B. CHAN, JR., ORLANDO S. CUYUGAN, ZORAIDA F. DE GUZMAN, VITO F. DEL
FIERRO, JR., RELITA A. ROSA, HERMINIA S. DELOS REYES, BEATRIZ C. DIZON, SUSAN A. FORONDA,
MARY ANN P. FRANCO, ROMULO M. GARCIA, JOVITA M. GONZALES, REBECCA O. JOSE, MARCIA
B. LANUZA, ALBERTO G. LEGASPI, ANGELINA A. MABUNGA, CONSUELO B. MANGUBAT,
ILUMINADA G. MAPAYE, AMELIA V. MARCELO, GLENDA S. MARQUEZ, LOURDES IRENE N.
MIÑOZA, EULOGIO M. MONTEALTO, MARIO P. MUECO, LUCILDA L. PADAUAN, EDGARDO V. SAN
JUAN, MA. FATIMA S. SENGCO, CAROLYN O. TABANGCURA, MARIETA U. TIBAYAN, MARIETA E.
TUGADE, petitioners, vs. HON. GODOFREDO N. ALCASID, JR., in his official capacity as the
Director of the Bureau of Soils and Water Management, HON. ROMEO N. ALCASID, in his official
capacity as the Director of the Bureau of Animal Industry, and HON. PEDRO O. OCAMPO, in his
official capacity as the Executive Director of the Livestock Development Council, respondents.

[G.R. No. 111494. September 11, 1998.]

DIONELO D. IBABAO, ELVIRA F. SIMON, AURORA M. CRISTOBAL, ONOFRE T. SUBA, NELITA DIAZ,
ERNESTO NUVAL, ENRIQUE LACSA, SABINA DIAZ, MAGTANGGOL SANTIAGO, VALENTIN
TANZUACO, ANGELITO TABORA, LOIDA CAINGLIT, ALBERTO SANTIAGO III, HOSPICIO C.
MAHILUM, FRANCISCO SANTOS, JR., PABLO RABINO, LORETO GANIR, MODESTO DAYON,
GLICERIA TUAZON, HONOLITA ALMONTE, RAQUEL RAMOS, ADORACION C. JASTILLANA,
RICARDO ESGUERRA, JONATHAN DICKSON, ROBERTO TIONGSON, BIENVENIDO RICAFRENTE,
ALFREDO TAYAG, ROLANDO CAJANDING, AMELITO GOLLOSO, REYNALDO RONQUILLO, LEONCIO
LEGASPI, REYNALDO DELA CRUZ, NICANOR LLAMAS, MARIANO ODHOY, LORETO GANIR,
TERESITA MALLA, ORBETA GUERRERO, HILARION LAGUA, PABLO ABAD, ALBERTO LAPERAL, JR.,
CLARITA ULANDAY, TERESITA LOPEZ, CRESENCIA MALONZO, NATIVIDAD LAGUA, JERICARDO
MONDRAGON, FILOMENA GANTE, JESUSA WAJI, LEONORA SIGNE, MARILOU ROSANA, JOSEFINA
FRANCISCO, MARIA AFRICA MENDIORO, SEVERO BALANE, JR., TEODORO JOCSON, MARISSA
ALBALADEJO, FLORA CASEM, MILAGROS FLORADA, TOMASA CARANDANG, MERLY REPANI,
SUSAN GARCIA, BENJAMIN NUNEZ ANA MARIE ARENAS, ROMUALDO POL, JULITA LAVARO,
HERMINIO MAHILUM, AMIANA ABELLA, ADELAIDA ALCISTO, RIZALINA M. LEGASTO, MILAGROS
LEDESMA, LORNA P. ANACLETO, AUGUSTO T. REGIO, CYNTHIA P. ISAAC, FELIPE ALBANO,
ROSALINA Q. DE LA CRUZ, MITZI C. FERNANDEZ, RUSSEL DIAZ, VALENTINO MACASAET,
SALVADOR DELFINO, MAXIMO ESGUERRA, JR., JUNELITA PACIO, ERNESTO TUZON, VIOLA
MARIANO, LUTGARDA SEBASTIAN, MARCO PEREZ, ISABELO MACABUGAO, FRANCISCO FABRO,
ERLINDA CLAVO, DOMINGO JOCSON, ENECITAS TABORADA, LUISA TUASON, ROSALIO BAZ, JR.,
LUZVIMINDA SALDUA, TEODORA OAMINAL, LEONOR BRINGAS, DAISY LADRA, MERCEDES
SANGREO, ZENAIDA MUNON, ANTONIO AMURAO, PERCIVAL ECITO, SYLVIA MON, LOURDES
MANGASI, BENIGNO MAGNO, ZOILO AQUINO, ROSARIE ARREZA, PILAR FONTELAR, FLOR
ABELLA, MERCEDITA BANTAYA, PACIENCIA FIGUEROA, HILDA BALLO, MAURICIO BALLO,
RODOLFO C. PINTO, CESAR GUERRERO, VIRGINIA DE LOS SANTOS, ALICE CORDERO, MYRNA
ABILAR, ROSA BASSIG, ADORACION OBINQUE, AMELITA MAGBAGO, MACARIA ANDRADE,
CONSUELO BALTAZAR, ELIZABETH VIANA, ROSARIO RAGAZA, JOSEFINO MONDRAGON,
CONRADO GANIR, FILIPINA GOJAR, EMILIA BARRAMEDA, CIRILA LEYVA, FREDA ROXAS,
CORAZON DE LA CRUZ, ROSITA CALVELO, ROSARIO LIZARDO, CRISTINA NUQUI, FELICISIMA
MAXINO, JACINTO ARUCAN, JR., LORETA DE GUZMAN, LEONORA DE LEON, LYDIA AGUILING,
DALISAY MONEDA, LOURDES LIZA, PAZ LADERAS, EFREN LUNA, EVELYN CABUS, ESTER
CONCEPCION, ARIEL BAUTISTA, FRANCIA AMAQUI, FRANCISCA BIANES, PAZ LUCERO, ERLINDA
ESPINOSA, TERESITA CATACUTAN, REGINO OGSIMER, ESTRELLA ORENSE, MARYLOU VILLAREAL,
ALMA DICKSON, NATIVIDAD RAZO, ALICIA SUALOG, ERLINDA ARALAR, REDENTOR GATUS,
FORTUNATO CABEZAS, CECILIA REYES, AURORA REYES, BARTOLOME SANTIAGO, JESUS DELA
TORRE, CONSOLACION SEVILLA, HENRY LUGAYAN, ANGELES GALERA, REUBEN A. GANADEN,
JULITA ABULON, LINA SANTOS, GLORIA C. BERGADO, ANSELMA S. LEGASPI, LEONORA RIVERA,
EDITHA MALOLOS, JESUS SANCHEZ, ALBERTO MOLERO, DOMINGO TUAZON, JR., SOFIA S. BASA,
SUSANA EDIC, FELIPE ELEDA, ARMANDO LANDAYAN, RICARDO MAR, JR., AUGUSTO SANTOS,
ARSENIA AREVALO, ERLINDA ABUEVA, VIRGILIO SANTOS, GAUDENCIO BADIOLA, JR., MODESTA
ANGELES, RENATO GUTIERREZ, LUCERNA ICAPIN, MARLENE CALANGIAN, NEMENCIO AREVALO,
NENITA DE GUZMAN, LOURDES PALO, MANUEL CABRERA, BENJAMIN MAGAT, ERNESTO REYES,
EUGENE SANGALANG, ARMANDO ALCAZAR, JOSELITO MAGHIRANG, ROMEO DIETA, ROFER
ESQUIRRES, DONATO ALMARINEZ, MELITA CONSULTA, RENATO VILLAFRANCA, LEONCIO
ALVAREZ, MANUEL SOTOMAYOR, LEOVELITO CATALLA, APOLINARIO GICOS, FLORIDA ARBOLEDA,
ROMEO PORNOBI, CANDIDO SOTOMAYOR, GREGORIO BARRION, CARMELA EUBION, DANILO
NAGPALA, ANGELITO VALDEZ, LEONARDO SAN JUAN, CLAUDIO RESMA, CESAR GALERA, DANTE
AMURAO, FLORDELIZA DE JESUS, EULENIA FERNANDO, BENEVERT FERNANDO, AQUILINO
RONQUILLO, MONA NARVAZ, VIVIAN NEBRES, ALBERTO NUNEZ, MARINA DUMOL, ARCADIO
ISON, NORMA BORJA REYMUNDO NEBRES, ALEX MOLE, NALDA TANADA, ARMANDO
VILLANUEVA, NIDA BALANE, ROSALIND SANTOS, NILA MITRA MEDRANO, ELIZABETH BAUN,
ALFREDO VILLATUYA, ROY GARCIA, AVELINA BIERNES RODOLFO ASIS, ARTEMIO GINES, AURITA
CASTILLO, HOMERTO RIOMALOS, ALICIA DELOS SANTOS, GRACE DE VEYRA, SALUD R. GANADEN,
LOLITA SUIZO, ERLINDA PICHAY, NELIA TIEL, DORIS FRIAS, JOSIE SAN PEDRO, JOHNNY ICONAR,
AURORA ROCABO, ALICIA BORROMEO, RAMIR MASAYDA, JUANITA AMURAO, BELINDA SAN
DIEGO, SIMEONA REGIDOR, JOSEFINA GENESERA, PATRICIA AQUINO, EDWYN ALESNA, HECTOR
BAUN, DANILO LUCERO, PURITA DELA PENA, FELIONOR ELESERIO, AUGUSTO HERNANDEZ, LINA
ZULUETA, PHOEBE LAQUINDANUM, ELMER ALBA, MYRNA RAMOS, EFIPANIO ABAYA,
LUZVIMINDA MATIGNAS, GUILLERMO AQUINO, JR., RICARDO VERSOZA, NELSON FRANCISCO,
EDUARDO BUTAC, ADORADO CAINGLIT, ROLANDO SIKAT, THELMO MAGSUMBOL, ELOISA UZON,
JUSTONATO PENIANO, PEDRO NATIVIDAD, DOMINGO ASUNCION, NARCISO GARCIA, RESTITUTO
SANCHEZ, HELEN IBARRA, ALFREDO DUCANTE, ARMANDO MARTINEZ, GLORIA PASCO, EMMA
MARFORI, RICARDO MENDOZA, ANTONIO MORALES, EDUARDO TOLENTINO, TITO DELA CRUZ,
REGINALD GONZALES, JOSE PACLIBARE, JOSELITO SONGA, VIRGILIO LEOPANDO, LEVITA
ZAPANTA, FELIPA LOPEZ, ELPIDIO MENDOZA, EDMUNDO EDROSO, DOMINGO CATALLA, VERGEL
BIADO, DIEGO BUTAC, PROSPERO PASTORAL, CESAR AMINES, REGINO OPORTO, JR., ARMANDO
LAGUIDAO, REYGALDINE RAMIREZ, SEVERINO ESCOBAR, JR., BERNABE GONZALES, MAXIMO
GATDULA, ALEMAR SABATIN, BONIFACIO GANDULLAS, MARCELINO TACADAO, SEVERINO
BARICANOSA, PACIFICO FRANCISCO, EDUARDO SALCEDO, RODOLFO SINGH, FLORENCIO
SERANILLO, ELPIDIO MACABALOS, FEDERICO TRINIDAD, JOSE LACTAO, JULITA FADRIGUELA,
PERFECTO GUERRERO, JR., EDITHO DEMDAM, ROMEO B. DE SAGUN, VIOLETA RAMOS, VIRGINIA
LOPEZ, CARMENCITA TOCINO, SALVADOR NIERRAS, MARILYN BERNALDO, CELIA BUSQUE, JOSE
CALDERON, AMADO ANONUEVO, LEODEGARIO CAWALING, CELSO IGANCIO, MARCIAL
CAGUICLA, CRISPIN DELA CRUZ, GIL FERRER, FARIDA BATOLOS, MARGIE KILAKIL, EMMA
BOROMEO, HERMINIO LEYVA, ROGELIO BERNABE, OSCAR BANDIOLA, MELCHOR TAYAMEN,
RUBEN REYES, ANGELITA SALGUET, JOEDOCIEL DANTING, ALMA MENDOZA, RENATO MENDOZA,
FRANK QUIMSON, EVELYN ZAFRA, MELITONA PENADA, BENICIO SINGQUENCO, NICANOR
CRISOSTOMO, ROSEBELLA JUMARAN, ABNER BUENAVENTURA, ADELAIDA PALMA, MARCELO
VALDEZ, LILIBETH AFAN, JOSE NAVIDAD, JUANITO BACANI, ROGELIO LONGALONG, GLICERIO
SANTOS, AMOR SANTOS, FE DE JESUS, JAIME DE JESUS, JOSE VICTORIO, ENRIQUE MARQUEZ,
EDMUNDO GADUANG, WESLEY ROSARIO, ROLANDO MIRANDA, WILHELMINA NATIVIDAD, JOSE
NATIVIDAD, GUILLERMO OQUENDO, CLETO RAFER, JR., LEDA G. HANDOG, CORAZON MANUBAY,
ELADIO GONZALES, JOY DELA CRUZ, ADAN DIAMANTE, ELADIO VILLAMATER, GLORIA MATIAS,
VIRGINIA S. LUYUN, FIDELITO CALUPIG, RODOLFO JEREMIAS, JOSEPH BANDALA, CONCEPCION
JUICO, PRISCILLA ANGELES, ALFREDO SANTOS, JR., PROCOPIO MACOLOR, AURELIA RABARA,
DANILO SINGQUENCO, HARRIETO CAMARINES, NAMNAMA JAVELLOSA, AMELIA S. MAALA,
RAFAEL RAMISCAL, FRANCISCO TABORDA, CATALINO REYES, NELSON CALVELO, JOHN TABAY,
BENJAMIN PINEDA, petitioners, vs. HON. ROBERTO SEBASTIAN, In His Capacity As Secretary Of
The Department Of Agriculture and HON. GUILLERMO R. MORALES, in his capacity as Director,
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, respondents.

[G.R. No. 112056. September 11, 1998.]

JUVY CLAVEL P. GACULA, ANDY R. RIVERA, LORENZO T. SUBARIA, LEO J. BERNAL, CYNTHIA L. DE
VEAS, AVELINA L. DIOCES, FE Y. FELICIANO, THELMA A. GECOLEA, RODOLFO R. PANGAN, MAURA
JASMIN A. REYES, PENNY MARIE G. TAN, TERESITA V. CHAN, NENA A. INOCENCIO, PELAGIA G.
ABAYA, FELIX P. BERNARDINO, MA. LUISA M. CALDITO, EDGARDO F. DE JESUS, PARALUMAN T.
DELA PAZ, RENATO F. GILERA, LEOVIGILDO G. MALZAN, CLARITA O. OLANO, HERNAN Z. PEREZ,
MILAGROS S. PILAPIL, GAUDENCIO L. RAMOS, JR., ADORACION J. SANTIAGO, ANDREA O.
TAMINA, TRINIDAD N. TOLENTINO, CARMELITA F. ZAFRA, CARMELO P. ABADILLA, EMMA L.
LOGRONIO, CARMELITA B. AGPOON, ANTONIO G. ARIZALA, DOHME C ARPON, RENATO A.
BACLAGAN, MANOLITO A. CUETO, REYNALDO G. CUSTODIO, ROBLETO M. GULOY, OLIMPIO P.
MARIBAO, JR., MANUEL V. MIRANDA, JOSE RANADA, JR., JESUS R. REVIDAD, REX P. SEVILLA,
FEDERICO D. SORIANO, BENEDICTO L. STA. ANA, DANIEL S. TOLENTINO, WILFREDO G.
VILLANUEVA, GUILLERMO O. BALURAN, JOSE G. BATTUNG, MANOLITO J. BERNAL, DELFIN R.
BRAVO, PATRICK V. CALDITO, DANILO L. CATIPUNAN, ANTONIO G. COSTOSA, ROLANDO S. EBERO,
BENITO W. GONZAGA, DIVINA S. LEANO, FREDDIE D. LESTINO, RAUL A. LLAANZANA, JUANITO M.
MANSANADEZ, IMELDA M. MIRANDA, ROGELIO J. ORDONEZ, ESTEBAN M. PAREDES, ROMEO S.
CARDOSO, ROBERTO E. CASAYURAN, RAQUEL V. CATIPUNAN, MARCIANO F. CRUZ, JULIEN C. DE
TORRES, RAYMUNDO N. GABAY, CRISANTA B. MALICDEM, GLENARDO A. MIJARES, EDA R.
NOCON, ERNESTO Q. OBRIQUE, ROMEO D. SISNERO, ANGELITO C. TALAGON, SOLEDAD S. CRUZ,
JOSELITA G. ENCISO, JOSE CARMELO N. LEANO, ROMEO S. SILORIO, EDGARDO L. VIBAR,
LOURDES F. ELARDE, ANGELINA E. RACHO, ROMILDA DE ASIS, GLYCIDAS P. INIGO, CONCHITA M.
LACEDA, AUREA M. LUCAS, JOSE ROLANDO J. MANLULU, SERGIO R. MANRIQUE, ELVIRA G.
NAZARET, JOSELINE P. NIWANE, LYDIA J. RUIZ, ALFREDO M. TORRES, CESAR A. AQUINO, MANUEL
P. BALATINSAYO, MONETTE B. CADIANG, RODRIGO O. ESTAMO, ADELAIDA Y. FERRER, EDNA L.
LOGRONIO, LEONARDO B. PONFERRADA, SUSANA M. SANTOS, CONCHITINA Y. SEVILLA, LIBERTY
Z. VALLESTERO, LERMA G. VILLANUEVA, ESPERANZA J. MERCADO, MA. BESSIE P. DIAMANTE,
ROSARIO G. MAYRINA, MAXIMINA D. SABINORIO, YOLANDA G. ZALDUA, MA. VICTORIA B.
ANGELES, NOLASCO K BALIBALOS, EDNA C. BAYUGA, MANUELITO C. BONGABONG, GINA B.
CRISOSTOMO, TERESITA N. CUNANAN, FILIPINA G. DE MESA, LOIDA M. GARCIA, GODREY T.
GOLLAYAN, CYNTHIA B. LAGASCA, DIEMMA C. MUNDO, LEONOR S. PALMA, DELFIN V. PILLE,
PATRICIO G. REYES, JR., LOIDA M. VILLANUEVA, EVA G. ZOSA, FELY C. ARANO, RUEL E. BADINAS,
IMELDA F. BARRACA, HELEN GRACE N. CRUZ, ERNESTO P. GIMAS, ALEX D. GUARDIAN, BEHILDA
L. HEZETA, JOCELYN D. NAGUIT, EDMUNDO A. NUEVO, SOLOMON F. PAZ, LOURDES C. BALING,
EMPERATRIZ N. NEPOMUCENO, ROSAL C. GUARDIAN, REMEDIOS A. ANCHETA, ROSEMARIE L.
BOBIER, MA. ALICIA BONOAN, GEMMA V. BORJA, ANELY BURGO, FINARDO G. CABILAO, ROSALIE
F. DOBLES, EDNA E. FRANCISCO, ANGELINA V. OPLEDA, MARITES K. RANESES, LIBERTY D.
RESTAN, ANNABEL ARRIETA, OSCAR B. BALAYAN, THELMA BALAYAN, JESUSA A. CABILAO, ELISEO
C. COPIAN, FERNANDO C. DELA CRUZ, JESUS S. FAR, JOSE G. FUERTES, HANNIBAL A. GALANG,
RICARDO M. GALING II, ARNEL B. GARCIA, IRISH B. MANJARES, MARITESS M. MARISTELA, SYLVIA
S. RED, ARLENE M. REYES, DELILAH H. SAMSON, FARAH D. SELGA, ERNESTINA Z. SOLLOSO,
HELEN URBANO, MARIVIC L. UY, OLIVIA A. UY, ROMEO S. ZAFRA, CECILIA G. ALEMAN, JULIETA A.
ALFEREZ, PERPETUA BALIBALOS, MARILOU C. BANCUD, ARABECQUE T. BATILONG, PORFIRIO R.
BATUYONG, TONI BINALLA, AIDA E. BORINES, ELISIA D. CLAVANO, ESTER R. EGAMINO, RAMIL R.
EGAMINO, MARIAN L. LOFRANCO, FLORESA T. MARANAN, CYMBELINE S. MARTINEZ, LORELIE A.
SUELO, MARLYN B. AMIGO, LINA A. ARANETA, JOSEPHINE G. BANAAG, ROWENA CABANERO,
IRENE O. DE OCAMPO, LEAH C. EDADES, FILOMENA LA CORTE, MILAGROS P. ORTICIO,
MERLINDA C. SABIO, ADANIA SAKALURAN, PRISCILA M. YBERA, DELIA G. CORPUZ, PILAR B.
MUSCAT, LIGAYA M. ORGANO, BARBARA LUZ R. PEREZ, NIMFA MARIA C. VIDAR, CRISTINO G.
BABIDA, NENITA G. CRUZ, MERLITA B. CRUZADO, AMELITA O. DABBAN, EMMA C. DERICO,
EMMANUEL M. LASAC, ARACELI V. MALABANAN, MA. TERESA T. MONTALBO, LOLITA R. NOBIO,
GUILLERMO A. PINGOL, JR., JUDITH R. VILLEGAS, CONSOLACION O. DELA CRUZ, ROSALINA J.
DITAN, CARMEN I. MONARES, DOMINGO O. JAVIER, JESUS B. REMEGIO, MARILOU S. REMEGIO,
ELSA L. MAGAT, RICARDO P. MASINSIN, SANDRA B. PANAHON, MARIETTA T. FLOTILDES,
petitioners, vs. HON. CORAZON ALMA G. DE LEON, in her capacity as the Secretary of the Dept.
of Social Welfare and Development, respondent.

[G.R. No. 119597. September 11, 1998.]

ASSOCIATION OF DEDICATED EMPLOYEES OF THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM AUTHORITY (ADEPT),
petitioner, vs. COMMISSION ON AUDIT (COA), respondent.
DECISION
PURISIMA, J p:
These are cases for certiorari and prohibition, challenging the constitutionality and validity of
Administrative Order Nos. 29 and 268 on various grounds. LLpr
The facts in G.R. Nos. 109406, 110642, 111494, and 112056 are undisputed, to wit:
Petitioners are officials and employees of several government departments and agencies who
were paid incentive benefits for the year 1992, pursuant to Executive Order No. 292 ("EO 292"),
otherwise known as the Administrative Code of 1987, and the Omnibus Rules Implementing
Book V 2 of EO 292. On January 19, 1993, then President Fidel V. Ramos ("President Ramos")
issued Administrative Order No. 29 ("AO 29") authorizing the grant of productivity incentive
benefits for the year 1992 in the maximum amount of P1,000.00 and reiterating the prohibition
under Section 7 of Administrative Order No. 268 ("AO 268"), enjoining the grant of productivity
incentive benefits without prior approval of the President. Section 4 of AO 29 directed "[a]ll
departments, offices and agencies which authorized payment of CY 1992 Productivity Incentive
Bonus in excess of the amount authorized under Section 1 hereof [are hereby directed] to
immediately cause the return/refund of the excess within a period of six months to commence
fifteen (15) days after the issuance of this Order." In compliance therewith, the heads of the
departments or agencies of the government concerned, who are the herein respondents,
caused the deduction from petitioners' salaries or allowances of the amounts needed to cover
the alleged overpayments. To prevent the respondents from making further deductions from
their salaries or allowances, the petitioners have come before this Court to seek relief.

In G.R. No. 119597, the facts are different but the petition poses a common issue with the other
consolidated cases. The petitioner, Association of Dedicated Employees of the Philippine
Tourism Authority ("ADEPT"), is an association of employees of the Philippine Tourism Authority
("PTA") who were granted productivity incentive bonus for calendar year 1992 pursuant to
Republic Act No. 6971 ("RA 6971"), otherwise known as the Productivity Incentives Act of 1990.
Subject bonus was, however, disallowed by the Corporate Auditor on the ground that it was
"prohibited under Administrative Order No. 29 dated January 19, 1993." The disallowance of
the bonus in question was finally brought on appeal to the Commission on Audit (COA) which
denied the appeal in its Decision 7 of March 6, 1995, ratiocinating, thus:
". . . Firstly, the provisions of RA #6971 insofar as the coverage is concerned, refer to business
enterprises including government owned and/or controlled corporations performing proprietary
functions.
Section 1a of the Supplemental Rules Implementing RA #6971 classified such coverage as:
"All business enterprises, with or without existing duly certified labor organizations, including
government owned and/or controlled corporations performing proprietary functions which are
established solely for business or profit and accordingly excluding those created, maintained or
acquired in pursuance of a policy of the State enunciated in the Constitution, or by law and
those whose officers and employees are covered by the Civil Service. (emphasis supplied)
The PTrA is a GOCC created in pursuance of a policy of the State. Section 9 of Presidential
Decree No. 189 states that "To implement the policies and program of the Department (Dept. of
Tourism), there is hereby created a Philippine Tourism Authority, . . . ." Likewise, Section 21 of
the same decree provides that "All officials and employees of the Authority, . . ., shall be subject
to Civil Service Law, rules and regulations, and the coverage of the Wage and Position
Classification Office."
Furthermore, although Supplemental Rules and Regulations implementing R.A. #6971 was
issued only on December 27, 1991, the law itself is clear that it pertains to private business
enterprises whose employees are covered by the Labor Code of the Philippines, as mentioned in
the following provisions:
"Section 5. Labor Management Committee. . . . that at the request of any party to the
negotiation, the National Wages and Productivity Commission of the Department of Labor and
Employment shall provide the necessary studies, . . . ."
"Section 8. Notification. — A business enterprise which adopts a productivity incentive
program shall submit copies of the same to the National Wages and Productivity Commission
and to the Bureau of Internal Revenue for their information and record."
"Section 9. Disputes and Grievances. — Whenever disputes, grievances, or other matters
arise from the interpretation or implementation of the productivity incentive program, . . . may
seek the assistance of the National Conciliation and Mediation Board of the Department of
Labor and Employment for such purpose. . . ."
Therefore, considering the foregoing, the PTrA is within the "exclusion" provision of the
Implementing Rules of RA #6971 and so, it (PTrA) does not fall within its coverage as being
entitled to the productivity incentive bonus under RA #6971.
Secondly, Administrative Order No. 29 which is the basis for the grant of the productivity
incentive bonus/benefits for CY 1992 also expressly provides "prohibiting payments of similar
benefits in future years unless duly authorized by the President."
Thirdly, the disallowance of the Auditor, PTrA has already been resolved when this Commission
circularized thru COA Memorandum #92-758 dated April 3, 1992 the Supplemental to Rules
Implementing RA 6971 otherwise known as the "Productivity Incentives Act of 1990." . . .
Lastly, considering the title of RA #6971, i.e. "An Act to encourage productivity and maintain
industrial peace by providing incentives to both labor and capital", and its implementing rules
and regulations prepared by the Department of Labor and Employment and the Department of
Finance, this Office concludes that said law/regulation pertains to agencies in the private sector
whose employees are covered by the Labor Code."
With the denial of its appeal, petitioner found its way here via the petition in G.R. No. 119597,
to seek relief from the aforesaid decision of COA.
We will first resolve the issue on the applicability of RA 6971 to petitioner ADEPT in G.R. No.
119597 before passing upon the constitutionality or validity of Administrative Orders 29 and
268.
Section 3 of RA 6971, reads:
"SEC. 3. Coverage. — This Act shall apply to all business enterprises with or without
existing and duly recognized or certified labor organizations, including government-owned and
controlled corporations performing proprietary functions. It shall cover all employees and
workers including casual, regular, supervisory and managerial employees." (emphasis ours)
Pursuant to Section 10 8 of RA 6971, the Secretary of Labor and Secretary of Finance issued
Supplemental Rules to Implement the said law, as follows:
"Section 1. Paragraph (a) Section 1, Rule II of the Rules Implementing RA 6971, shall be
amended to read as follows:
Coverage. These Rules shall apply to:
(a) All business enterprises with or without existing duly certified labor organizations,
including government-owned and controlled corporations performing proprietary functions
which are established solely for business or profit or gain and accordingly excluding those
created, maintained or acquired in pursuance of a policy of the state, enunciated in the
Constitution or by law, and those whose officers and employees are covered by the Civil Service.
(emphasis ours)
xxx xxx xxx"
Petitioner contends that the PTA is a government-owned and controlled corporation performing
proprietary function, and therefore the Secretary of Labor and Employment and Secretary of
Finance exceeded their authority in issuing the afore-stated Supplemental Rules Implementing
RA 6971.
Government-owned and controlled corporations may perform governmental or proprietary
functions or both, depending on the purpose for which they have been created. If the purpose
is to obtain special corporate benefits or earn pecuniary profit, the function is proprietary. If it is
in the interest of health, safety and for the advancement of public good and welfare, affecting
the public in general, the function is governmental. 9 Powers classified as "proprietary" are
those intended for private advantage and benefit. 10
The PTA was established by Presidential Decree No. 189, as amended by Presidential Decree No.
564 ("PD 564").
Its general purposes 11 are:
1. To implement the policies and programs of the Department of Tourism ("Department");
2. To develop tourist zones;
3. To assist private enterprises in undertaking tourism projects;
4. To operate and maintain tourist facilities;
5. To assure land availability for private investors in hotels and other tourist facilities;
6. To coordinate all tourism project plans and operations.
Its specific functions and powers 12 are:
1. Planning and development of tourism projects
a. To assist the Department make a comprehensive survey of the physical and natural
tourism resources of the Philippines; to establish the order of priority for development of said
areas; to recommend to the President the proclamation of a tourist zone; and to define and fix
the boundaries of the zone;
b. To formulate a development plan for each zone;
c. To submit to the President through the National Economic and Development Authority
for review and approval all development plans before the same are enforced or implemented;
d. To submit to the President an Annual Progress Report;
e. To assist the Department to determine the additional capacity requirements for various
tourist facilities and services; to prepare a ten-year Tourism Priorities Plan; to update annually
the ten year Tourism Priorities Plan.
f. To gather, collate and analyze statistical data and other pertinent information for the
effective implementation of PD 564.
2. Acquisition and disposition of lands and other assets for tourist zone purposes
a. To acquire possession and ownership of all lands transferred to it from other
government corporations and institutions and any land having tourism potential and earmarked
in the Tourism Priorities Plans for intensive development into a tourist zone or as a part thereof,
subject to the approval of the President.
b. To acquire by purchase, by negotiation or by condemnation proceedings any private land
within and without the tourist zones for any of the following reasons: (a) consolidation of lands
for tourist zone development purposes, (b) prevention of land speculation in areas declared as
tourist zones, (c) acquisition of right of way to the zones, (d) protection of water shed areas and
natural assets with tourism value, and (e) for any other purpose expressly authorized under PD
564.
c. For the purpose of providing land acquisition assistance to registered tourism
enterprises, to sell, subdivide, resell, lease, sublease, rent out, or otherwise, to said registered
tourism enterprises under sufficiently soft terms for use specifically in the development of
hotels, recreational facilities, and other tourist services.
d. To develop and/or subdivide any land in its name or undertake condominium projects
thereon, and sell subdivision lots or condominium units to private persons for investment
purposes.
e. To take over or transfer to a registered tourism enterprise in accordance with law any
lease on foreshore areas within a tourist zone or adjacent thereto, in cases said areas are not
being utilized in accordance with the PTA's approved zone development plan and wherein the
lessee concerned does not agree to conform accordingly.
f. To arrange for the reclamation of any land adjacent to or adjoining a tourist zone in
coordination with appropriate government agencies.
3. Infrastructure development for tourist zone purposes
a. To contract, supervise and pay for infrastructure works and civil works within a tourist
zone owned and operated by the PTA..
b. To coordinate with appropriate government agencies the development of infrastructure
requirements supporting a tourist zone.
c. To take water from any public stream, river, creek, lake, spring, or waterfall and to alter,
straighten, obstruct or increase the flow of water in streams.
4. Zone administration and control
a. To formulate and implement zoning regulations.
b. To determine and regulate the enterprises to be established within a tourist zone.
c To ensure, through the proper authorities concerned, the ecological preservation,
maintenance and/or rehabilitation of the common and the public areas within a tourist zone
and the environment thereof.
d. To identify and recommend to the President the preservation and/or restoration of
national monuments or preserves; to arrange for the preservation and/or restoration of the
same with appropriate government agencies or with the private sector or with the owners
themselves of said tourist attractions; and to identify and recommend to the appropriate
authorities concerned the declaration of tourist areas and attractions as national monuments
and preserves.
5. Project and investment promotions
a. To identify, develop, invest in, own, manage and operate such projects as it may deem to
be vital for recreation and rest but not sufficiently attractive economically for private
investment.
b. To construct hotel buildings and other tourist facilities within a tourist zone and in turn
lease such facilities to registered tourism enterprises for operation, management and
maintenance.
c. To organize, finance, invest in, manage and operate wholly-owned subsidiary
corporations.
6. Direct assistance to registered enterprises
a. To administer the tax and other incentives granted to registered enterprises.
b. To evaluate, approve and register or reject any and all tourism projects or enterprises
established within the tourist zones.
c. To grant medium and long-term loans and/or re-lend any funds borrowed for the
purpose to duly qualified registered tourism enterprises.
d. To guarantee local and foreign borrowings of registered enterprises.
e. To provide equity investments in the form of cash and/or land.
f. To extend technical, management and financial assistance to tourism projects.
g. To identify, contact and assist in negotiations of suitable partners for both local and
foreign investors interested in investment or participation in the tourism industry.
h. To assist registered enterprises and prospective investors to have their papers processed
with dispatch by government offices.
7. Other powers and functions
a. To engage or retain the services of financial, management, legal, technical, and/or
project consultants from the private or government sector.
b. To have the power to succeed by its corporate name.
c. To adopt, alter, and use a corporate seal.
d. To sue and be sued under its corporate name.
e. To enter into any contracts of any kind and description.
f. To own or possess personal and/or real property.
g. To make, adopt and enforce rules and regulations to execute its powers, duties and
functions.
h. To purchase, hold, and alienate shares of stock or bonds of any corporation.
i. To collect fees or charges as may be imposed under PD 564.
j. To contract indebtedness and issue bonds.
k. To fix and collect rentals for the lease, use or occupancy of lands, buildings, or other
property owned or administered by PTA..
l. To do any and all acts and things necessary to carry out the purposes for which the PTA
is created.
Categorized in light of the foregoing provisions of law in point, PTA's governmental functions
include the first, third, fourth, and sixth of the aforesaid general purposes. The second 13 and
fifth general purposes fall under its proprietary functions.
With respect to PTA's specific functions and powers, the first and fourth are governmental in
nature while the fifth specific functions and powers are proprietary in character. The second,
third, sixth, and seventh specific functions and powers can be considered partly-governmental
and partly-proprietary, considering that 2(a), 2(b), 2(c), 2(d), 2(e), 3(a), 6(c), 6(d), 6(e), 7(h), 7(j),
and 7(k) are proprietary functions while 2(f), 3(b), 3(c), 6(a), 6(b), 6(f), 6(g), 6(h), 7(a), 7(b), 7(c),
7(d), 7(f), 7(g), and 7(l) are governmental functions. The specific functions and powers treated in
7(e) and 7(i) may be classified either as proprietary or governmental, depending on the
circumstances under which they are exercised or performed.
The aforecited powers and functions of PTA are predominantly governmental, principally geared
towards the development and promotion in the scenic Philippine archipelago. But it is
irrefutable that PTA also performs proprietary functions, as envisaged by its charter.
Reliance on the above analysis of the functions and powers of PTA does not suffice for the
determination of whether or not it is within the coverage of RA 6971. For us to resolve the
issues raised here solely on the basis of the classification of PTA's powers and functions may
lead to the rendition of judgment repugnant to the legislative intent and to established
doctrines, as well, such as on the prohibition against government workers to strike. Under RA
6971, the workers have the right to strike.
To ascertain whether PTA is within the ambit of RA 6971, there is need to find out the legislative
intent, and to refer to other provisions of RA 6971 and other pertinent laws, that may aid the
Court in ruling on the right of officials and employees of PTA to receive bonuses under RA 6971.
Petitioner cites an entry in the journal of the House of Representatives to buttress its
submission that PTA is within the coverage of RA 6971, to wit:
"Chairman Veloso: The intent of including government-owned and controlled corporations
within the coverage of the Act is the recognition of the principle that when government goes
into business, it (divests) itself of its immunity from suit and goes down to the level of ordinary
private enterprises and subjects itself to the ordinary laws of the land just like ordinary private
enterprises. Now, when people work therefore in government-owned or controlled
corporations, it is as if they are also, just like in the private sector, entitled to all the benefits of
all laws that apply to workers in the private sector. In my view, even including the right to
organize, bargain . . ." VELOSO (Bicameral Conference Committee on Labor and Employment,
pp. 15-16)
After a careful study, the Court is of the view, and so holds, that contrary to petitioner's
interpretation, the government-owned and controlled corporations Mr. Chairman Veloso had in
mind were government-owned and controlled corporations incorporated under the general
corporation law. This is so because only workers in private corporations and government-owned
and controlled corporations, incorporated under the general corporation law, have the right to
bargain (collectively). Those in government corporations with special charter, which are subject
to Civil Service Laws, have no right to bargain (collectively), except where the terms and
conditions of employment are not fixed by law. Their rights and duties are not comparable with
those in the private sector.
"Since the terms and conditions of government employment are fixed by law, government
workers cannot use the same weapons employed by workers in the private sector to secure
concessions from their employers. The principle behind labor unionism in private industry is
that industrial peace cannot be secured through compulsion by law. Relations between private
employers and their employees rest on an essentially voluntary basis. Subject to the minimum
requirements of wage laws and other labor and welfare legislation, the terms and conditions of
employment in the unionized private sector are settled through the process of collective
bargaining. In government employment, however, it is the legislature and, where properly given
delegated power, the administrative heads of government which fix the terms and conditions of
employment. And this is effected through statutes or administrative circulars, rules, and
regulations, not through collective bargaining agreements." (Alliance of Government Workers v.
Minister of Labor and Employment, 124 SCRA 1) (emphasis ours)
Government corporations may be created by special charters or by incorporation under the
general corporation law. Those created by special charters are governed by the Civil Service Law
while those incorporated under the general corporation law are governed by the Labor Code.
The legislative intent to place only government-owned and controlled corporations performing
proprietary functions under the coverage of RA 6971 is gleanable from the other provisions of
the law. For instance, section 2 of said law envisions "industrial peace and harmony" and "to
provide corresponding incentives to both labor and capital;" section 4 refers to "representatives
of labor and management;" section 5 mentions of "collective bargaining agent(s) of the
bargaining unit(s);" section 6 relates to "existing collective bargaining agreements," and "labor
and management;" section 7 speaks of "strike or lockout;" and section 9 purports to "seek the
assistance of the National Conciliation and Mediation Board of the Department of Labor and
Employment" and "include the name(s) of the voluntary arbitrators or panel of voluntary
arbitrator." All the afore-cited provisions of law apply only to private corporations and
government-owned and controlled corporations organized under the general corporation law.
Only they have collective bargaining agents, collective bargaining units, collective bargaining
agreements, and the right to strike or lockout.
To repeat, employees of government corporations created by special charters have neither the
right to strike nor the right to bargain collectively, as defined in the Labor Code. The case of
Social Security System Employees Association indicates the following remedy of government
workers not allowed to strike or bargain collectively, to wit:
"Government employees may, therefore, through their unions or associations, either petition
the Congress for the betterment of the terms and conditions of employment which are within
the ambit of legislation or negotiate with the appropriate government agencies for the
improvement of those which are not fixed by law. If there be any unresolved grievances, the
dispute may be referred to the Public Sector Labor-Management Council for appropriate action.
But employees in the civil service may not resort to strikes, walkouts and other temporary work
stoppages, like workers in the private sector, to pressure the Government to accede to their
demands." (supra, footnote 14, p. 698; emphasis ours)
It is a rule in statutory construction that every part of the statute must be interpreted with
reference to the context, i.e., that every part of the statute must be considered together with
the other parts, and kept subservient to the general intent of the whole enactment. The
provisions of RA 6971, taken together, reveal the legislative intent to include only government-
owned and controlled corporations performing proprietary functions within its coverage.
Every statute must be construed and harmonized with other statutes as to form a uniform
system of jurisprudence. 24 We note Section 1, Rule X of the Omnibus Rules Implementing Book
V of EO 292, which reads:
"SEC. 1. Each department or agency of government, whether national or local, including
bureaus and agencies, state colleges and universities, and government owned and controlled
corporations with original charters, shall establish its own Department or Agency Employee
Suggestions and Incentives Award System in accordance with these Rules and shall submit the
same to the Commission for approval. (emphasis ours)
It is thus evident that PTA, being a government-owned and controlled corporation with original
charter subject to Civil Service Law, Rules and Regulations, is already within the scope of an
incentives award system under Section 1, Rule X of the Omnibus Rules Implementing EO 292
issued by the Civil Service Commission ("Commission"). Since government-owned and
controlled corporations with original charters do have an incentive award system, Congress
enacted a law that would address the same concern of officials and employees of government-
owned and controlled corporations incorporated under the general corporation law.
All things studiedly considered in proper perspective, the Court finds no reversible error in the
finding by respondent Commission that PTA is not within the purview of RA 6971. As regards the
promulgation of implementing rules and regulations, it bears stressing that the "power of
administrative officials to promulgate rules in the implementation of the statute is necessarily
limited to what is provided for in the legislative enactment." In the case under scrutiny, the
Supplementary Rules Implementing RA 6971 issued by the Secretary of Labor and Employment
and the Secretary of Finance accord with the intendment and provisions of RA 6971.
Consequently, not being covered by RA 6971, AO 29 applies to the petitioner.
We now tackle the common issue posited by the consolidated petitions on the constitutionality
of AO 29 and AO 268.
Petitioners contend and argue, that:
I. AO 29 AND AO 268 ARE VIOLATIVE OF THE PROVISIONS OF EO 292 AND, HENCE, NULL
AND VOID.
II. AO 29 AND AO 268 UNLAWFULLY USURP THE CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY GRANTED
SOLELY TO THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION.
III. THE FORCED REFUND OF INCENTIVE PAY IS AN UNCONSTITUTIONAL IMPAIRMENT OF A
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION.
IV. ASSUMING, FOR THE SAKE OF ARGUMENT ONLY, THAT THE GRANT OF PRODUCTIVITY
INCENTIVE BENEFITS WAS INVALID, THE SAME SHOULD BE THE PERSONAL LIABILITY OF
OFFICIALS DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE THEREFOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 9 OF AO 268.
Issued by the then President Corazon Aquino ("President Aquino") on July 25, 1987 in the
exercise of her legislative powers under the 1987 Constitution, EO 292, or the Administrative
Code of 1987, provided for the following incentive award system:
"Sec. 31. Career and Personnel Development Plans. — Each department or agency shall
prepare a career and personnel development plan which shall be integrated into a national plan
by the Commission. Such career and personnel development plans which shall include
provisions on merit promotions, performance evaluation, in-service training, including overseas
and local scholarships and training grants, job rotation, suggestions and incentive award
systems, and such other provisions for employees' health, welfare, counseling, recreation and
similar services.
Sec. 35. Employee Suggestions and Incentive Award System. — There shall be established
a government-wide employee suggestions and incentive awards system which shall be
administered under such rules, regulations, and standards as maybe promulgated by the
Commission.
In accordance with rules, regulations, and standards promulgated by the Commission, the
President or the head of each department or agency is authorized to incur whatever necessary
expenses involved in the honorary recognition of subordinate officers and employees of the
government who by their suggestions, inventions, superior accomplishment, and other personal
efforts contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of government operations,
or who perform such other extraordinary acts or services in the public interest in connection
with, or in relation to, their official employment."
Sec. 36. Personnel Relations. — (1) It shall be the concern of the Commission to provide
leadership and assistance in developing employee relations programs in the department or
agencies.
(2) Every Secretary or head of agency shall take all proper steps toward the creation of an
atmosphere conducive to good supervisor-employee relations and the improvement of
employee morale."
Pursuant to the provision of Section 12(2), 28 Chapter 3, Book V of EO 292, the Commission
adopted and prescribed the Omnibus Rules Implementing Book V of EO 292 which, among
others, provide:
"Sec. 1. Each department or agency of government, whether national or local, including
bureaus and agencies, state colleges and universities, and government owned and controlled
corporations with original charters, shall establish its own Department or Agency Employee
Suggestions and Incentives Award System in accordance with these Rules and shall submit the
same to the Commission for approval."
"Sec. 2. The System is designed to encourage creativity, innovativeness, efficiency,
integrity and productivity in the public service by recognizing and rewarding officials and
employees, individually or in groups, for their suggestions, inventions, superior
accomplishments, and other personal efforts which contribute to the efficiency, economy, or
other improvement in government operations, or for other extraordinary acts of services in the
public interest.
xxx xxx xxx"
"Sec. 7. The incentive awards shall consist of, though not limited to, the following:
xxx xxx xxx
(c) Productivity Incentive which shall be given to an employee or group of employees who
has exceeded their targets or has incurred incremental improvement over existing targets.
On February 21, 1992, President Aquino issued AO 268 which granted "each official and
employee of the government the productivity incentive benefits in a maximum amount
equivalent to thirty percent (30%) of his one (1) month basic salary but in no case shall such
amount be less than two thousand pesos (P2,000.00)," 29 for those who have rendered at least
one year of service as of December 31, 1991. 30 Said AO carried the prohibition, provided in
Section 7 thereof, which reads:
"SEC. 7. The productivity incentive benefits herein authorized shall be granted only for
Calendar Year 1991. Accordingly, all heads of agencies, including the governing boards of
government-owned or -controlled corporations and financial institutions, are hereby strictly
prohibited from authorizing/granting productivity incentive benefits or other allowances of
similar nature for Calendar Year 1992 and future years pending the result of a comprehensive
study being undertaken by the Office of the President in coordination with the Civil Service
Commission and the Department of Budget and Management on the matter.
The formulation of the necessary implementing guidelines for Executive Order No. 486 dated 8
November 1991 establishing a performance-based incentive system for government-owned or
-controlled corporations shall likewise be included in the comprehensive study referred to in the
preceding paragraph."
On January 19, 1993, President Ramos issued AO 29 which granted productivity incentive
benefits to government employees in the maximum amount of P1,000.00 for the calendar year
1992 but reiterated the proscription under Section 7 of AO 268, thus:
"SEC. 2. The prohibition prescribed under Section 7 of Administrative Order No. 268 is
hereby reiterated. Accordingly, all heads of government offices/agencies, including government-
owned and/or controlled corporations, as well as their respective governing boards are hereby
enjoined and prohibited from authorizing/granting Productivity Incentive Benefits or any and all
similar forms of allowances/benefits without prior approval and authorization via
Administrative Order by the Office of the President. Henceforth, anyone found violating any of
the mandates in this Order, including all officials/employees and the COA Auditor-in-Charge of
such government office/agency found to have taken part thereof, shall be accordingly and
severely dealt with in accordance with the applicable provisions of existing penal laws.
Consequently, all administrative authorizations to grant any form of allowances/benefits and all
forms of additional compensation usually paid outside of the prescribed basic salary under R.A.
No. 6758, the Salary Standardization Law that are inconsistent with the legislated policy on the
matter or are not covered by any legislative action are hereby revoked.
The implementation of Executive Order No. 486 dated November 8, 1991, as amended by
Executive Order No. 518 dated May 29, 1992, is hereby deferred until a more comprehensive
and equitable scheme for the grant of the benefits that can be applied government-wide is
formulated by the Department of Budget and Management."
Petitioners theorize that AO 29 and AO 268 violate EO 292 and since the latter is a law, it
prevails over executive issuances. Petitioners likewise assert that AO 29 and AO 268 encroach
upon the constitutional authority of the Civil Service Commission to adopt measures to
strengthen the merit and rewards system and to promulgate rules, regulations and standards
governing the incentive awards system of the civil service.
The Court is not impressed with petitioners' submission. AO 29 and AO 268 were issued in the
valid exercise of presidential control over the executive departments.
In establishing a Civil Service Commission, the 1987 Constitution delineated its function, as
follows: cdphil
"The Civil Service Commission, as the central personnel agency of the Government, shall
establish a career service and adopt measures to promote morale, efficiency, integrity,
responsiveness, progressiveness, and courtesy in the civil service. It shall strengthen the merit
and rewards system, integrate all human resources development programs for all levels and
ranks, and institutionalize a management climate conducive to public accountability. It shall
submit to the President and the Congress an annual report on its personnel programs." (Section
3, Article IX, B, 1987 Constitution)
The Commission handles personnel matters of the government . As the central personnel agency
of the Government, it is tasked to formulate and establish a system of incentives and rewards
for officials and employees in the public sector, alike.
The functions of the Commission have been decentralized to the different departments, offices,
and agencies of the government —
"SEC. 1. Declaration of Policy. — The State shall insure and promote the Constitutional
mandate that appointments in the Civil Service shall be made only according to merit and
fitness, that the Civil Service Commission, as the central personnel agency of the Government
shall establish a career service, adopt measures to promote morale, efficiency, integrity,
responsiveness, and courtesy in the civil service, strengthen the merit and rewards system,
integrate all human resources development programs for all levels and ranks, and
institutionalize a management climate conducive to public accountability; that public office is a
public trust and public officers and employees must at all times be accountable to the people;
and that personnel functions shall be decentralized, delegating the corresponding authority to
the departments, offices and agencies where such functions can be effectively performed."
(Section 1, Chapter I, Subtitle A, Title I, EO 292) (emphasis ours)
Specifically, implementation of the Employee Suggestions and Incentive Award System has
been decentralized to the “President” or to the head of each department or agency —
"Sec. 35. Employee Suggestions and Incentive Award System. — There shall be established
a government-wide employee suggestions and incentive awards system which shall be
administered under such rules, and regulations, and standards as maybe promulgated by the
Commission.
In accordance with rules, regulations, and standards promulgated by the Commission, the
President or the head of each department or agencies authorized to incur whatever necessary
expenses involved in the honorary recognition of subordinate officers and employees of the
government who by their suggestions, inventions, superior accomplishment, and other personal
efforts contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of government operations,
or who perform such other extraordinary acts or services in the public interest in connection
with, or in relation to, their official employment." (EO 292) (emphasis ours)
The President is the head of the government. Governmental power and authority are
exercised and implemented through him. His power includes the control over executive
departments —
"The president shall have control of all the executive departments, bureaus, and offices. He shall
ensure that the laws be faithfully executed." (Section 17, Article VII, 1987 Constitution)
Control means "the power of an officer to alter or modify or set aside what a subordinate
officer had done in the performance of his duties and to substitute the judgment of the former
for that of the latter ." It has been held that "[t]he President can, by virtue of his power of
control, review, modify, alter or nullify any action, or decision, of his subordinate in the
executive departments, bureaus, or offices under him. He can exercise this power motu
proprio without need of any appeal from any party."
When the President issued AO 29 limiting the amount of incentive benefits, enjoining heads of
government agencies from granting incentive benefits without prior approval from him, and
directing the refund of the excess over the prescribed amount , the President was just
exercising his power of control over executive departments. This is decisively clear from the
WHEREAS CLAUSES of AO 268 and AO 29, to wit:
ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 268
"xxx xxx xxx
WHEREAS, the productivity incentive benefits granted by the different agencies are of varying
amounts, causing dissension/demoralization on the part of those who had received less and
those who have not yet received any such benefit, thereby defeating the purpose for which the
same should be granted; and
WHEREAS, there exists the need to regulate the grant of the productivity incentive benefits or
other similar allowances in conformity with the policy on standardization of compensation
pursuant to Republic Act No. 6758;
xxx xxx xxx"
ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 29
"xxx xxx xxx
WHEREAS, the faithful implementation of statutes, including the Administrative Code of 1987
and all laws governing all forms of additional compensation and personnel benefits is a
Constitutional prerogative vested in the President of the Philippines under Section 17, Article VII
of the 1987 Constitution;
WHEREAS, the Constitutional prerogative includes the determination of the rates, the timing
and schedule of payment, and final authority to commit limited resources of government for
the payment of personnel incentives, cash awards, productivity bonus, and other forms of
additional compensation and fringe benefits;
WHEREAS, some government agencies have overlooked said Constitutional prerogative and
have unilaterally granted to their respective officials and employees incentive awards;
WHEREAS, the Office of the President issued Administrative Order No. 268, dated February 21,
1992, strictly prohibiting the grant of Productivity Incentive Bonus or other allowances of similar
nature for Calendar Year 1992 and future years pending the issuance of the requisite
authorization by the President;
WHEREAS, notwithstanding said prohibition some government offices/agencies and
government-owned and/or controlled corporations and financial institutions have granted
productivity incentive benefits in varying nomenclature and amounts without the proper
authorization/coordination with the Office of the President;
WHEREAS, the unilateral and uncoordinated grant of productivity incentive benefits gave rise to
discontentment, dissatisfaction and demoralization among government personnel who have
received less or have not received at all such benefits;
xxx xxx xxx"
The President issued subject Administrative Orders to regulate the grant of productivity
incentive benefits and to prevent discontentment, dissatisfaction and demoralization among
government personnel by committing limited resources of government for the equal payment
of incentives and awards. The President was only exercising his power of control by modifying
the acts of the respondents who granted incentive benefits to their employees without
appropriate clearance from the Office of the President, thereby resulting in the uneven
distribution of government resources. In the view of the President, respondents did a mistake
which had to be corrected. In so acting, the President exercised a constitutionally-protected
prerogative —
"The President's duty to execute the law is of constitutional origin. So, too, is his control of all
executive departments. Thus it is, that department heads are men of his confidence. His is the
power to appoint them; his, too, is the privilege to dismiss them at pleasure. Naturally, he
controls and directs their acts. Implicit then is his authority to go over, confirm, modify or
reverse the action taken by his department secretaries. In this context, it may not be said that
the President cannot rule on the correctness of a decision of a department secretary. (Lacson-
Magallanes Co., Inc. v. Paño, 21 SCRA 898)
Neither can it be said that the President encroached upon the authority of the Commission on
Civil Service to grant benefits to government personnel. AO 29 and AO 268 did not revoke the
privilege of employees to receive incentive benefits. The same merely regulated the grant and
amount thereof.
Sound management and effective utilization of financial resources of government are basically
executive functions, not the Commission's. Implicit is this recognition in EO 292, which states:
"Sec. 35. Employee Suggestions and Incentive Award System. — There shall be established
a government-wide employee suggestions and incentive awards system which shall be
administered under such rules, regulations, and standards as maybe promulgated by the
Commission.
In accordance with rules, regulations, and standards promulgated by the Commission, the
President or the head of each department or agency is authorized to incur whatever necessary
expenses involved in the honorary recognition of subordinate officers and employees of the
government who by their suggestions, inventions, superior accomplishment, and other personal
efforts contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of government operations,
or who perform such other extraordinary acts or services in the public interest in connection
with, or in relation to, their official employment." (Chapter 5, Subtitle A, Book V) (emphasis
ours)
Conformably, it is "the President or the head of each department or agency who is authorized
to incur the necessary expenses involved in the honorary recognition of subordinate officers
and employees of the government." It is not the duty of the Commission to fix the amount of
the incentives. Such function belongs to the President or his duly empowered alter ego.
Anent petitioners' contention that the forcible refund of incentive benefits is an
unconstitutional impairment of a contractual obligation, suffice it to state that "[n]ot all
contracts entered into by the government will operate as a waiver of its non-suability;
distinction must be made between its sovereign and proprietary acts (United States of America
v. Ruiz, 136 SCRA 487)" 35 The acts involved in this case are governmental. Besides, the Court is
in agreement with the Solicitor General that the incentive pay or benefit is in the nature of a
bonus which is not a demandable or enforceable obligation.
It is understood that the Judiciary, Civil Service Commission, Commission on Audit, Commission
on Elections, and Office of the Ombudsman, which enjoy fiscal autonomy, are not covered by
the amount fixed by the President. As explained in Bengzon vs. Drilon (208 SCRA 133):
"As envisioned in the Constitution, the fiscal autonomy enjoyed by the Judiciary, the Civil
Service Commission, the Commission on Audit, the Commission on Elections, and the Office of
the Ombudsman contemplates a guarantee of full flexibility to allocate and utilize their
resources with the wisdom and dispatch that their needs require. It recognizes the power and
authority to levy, assess and collect fees, fix rates of compensation not exceeding the highest
rates authorized by law for compensation and pay plans of the government and allocate and
disburse such sums as may be provided by law or prescribed by them in the course of the
discharge of their functions.
"Fiscal autonomy means freedom from outside control. If the Supreme Court says it needs 100
typewriters but DBM rules we need only 10 typewriters and sends its recommendations to
Congress without even informing us, the autonomy given by the Constitution becomes an
empty and illusory platitude.
"The Judiciary, the Constitutional Commissions, and the Ombudsman must have the
independence and flexibility needed in the discharge of their constitutional duties. The
imposition of restrictions and constraints on the manner the independent constitutional offices
allocate and utilize the funds appropriated for their operations is anathema to fiscal autonomy
and violative not only of the express mandate of the Constitution but especially as regards the
Supreme Court, of the independence and separation of powers upon which the entire fabric of
our constitutional system is based. In the interest of comity and cooperation, the Supreme
Court, Constitutional Commissions, and the Ombudsman have so far limited their objections to
constant reminders. We now agree with the petitioners that this grant of autonomy should
cease to be a meaningless provision."
Untenable is petitioners' contention that the herein respondents be held personally liable for
the refund in question. Absent a showing of bad faith or malice, public officers are not
personally liable for damages resulting from the performance of official duties.
Every public official is entitled to the presumption of good faith in the discharge of official
duties. Absent any showing of bad faith or malice, there is likewise a presumption of regularity
in the performance of official duties.
In upholding the constitutionality of AO 268 and AO 29, the Court reiterates the well-
entrenched doctrine that "in interpreting statutes, that which will avoid a finding of
unconstitutionality is to be preferred."
Considering, however, that all the parties here acted in good faith, we cannot countenance the
refund of subject incentive benefits for the year 1992, which amounts the petitioners have
already received. Indeed, no indicia of bad faith can be detected under the attendant facts and
circumstances. The officials and chiefs of offices concerned disbursed such incentive benefits in
the honest belief that the amounts given were due to the recipients and the latter accepted the
same with gratitude, confident that they richly deserve such benefits.
WHEREFORE, the Petitions in G.R. Nos. 109406, 110642, 111494, and 112056 are hereby
DISMISSED, and as above ratiocinated, further deductions from the salaries and allowances of
petitioners are hereby ENJOINED.

In G.R. No. 119597, the assailed Decision of respondent Commission on Audit is AFFIRMED. No
pronouncement as to costs.

SO ORDERED.

Narvasa, C .J ., Davide, Jr., Romero, Bellosillo, Melo, Puno, Vitug, Kapunan, Mendoza,
Panganiban, Martinez and Quisumbing, JJ ., concur.
Regalado, J ., on official leave.

Footnotes
1. The applicable provisions are contained in Chapter 5, Subtitle A, Title I of Book V:
"Sec. 31. Career and Personnel Development Plans. — Each department or agency shall
prepare a career and personnel development plan which shall be integrated into a national plan
by the Commission. Such career and development plans which shall include provisions on merit
promotions, performance evaluation, in-service training, including overseas and local
scholarships and training grants, job rotation, suggestions and incentive award systems, and
such other provisions for employees' health, welfare, counseling, recreation and similar
services."
Sec. 35. Employee Suggestions and Incentive Award System. — There shall be established
a government-wide employee suggestions and incentive awards system which shall be
administered under such rules, regulations, and standards as maybe promulgated by the
Commission.
In accordance with rules, regulations, and standards promulgated by the Commission, the
President or the head of each department or agency is authorized to incur whatever necessary
expenses involved in the honorary recognition of subordinate officers and employees of the
government who by their suggestions, inventions, superior accomplishment, and other personal
efforts contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of government operations
or who perform such other extraordinary acts or services in the public interest in connection
with, or in relation to, their official employment."
2. "Sec. 36. Personnel Relations. — (1) It shall be the concern of the Commission to
provide leadership and assistance in developing employee relations programs in the
department or agencies.
(2) Every Secretary or head of agency shall take all proper steps toward the creation of an
atmosphere conducive to good supervisor-employee relations and the improvement of
employee morale."
The applicable provisions are contained in Sections 1, 2 and 7 (c) of Rule X:
"Sec. 1. Each department or agency of government, whether national or local, including
bureaus and agencies state colleges and universities, and government owned and controlled
corporations with original charters, shall establish its own Department or Agency Employee
Suggestions and Incentives Award System in accordance with these Rules and shall submit the
same to the Commission for approval."
"Sec. 2. The System is designed to encourage creativity, innovativeness, efficiency,
integrity and productivity in the public service by recognizing and rewarding officials and
employees, individually or in groups, for their suggestions, inventions, superior
accomplishments, and other personal efforts which contribute to the efficiency, economy, or
other improvement in government operations, or for other extraordinary acts of services in the
public interest.
xxx xxx xxx"
3. Sec. 7. — The incentive awards shall consist of, though not limited to, the following:
xxx xxx xxx
"(c) Productivity Incentive which shall be given to an employee or group of employees who
has exceeded their targets or has incurred incremental improvement over existing targets."
"SEC. 1. All agencies of the National Government, including government-owned and/or
-controlled corporations and government financial institutions, and local government units are
hereby authorized to grant productivity incentive benefits in the maximum amount of ONE
THOUSAND PESOS (P1,000.00) each to their permanent and full-time temporary and casual
employees, including contractual personnel with employment in the nature of regular
employee, who have rendered at least one (1) year of service in the Government as of
December 31, 1992."
4. SEC. 2. The prohibition prescribed under Section 7 of Administrative Order No. 268 is
hereby reiterated. Accordingly, all heads of government offices/agencies, government-owned
and/or controlled corporations, as well as their respective governing boards are hereby
enjoined and prohibited from authorizing/granting Productivity Incentive Benefits or any and all
similar forms of allowances/benefits without prior approval and authorization via
Administrative Order by the Office of the President. Henceforth, anyone found violating any of
the mandates in this Order, including all officials/employees and the COA Auditor-in-Charge of
such government office/agency found to have taken part thereof, shall be accordingly and
severely dealt with in accordance with the applicable provisions of existing penal laws.
Consequently, all administrative authorizations to grant any form of allowances/benefits and all
forms of additional compensation usually paid outside of the prescribed basic salary under R.A.
No. 6758, the Salary Standardization Law, that are inconsistent with the legislated policy on the
matter or are not covered by any legislative action are hereby revoked.
The implementation of Executive Order No. 486 dated November 8, 1991, as amended by
Executive Order No. 518 dated May 29, 1992, is hereby deferred until a more comprehensive
and equitable scheme for the grant of the benefits that can be applied government-wide is
formulated by the Department of Budget and Management."
5. "SEC. 7. The productivity incentive benefits herein authorized shall be granted
only for Calendar Year 1991. Accordingly, all heads of agencies, including the governing boards
of government-owned or -controlled corporations and financial institutions, are hereby strictly
prohibited from authorizing/granting productivity incentive benefits or other allowances of
similar nature for Calendar Year 1992 and future years pending the result of a comprehensive
study being undertaken by the Office of the President in coordination with the Civil Service
Commission and the Department of Budget and Management on the matter.
The formulation of the necessary implementing guidelines for Executive Order No. 486 dated 8
November 1991 establishing a performance-based incentive system for government-owned or
-controlled corporations shall likewise be included in the comprehensive study referred to in the
preceding paragraph."
6. Rollo, G.R. No. 119597, p. 29.
7. Ibid, pp. 21-23.
8. SEC. 10. Rule Making Power — The Secretary of Labor and Employment and the
Secretary of Finance, after due notice and hearing, shall jointly promulgate and issue within six
(6) months from the effectivity of this Act such rules and regulations as are necessary to carry
out the provisions hereof."
9. Department of Public Services and Labor Unions v. the Court of Industrial Relations, 1
SCRA 319.
10. Words and Phrases, "Proprietary Function."
11. Section 4, Presidential Decree No. 564.
12. Section 5, Presidential Decree No. 564.
13. The full text of the second general purpose reads:
"(b) Develop tourist zones. — To promote the development into integrated resort complexes
of selected and well defined geographic areas with potential tourism value, known otherwise as
'tourist zones', wherein optimum use of natural assets and attractions as well as existing
facilities and concentration of efforts and limited resources of both government and private
sector may be effected and realized in order to generate foreign exchange as well as other
tourist receipts. Such tourist zones shall consist of substantially undeveloped areas the
ownership of which may partially or wholly acquired by the Authority or whose existing owners
may choose to contribute their property into a consortium or in a new corporation in which the
Authority shall participate, which in any case shall be under the control of the Authority as to
the manner of development to be undertaken within the zone."
14. Social Security System Employees Association (SSSEA) v. Court of Appeals, 175 SCRA 686,
696.
"Considering that under the 1987 Constitution '[t]he civil service embraces all branches,
subdivisions, instrumentalities, and agencies of the Government, including government-owned
or -controlled corporations with original charters' [Art. IX (B), Sec. 2(1); see also Sec. 1 of E.O.
No. 180 where the employees in the civil service are denominated as government employees]
and that the SSS is one such government-controlled corporation with an original charter, having
been created under R.A. No. 1161, its employees are part of the civil service [NASECO v. NLRC,
G.R. Nos. 69870 & 70295, November 24, 1988] and are covered by the Civil Service
Commission's memorandum prohibiting strikes."
15. Section 13, Executive Order No. 180.
16. Section 2 (1), Article IX, B. 1987 Constitution; PNOC-Energy Development Corporation v.
Leogardo, 175 SCRA 26; National Service Corporation v. NLRC, 168 SCRA 134.
17. SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. — It is the declared policy of the State to encourage higher
levels of productivity, maintain industrial peace and harmony and promote the principle or
shared responsibility in the relations between workers and employers, recognizing the right of
labor to its just share in the fruits of production and the right of business enterprises to
reasonable returns of investments and to expansion and growth, and the accordingly to provide
corresponding incentives to both labor and capital for undertaking voluntary programs to
ensure greater sharing by the workers in the fruits of their labor."
18. "SEC. 4. Definition of Terms. — As used in this Act:
xxx xxx xxx
b) "Labor-Management Committee" refers to a negotiating body in a business enterprise
composed of the representatives of labor and management created to establish a productivity
incentives program, and to settle disputes arising therefrom in accordance with Section 9
hereof."
19. "SEC. 5. Labor-Management Committee. — a) . . .
b) In business enterprises with duly recognized or certified labor organizations, the
representatives of labor shall be those designated by the collective bargaining agent(s) of the
bargaining unit(s).
c) In business enterprises without duly recognized or certified labor organizations, the
representatives of labor shall be elected by at least a majority of all rank-and-file employees
who have rendered at least six (6) months of continuous service."
20. "SEC. 6. Productivity Incentives Program. — a) . . .
b) Productivity agreements reached by the parties as provided in this Act shall supplement
existing collective bargaining agreements.
c) If, during the existence of the productivity incentives program or agreement, the
employees will join or form a union, such program or agreement may, in addition to the terms
and conditions agreed upon by labor and management, be integrated in the collective
bargaining agreement that may be entered into between them."
21. "SEC. 7. Benefits and Tax Incentives. — a) . . .
b) Any strike or lockout arising from any violation of the productivity incentives program
shall suspend the effectivity thereof pending settlement of such strike or lockout; Provided, That
the business enterprise shall not be deemed to have forfeited tax incentives accrued prior to
the date of occurrence of such strike or lockout, and the workers shall not be required to
reimburse the productivity bonuses already granted to them under the incentive program.
Likewise, bonuses which have already accrued before the strike or lockout shall be paid within
six (6) months from their accrual.
xxx xxx xxx"
22. "SEC. 9. Dispute and Grievances. — Whenever disputes, grievances, or other
matters arise from the interpretation or implementation of the productivity incentives program,
the labor-management committee shall meet to resolve the dispute, and may seek the
assistance of the National Conciliation and Mediation Board of the Department of Labor and
Employment for such purpose. Any dispute which remains unresolved within twenty (20) days
from the time of its submission to the labor-management committee shall be submitted for
voluntary arbitration in line with the pertinent provisions of the Labor Code, as amended.
The productivity incentives program shall include the name(s) of the voluntary arbitrator or
panel of voluntary arbitrators previously chosen and agreed upon by the labor-management
committee."
23. Paras v. Commission on Elections, 264 SCRA 54.
24. Cabada v. Alunan III, 260 SCRA 838.
25. Section 29, Presidential Decree No. 564.
26. Teoxon v. Member of the Board of Administrators, 33 SCRA 585.
27. Section 6, Article XVIII, 1987 Constitution.
28. "SEC. 12. Powers and Functions. — The Commission shall have the following powers and
functions:
xxx xxx xxx
(2) Prescribe, amend and enforce rules and regulations for carrying into effect the
provisions of the Civil Service Law and other pertinent laws;
xxx xxx xxx"
29. Section 2, Administrative Order No. 268.
30. Section 1, Administrative Order No. 268.
31. Supra, footnote 3.
32. Mondano v. Silvosa, etc., et al., 97 Phil. 148.
33. Echeche v. Court of Appeals, 198 SCRA 584, citing Oliveros-Torre v. Bayot, 58 SCRA 272,
and Ang-Angco v. Castillo, et al., 118 Phil. 1468.
34. These are found in Book IV of Executive Order No. 292 whose applicable provisions
follow:
"SEC. 1 Declaration of Policy. — It is the policy of the State that the Department of Finance shall
be primarily responsible for the sound and efficient management of the financial resources of
the Government, its subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities." (Title II)
"SEC. 1 Declaration of Policy. — The national budget shall be formulated and implemented as an
instrument of national development, reflective of national objectives and plans; supportive of
and consistent with the socio-economic development plans and oriented towards the
achievement of explicit objectives and expected results, to ensure that the utilization of fund
and operations of government entities are conducted effectively; formulated within the context
of a regionalized governmental structure and within the totality of revenues and other receipts,
expenditures and borrowings of all levels of government-owned or -controlled corporations."
35. M.H. Wylie v. Rarang, 209 SCRA 357.
36. Yulo v. Civil Service Commission, 219 SCRA 478, citing Mabutol v. Pascual, 124 SCRA 867.
37. Mendiola v. People, 207 SCRA 85.
38. Fernando v. Sto. Tomas, 234 SCRA 546; Tuzon v. Court of Appeals, 212 SCRA 471.
39. National Economic Protectionism Association v. Ongpin, 171 SCRA 666, citing Paredes v.
Executive Secretary, 128 SCRA 6.

C o p y r i g h t 1 9 9 4 - 1 9 9 9 C D T e c h n o l o g i e s A s i a, I n c.