src/public/particles/particles.h

//========= Copyright Valve Corporation, All rights reserved. ============//
//
// Purpose: particle system definitions
//
//===========================================================================//

#ifndef PARTICLES_H
#define PARTICLES_H
#ifdef _WIN32
#pragma once
#endif

#include "mathlib/mathlib.h"
#include "mathlib/vector.h"
#include "mathlib/ssemath.h"
#include "materialsystem/imaterialsystem.h"
#include "dmxloader/dmxelement.h"
#include "tier1/utlintrusivelist.h"
#include "vstdlib/random.h"
#include "tier1/utlobjectreference.h"
#include "tier1/UtlStringMap.h"
#include "tier1/utlmap.h"
#include "materialsystem/MaterialSystemUtil.h"
#include "trace.h"
#include "tier1/utlsoacontainer.h"

#if defined( CLIENT_DLL )
#include "c_pixel_visibility.h"
#endif

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Forward declarations
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct DmxElementUnpackStructure_t;
class CParticleSystemDefinition;
class CParticleCollection;
class CParticleOperatorInstance;
class CParticleSystemDictionary;
class CUtlBuffer;
class IParticleOperatorDefinition;
class CSheet;
class CMeshBuilder;
extern float s_pRandomFloats[];
				

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Random numbers
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define MAX_RANDOM_FLOATS 4096
#define RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ( MAX_RANDOM_FLOATS - 1 )


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Particle attributes
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define MAX_PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTES 32

#define DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( name, bit )						\
	const int PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_##name##_MASK = (1 << bit);	\
	const int PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_##name = bit;

// required
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( XYZ, 0 );

// particle lifetime (duration) of particle as a float.
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( LIFE_DURATION, 1 );

// prev coordinates for verlet integration
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( PREV_XYZ, 2 );

// radius of particle
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( RADIUS, 3 );

// rotation angle of particle
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( ROTATION, 4 );

// rotation speed of particle
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( ROTATION_SPEED, 5 );

// tint of particle
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TINT_RGB, 6 );

// alpha tint of particle
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( ALPHA, 7 );

// creation time stamp (relative to particle system creation)
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( CREATION_TIME, 8 );

// sequnece # (which animation sequence number this particle uses )
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( SEQUENCE_NUMBER, 9 );

// length of the trail 
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TRAIL_LENGTH, 10 );

// unique particle identifier
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( PARTICLE_ID, 11 );

// unique rotation around up vector
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( YAW, 12 );

// second sequnece # (which animation sequence number this particle uses )
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( SEQUENCE_NUMBER1, 13 );

// hit box index
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( HITBOX_INDEX, 14 );

DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( HITBOX_RELATIVE_XYZ, 15 );

DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( ALPHA2, 16 );

// particle trace caching fields
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TRACE_P0, 17 );						// start pnt of trace
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TRACE_P1, 18 );						// end pnt of trace
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TRACE_HIT_T, 19 );					// 0..1 if hit
DEFPARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE( TRACE_HIT_NORMAL, 20 );				// 0 0 0 if no hit


#define MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS 64

#define ATTRIBUTES_WHICH_ARE_VEC3S_MASK ( PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_TRACE_P0_MASK | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_TRACE_P1_MASK | \
										  PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_TRACE_HIT_NORMAL | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_XYZ_MASK | \
                                          PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_PREV_XYZ_MASK | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_TINT_RGB_MASK | \
                                          PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_HITBOX_RELATIVE_XYZ_MASK )
#define ATTRIBUTES_WHICH_ARE_0_TO_1 (PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_ALPHA_MASK | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_ALPHA2_MASK)
#define ATTRIBUTES_WHICH_ARE_ANGLES (PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_ROTATION_MASK | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_YAW_MASK )
#define ATTRIBUTES_WHICH_ARE_INTS (PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_PARTICLE_ID_MASK | PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_HITBOX_INDEX_MASK )

#if defined( _X360 )
#define MAX_PARTICLES_IN_A_SYSTEM 2000
#else
#define MAX_PARTICLES_IN_A_SYSTEM 5000
#endif

// Set this to 1 or 0 to enable or disable particle profiling.
// Note that this profiling is expensive on Linux, and some anti-virus
// products can make this *extremely* expensive on Windows.
#define MEASURE_PARTICLE_PERF 0


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Particle function types
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum ParticleFunctionType_t
{
	FUNCTION_RENDERER = 0,
	FUNCTION_OPERATOR,
	FUNCTION_INITIALIZER,
	FUNCTION_EMITTER,
	FUNCTION_CHILDREN,	// NOTE: This one is a fake function type, only here to help eliminate a ton of duplicated code in the editor
    FUNCTION_FORCEGENERATOR,
    FUNCTION_CONSTRAINT,
	PARTICLE_FUNCTION_COUNT
};

struct CParticleVisibilityInputs
{
	float	m_flCameraBias;
	float	m_flInputMin;
	float	m_flInputMax;
	float	m_flAlphaScaleMin;
	float	m_flAlphaScaleMax;
	float	m_flRadiusScaleMin;
	float	m_flRadiusScaleMax;
	float	m_flProxyRadius;
	float	m_flBBoxScale;
	bool	m_bUseBBox;
	int		m_nCPin;
};

struct ModelHitBoxInfo_t
{
	Vector m_vecBoxMins;
	Vector m_vecBoxMaxes;
	matrix3x4_t m_Transform;
};

class CModelHitBoxesInfo
{
public:
	float m_flLastUpdateTime;
	float m_flPrevLastUpdateTime;
	int m_nNumHitBoxes;
	int m_nNumPrevHitBoxes;
	ModelHitBoxInfo_t *m_pHitBoxes;
	ModelHitBoxInfo_t *m_pPrevBoxes;

	bool CurAndPrevValid( void ) const
	{
		return ( m_nNumHitBoxes && ( m_nNumPrevHitBoxes == m_nNumHitBoxes ) );
	}

	CModelHitBoxesInfo( void )
	{
		m_flLastUpdateTime = -1;
		m_nNumHitBoxes = 0;
		m_nNumPrevHitBoxes = 0;
		m_pHitBoxes = NULL;
		m_pPrevBoxes = NULL;
	}

	~CModelHitBoxesInfo( void )
	{
		if ( m_pHitBoxes )
			delete[] m_pHitBoxes;
		if ( m_pPrevBoxes )
			delete[] m_pPrevBoxes;
	}

};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Interface to allow the particle system to call back into the client
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#define PARTICLE_SYSTEM_QUERY_INTERFACE_VERSION "VParticleSystemQuery001"

class IParticleSystemQuery : public IAppSystem
{
public:
	virtual void GetLightingAtPoint( const Vector& vecOrigin, Color &tint ) = 0;
	virtual void TraceLine( const Vector& vecAbsStart,
							const Vector& vecAbsEnd, unsigned int mask, 
							const class IHandleEntity *ignore,
							int collisionGroup,
							CBaseTrace *ptr ) = 0;

	// given a possible spawn point, tries to movie it to be on or in the source object. returns
	// true if it succeeded
	virtual bool MovePointInsideControllingObject( CParticleCollection *pParticles,
												   void *pObject,
												   Vector *pPnt )
	{
		return true;
	}

	virtual	bool IsPointInControllingObjectHitBox( 
		CParticleCollection *pParticles,
		int nControlPointNumber, Vector vecPos, bool bBBoxOnly = false )
	{
		return true;
	}

	virtual int GetCollisionGroupFromName( const char *pszCollisionGroupName )
	{
		return 0;											// == COLLISION_GROUP_NONE
	}
	
	virtual void GetRandomPointsOnControllingObjectHitBox( 
		CParticleCollection *pParticles,
		int nControlPointNumber, 
		int nNumPtsOut,
		float flBBoxScale,
		int nNumTrysToGetAPointInsideTheModel,
		Vector *pPntsOut,
		Vector vecDirectionBias,
		Vector *pHitBoxRelativeCoordOut = NULL,
		int *pHitBoxIndexOut = NULL ) = 0;


	virtual int GetControllingObjectHitBoxInfo(
		CParticleCollection *pParticles,
		int nControlPointNumber,
		int nBufSize,										// # of output slots available
		ModelHitBoxInfo_t *pHitBoxOutputBuffer )
	{
		// returns number of hit boxes output
		return 0;
	}

	virtual Vector GetLocalPlayerPos( void )
	{
		return vec3_origin;
	}

	virtual void GetLocalPlayerEyeVectors( Vector *pForward, Vector *pRight = NULL, Vector *pUp = NULL )
	{
		*pForward = vec3_origin;
		*pRight = vec3_origin;
		*pUp = vec3_origin;
	}

	virtual float GetPixelVisibility( int *pQueryHandle, const Vector &vecOrigin, float flScale ) = 0;

	virtual void SetUpLightingEnvironment( const Vector& pos )
	{
	}
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Particle system manager. Using a class because tools need it that way
// so the SFM and PET tools can share managers despite being linked to 
// separate particle system .libs
//
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef int ParticleSystemHandle_t;

class CParticleSystemMgr
{
public:
	// Constructor, destructor
	CParticleSystemMgr();
	~CParticleSystemMgr();

	// Initialize the particle system
	bool Init( IParticleSystemQuery *pQuery );

	// methods to add builtin operators. If you don't call these at startup, you won't be able to sim or draw. These are done separately from Init, so that
	// the server can omit the code needed for rendering/simulation, if desired.
	void AddBuiltinSimulationOperators( void );
	void AddBuiltinRenderingOperators( void );


	// Registration of known operators
	void AddParticleOperator( ParticleFunctionType_t nOpType, IParticleOperatorDefinition *pOpFactory );

	// Read a particle config file, add it to the list of particle configs
	bool ReadParticleConfigFile( const char *pFileName, bool bPrecache, bool bDecommitTempMemory = true );
	bool ReadParticleConfigFile( CUtlBuffer &buf, bool bPrecache, bool bDecommitTempMemory = true, const char *pFileName = NULL );
	void DecommitTempMemory();

	// For recording, write a specific particle system to a CUtlBuffer in DMX format
	bool WriteParticleConfigFile( const char *pParticleSystemName, CUtlBuffer &buf, bool bPreventNameBasedLookup = false );
	bool WriteParticleConfigFile( const DmObjectId_t& id, CUtlBuffer &buf, bool bPreventNameBasedLookup = false );

	// create a particle system by name. returns null if one of that name does not exist
	CParticleCollection *CreateParticleCollection( const char *pParticleSystemName, float flDelay = 0.0f, int nRandomSeed = 0 );

	// create a particle system given a particle system id
	CParticleCollection *CreateParticleCollection( const DmObjectId_t &id, float flDelay = 0.0f, int nRandomSeed = 0 );

	// Is a particular particle system defined?
	bool IsParticleSystemDefined( const char *pParticleSystemName );
	bool IsParticleSystemDefined( const DmObjectId_t &id );

	// Returns the index of the specified particle system. 
	ParticleSystemHandle_t GetParticleSystemIndex( const char *pParticleSystemName );

	// Returns the name of the specified particle system.
	const char *GetParticleSystemNameFromIndex( ParticleSystemHandle_t iIndex );

	// Return the number of particle systems in our dictionary
	int GetParticleSystemCount( void );

	// call to get available particle operator definitions
	// NOTE: FUNCTION_CHILDREN will return a faked one, for ease of writing the editor
	CUtlVector< IParticleOperatorDefinition *> &GetAvailableParticleOperatorList( ParticleFunctionType_t nWhichList );

	// Returns the unpack structure for a particle system definition
	const DmxElementUnpackStructure_t *GetParticleSystemDefinitionUnpackStructure();

	// Particle sheet management
	void ShouldLoadSheets( bool bLoadSheets );
	CSheet *FindOrLoadSheet( char const *pszFname, ITexture *pTexture );
	CSheet *FindOrLoadSheet( IMaterial *pMaterial );
	void FlushAllSheets( void );


	// Render cache used to render opaque particle collections
	void ResetRenderCache( void );
	void AddToRenderCache( CParticleCollection *pParticles );
	void DrawRenderCache( bool bShadowDepth );

	IParticleSystemQuery *Query( void ) { return m_pQuery; }

	// return the particle field name
	const char* GetParticleFieldName( int nParticleField ) const;

	// WARNING: the pointer returned by this function may be invalidated 
	// *at any time* by the editor, so do not ever cache it.
	CParticleSystemDefinition* FindParticleSystem( const char *pName );
	CParticleSystemDefinition* FindParticleSystem( const DmObjectId_t& id );

	void CommitProfileInformation( bool bCommit );			// call after simulation, if you want
															// sim time recorded. if oyu pass
															// flase, info will be thrown away and
															// uncomitted time reset.  Having this
															// function lets you only record
															// profile data for slow frames if
															// desired.


	void DumpProfileInformation( void );					// write particle_profile.csv

	// Cache/uncache materials used by particle systems
	void PrecacheParticleSystem( const char *pName );
	void UncacheAllParticleSystems();

	// Sets the last simulation time, used for particle system sleeping logic
	void SetLastSimulationTime( float flTime );
	float GetLastSimulationTime() const;

	int Debug_GetTotalParticleCount() const;
	bool Debug_FrameWarningNeededTestAndReset();
	float ParticleThrottleScaling() const;		// Returns 1.0 = not restricted, 0.0 = fully restricted (i.e. don't draw!)
	bool ParticleThrottleRandomEnable() const;	// Retruns a randomish bool to say if you should draw this particle.
	
	void TallyParticlesRendered( int nVertexCount, int nIndexCount = 0 );

private:
	struct RenderCache_t
	{
		IMaterial *m_pMaterial;
		CUtlVector< CParticleCollection * > m_ParticleCollections;
	};

	struct BatchStep_t
	{
		CParticleCollection *m_pParticles;
		CParticleOperatorInstance *m_pRenderer;
		void *m_pContext;
		int m_nFirstParticle;
		int m_nParticleCount;
		int m_nVertCount;
	};

	struct Batch_t
	{
		int m_nVertCount;
		int m_nIndexCount;
		CUtlVector< BatchStep_t > m_BatchStep; 
	};

	// Unserialization-related methods
	bool ReadParticleDefinitions( CUtlBuffer &buf, const char *pFileName, bool bPrecache, bool bDecommitTempMemory );
	void AddParticleSystem( CDmxElement *pParticleSystem );

	// Serialization-related methods
	CDmxElement *CreateParticleDmxElement( const DmObjectId_t &id );
	CDmxElement *CreateParticleDmxElement( const char *pParticleSystemName );

	bool WriteParticleConfigFile( CDmxElement *pParticleSystem, CUtlBuffer &buf, bool bPreventNameBasedLookup );

	// Builds a list of batches to render
	void BuildBatchList( int iRenderCache, IMatRenderContext *pRenderContext, CUtlVector< Batch_t >& batches );

	// Known operators
	CUtlVector<IParticleOperatorDefinition *> m_ParticleOperators[PARTICLE_FUNCTION_COUNT];

	// Particle system dictionary
	CParticleSystemDictionary *m_pParticleSystemDictionary;
	
	// typedef CUtlMap< ITexture *, CSheet* > SheetsCache;
	typedef CUtlStringMap< CSheet* > SheetsCache_t;
	SheetsCache_t m_SheetList;

	// attaching and dtaching killlists. when simulating, a particle system gets a kill list. after
	// simulating, the memory for that will be used for the next particle system.  This matters for
	// threaded particles, because we don't want to share the same kill list between simultaneously
	// simulating particle systems.
	void AttachKillList( CParticleCollection *pParticles);
	void DetachKillList( CParticleCollection *pParticles);

	// For visualization (currently can only visualize one operator at a time)
	CParticleCollection *m_pVisualizedParticles;
	DmObjectId_t m_VisualizedOperatorId;
	IParticleSystemQuery *m_pQuery;
	CUtlVector< RenderCache_t > m_RenderCache;
	IMaterial *m_pShadowDepthMaterial;
	float m_flLastSimulationTime;

	bool m_bDidInit;
	bool m_bUsingDefaultQuery;
	bool m_bShouldLoadSheets;

	int m_nNumFramesMeasured;

	enum { c_nNumFramesTracked = 10 };
	int		m_nParticleVertexCountHistory[c_nNumFramesTracked];
	float	m_fParticleCountScaling;
	int		m_nParticleIndexCount;
	int		m_nParticleVertexCount;
	bool	m_bFrameWarningNeeded;

	friend class CParticleSystemDefinition;
	friend class CParticleCollection;
};

extern CParticleSystemMgr *g_pParticleSystemMgr;


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// A particle system can only have 1 operator using a particular ID
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum ParticleOperatorId_t
{
	// Generic IDs
	OPERATOR_GENERIC = -2,		// Can have as many of these as you want
	OPERATOR_SINGLETON = -1,	// Can only have 1 operator with the same name as this one

	// Renderer operator IDs

	// Operator IDs

	// Initializer operator IDs
	OPERATOR_PI_POSITION,		// Particle initializer: position (can only have 1 position setter)
	OPERATOR_PI_RADIUS,
	OPERATOR_PI_ALPHA,
	OPERATOR_PI_TINT_RGB,
	OPERATOR_PI_ROTATION,
	OPERATOR_PI_YAW,

	// Emitter IDs

	OPERATOR_ID_COUNT,
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Class factory for particle operators
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class IParticleOperatorDefinition
{
public:
	virtual const char *GetName() const = 0;
	virtual CParticleOperatorInstance *CreateInstance( const DmObjectId_t &id ) const = 0;
//	virtual void DestroyInstance( CParticleOperatorInstance *pInstance ) const = 0;
	virtual const DmxElementUnpackStructure_t* GetUnpackStructure() const = 0;
	virtual ParticleOperatorId_t GetId() const = 0;
	virtual bool IsObsolete() const = 0;
	virtual size_t GetClassSize() const = 0;

#if MEASURE_PARTICLE_PERF
	// performance monitoring
	float m_flMaxExecutionTime;
	float m_flTotalExecutionTime;
	float m_flUncomittedTime;

	FORCEINLINE void RecordExecutionTime( float flETime )
	{
		m_flUncomittedTime += flETime;
		m_flMaxExecutionTime = MAX( m_flMaxExecutionTime, flETime );
	}

	FORCEINLINE float TotalRecordedExecutionTime( void ) const
	{
		return m_flTotalExecutionTime;
	}

	FORCEINLINE float MaximumRecordedExecutionTime( void ) const
	{
		return m_flMaxExecutionTime;
	}
#endif
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Particle operators
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CParticleOperatorInstance
{
public:
	// custom allocators so we can be simd aligned
	void *operator new( size_t nSize );
	void* operator new( size_t size, int nBlockUse, const char *pFileName, int nLine );
	void operator delete( void *pData );
	void operator delete( void* p, int nBlockUse, const char *pFileName, int nLine );

	// unpack structure will be applied by creator. add extra initialization needed here
	virtual void InitParams( CParticleSystemDefinition *pDef, CDmxElement *pElement )
	{
	}

	virtual size_t GetRequiredContextBytes( ) const 
	{
		return 0;
	}

	virtual void InitializeContextData( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) const
	{
	}

	virtual uint32 GetWrittenAttributes( void ) const = 0;
	virtual uint32 GetReadAttributes( void ) const = 0;
	virtual uint64 GetReadControlPointMask() const 
	{ 
		return 0; 
	}

	//  Used when an operator needs to read the attributes of a particle at spawn time
	virtual uint32 GetReadInitialAttributes( void ) const
	{
		return 0;
	}

	// a particle simulator does this
	virtual void Operate( CParticleCollection *pParticles, float flOpStrength, void *pContext ) const
	{
	}

	// a renderer overrides this
	virtual void Render( IMatRenderContext *pRenderContext, 
						 CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) const
	{
	}

	virtual bool IsBatchable() const
	{
		return true;
	}

	virtual void RenderUnsorted( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext, IMatRenderContext *pRenderContext, CMeshBuilder &meshBuilder, int nVertexOffset, int nFirstParticle, int nParticleCount ) const
	{
	}

	// Returns the number of verts + indices to render
	virtual int GetParticlesToRender( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext, int nFirstParticle, int nRemainingVertices, int nRemainingIndices, int *pVertsUsed, int *pIndicesUsed ) const
	{
		*pVertsUsed = 0;
		*pIndicesUsed = 0;
		return 0;
	}


	// emitters over-ride this. Return a mask of what fields you initted
	virtual uint32 Emit( CParticleCollection *pParticles, float flOpCurStrength,
						 void *pContext ) const
	{
		return 0;
	}

	// emitters over-ride this. 
	virtual void StopEmission( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext, bool bInfiniteOnly = false ) const
	{
	}
	virtual void StartEmission( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext, bool bInfiniteOnly = false ) const
	{
	}
	virtual void Restart( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) {}

	// initters over-ride this
	virtual void InitParticleSystem( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) const
	{
	}


	// a force generator does this. It accumulates in the force array
	virtual void AddForces( FourVectors *AccumulatedForces, 
							CParticleCollection *pParticles,
							int nBlocks,
							float flCurStrength,
							void *pContext ) const
	{
	}


	// this is called for each constarint every frame. It can set up data like nearby world traces,
	// etc
	virtual void SetupConstraintPerFrameData( CParticleCollection *pParticles,
											  void *pContext ) const
	{
	}


	// a constraint overrides this. It shold return a true if it did anything
	virtual bool EnforceConstraint( int nStartBlock,
									int nNumBlocks,
									CParticleCollection *pParticles,
									void *pContext, 
									int nNumValidParticlesInLastChunk ) const
	{
		return false;
	}
	
	// should the constraint be run only once after all other constraints?
	virtual bool IsFinalConstraint( void ) const
	{
		return false;
	}

	// determines if a mask needs to be initialized multiple times. 
	virtual bool InitMultipleOverride()
	{
		return false;
	}


	// Indicates if this initializer is scrub-safe (initializers don't use random numbers, for example)
	virtual bool IsScrubSafe()
	{
		return false;
	}

	// particle-initters over-ride this
	virtual void InitNewParticlesScalar( CParticleCollection *pParticles, int nFirstParticle, int n_particles, int attribute_write_mask, void *pContext ) const
	{
	}

	// init new particles in blocks of 4. initters that have sse smarts should over ride this. the scalar particle initter will still be cllaed for head/tail.
	virtual void InitNewParticlesBlock( CParticleCollection *pParticles, int start_block, int n_blocks, int attribute_write_mask, void *pContext ) const
	{
		// default behaviour is to call the scalar one 4x times
		InitNewParticlesScalar( pParticles, 4*start_block, 4*n_blocks, attribute_write_mask, pContext );
	}

	// splits particle initialization up into scalar and block sections, callingt he right code
	void InitNewParticles( CParticleCollection *pParticles, int nFirstParticle, int n_particles, int attribute_write_mask , void *pContext) const;


	// this function is queried to determine if a particle system is over and doen with. A particle
	// system is done with when it has noparticles and no operators intend to create any more
	virtual bool MayCreateMoreParticles( CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) const
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Returns the operator definition that spawned this operator
	const IParticleOperatorDefinition *GetDefinition()
	{
		return m_pDef;
	}

	virtual bool ShouldRunBeforeEmitters( void ) const
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Does this operator require that particles remain in the order they were emitted?
	virtual bool RequiresOrderInvariance( void ) const
	{
		return false;
	}

	// Called when the SFM wants to skip forward in time
	virtual void SkipToTime( float flTime, CParticleCollection *pParticles, void *pContext ) const {}

	// Returns a unique ID for this definition
	const DmObjectId_t& GetId() { return m_Id; }

	// Used for editing + debugging to visualize the operator in 3D
	virtual void Render( CParticleCollection *pParticles ) const {}

	// Used as a debugging mechanism to prevent bogus calls to RandomInt or RandomFloat inside operators
	// Use CParticleCollection::RandomInt/RandomFloat instead
	int RandomInt( int nMin, int nMax )
	{
		// NOTE: Use CParticleCollection::RandomInt! 
		Assert(0);
		return 0;
	}

	float RandomFloat( float flMinVal = 0.0f, float flMaxVal = 1.0f )
	{
		// NOTE: Use CParticleCollection::RandomFloat! 
		Assert(0);
		return 0.0f;
	}

	float RandomFloatExp( float flMinVal = 0.0f, float flMaxVal = 1.0f, float flExponent = 1.0f )
	{
		// NOTE: Use CParticleCollection::RandomFloatExp! 
		Assert(0);
		return 0.0f;
	}

	float m_flOpStartFadeInTime;
	float m_flOpEndFadeInTime;
	float m_flOpStartFadeOutTime;
	float m_flOpEndFadeOutTime;
	float m_flOpFadeOscillatePeriod;

	virtual ~CParticleOperatorInstance( void )
	{
		// so that sheet references, etc can be cleaned up
	}

protected:
	// utility function for initting a scalar attribute to a random range in an sse fashion
	void InitScalarAttributeRandomRangeBlock( int nAttributeId, float fMinValue, float fMaxValue,
		CParticleCollection *pParticles, int nStartBlock, int nBlockCount ) const;
	void InitScalarAttributeRandomRangeExpBlock( int nAttributeId, float fMinValue, float fMaxValue, float fExp,
		CParticleCollection *pParticles, int nStartBlock, int nBlockCount ) const;
	void AddScalarAttributeRandomRangeBlock( int nAttributeId, float fMinValue, float fMaxValue, float fExp,
		CParticleCollection *pParticles, int nStartBlock, int nBlockCount, bool bRandomlyInvert ) const;

private:
	friend class CParticleCollection;

	const IParticleOperatorDefinition *m_pDef;
	void SetDefinition( const IParticleOperatorDefinition * pDef, const DmObjectId_t &id )
	{
		m_pDef = pDef;
		CopyUniqueId( id, &m_Id );
	}

	DmObjectId_t m_Id;

	template <typename T> friend class CParticleOperatorDefinition;
};

class CParticleRenderOperatorInstance : public CParticleOperatorInstance
{
public:

	CParticleVisibilityInputs VisibilityInputs;
};

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helper macro for creating particle operator factories
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template < class T >
class CParticleOperatorDefinition : public IParticleOperatorDefinition
{
public:
	CParticleOperatorDefinition( const char *pFactoryName, ParticleOperatorId_t id, bool bIsObsolete ) : m_pFactoryName( pFactoryName ), m_Id( id )
	{
#if MEASURE_PARTICLE_PERF
		m_flTotalExecutionTime = 0.0f;
		m_flMaxExecutionTime = 0.0f;
		m_flUncomittedTime = 0.0f;
#endif
		m_bIsObsolete = bIsObsolete;
	}

	virtual const char *GetName() const
	{
		return m_pFactoryName;
	}

	virtual ParticleOperatorId_t GetId() const
	{
		return m_Id;
	}

	virtual CParticleOperatorInstance *CreateInstance( const DmObjectId_t &id ) const
	{
		CParticleOperatorInstance *pOp = new T;
		pOp->SetDefinition( this, id );
		return pOp;
	}

	virtual const DmxElementUnpackStructure_t* GetUnpackStructure() const
	{
		return m_pUnpackParams;
	}

	// Editor won't display obsolete operators
	virtual bool IsObsolete() const 
	{ 
		return m_bIsObsolete; 
	}

	virtual size_t GetClassSize() const
	{
		return sizeof( T );
	}

private:
	const char *m_pFactoryName;
	ParticleOperatorId_t m_Id;
	bool m_bIsObsolete;
	static DmxElementUnpackStructure_t *m_pUnpackParams;
};

#define DECLARE_PARTICLE_OPERATOR( _className )				\
	DECLARE_DMXELEMENT_UNPACK()								\
	friend class CParticleOperatorDefinition<_className >

#define DEFINE_PARTICLE_OPERATOR( _className, _operatorName, _id )	\
	static CParticleOperatorDefinition<_className> s_##_className##Factory( _operatorName, _id, false )

#define DEFINE_PARTICLE_OPERATOR_OBSOLETE( _className, _operatorName, _id )	\
	static CParticleOperatorDefinition<_className> s_##_className##Factory( _operatorName, _id, true )

#define BEGIN_PARTICLE_OPERATOR_UNPACK( _className )										\
	BEGIN_DMXELEMENT_UNPACK( _className )													\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "operator start fadein","0", float, m_flOpStartFadeInTime )	\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "operator end fadein","0", float, m_flOpEndFadeInTime )		\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "operator start fadeout","0", float, m_flOpStartFadeOutTime )	\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "operator end fadeout","0", float, m_flOpEndFadeOutTime ) \
    DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "operator fade oscillate","0", float, m_flOpFadeOscillatePeriod )

#define END_PARTICLE_OPERATOR_UNPACK( _className )		\
	END_DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_TEMPLATE( _className, CParticleOperatorDefinition<_className>::m_pUnpackParams )

#define BEGIN_PARTICLE_RENDER_OPERATOR_UNPACK( _className )											\
	BEGIN_PARTICLE_OPERATOR_UNPACK( _className )													\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Proxy Input Control Point Number", "-1", int, VisibilityInputs.m_nCPin )	\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Proxy Radius", "1.0", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flProxyRadius )				\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility input minimum","0", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flInputMin )					\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility input maximum","1", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flInputMax )					\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Alpha Scale minimum","0", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flAlphaScaleMin )		\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Alpha Scale maximum","1", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flAlphaScaleMax )		\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Radius Scale minimum","1", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flRadiusScaleMin )		\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Radius Scale maximum","1", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flRadiusScaleMax )	\
	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Camera Depth Bias", "0", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flCameraBias )

//	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Use Bounding Box for Proxy", "0", bool, VisibilityInputs.m_bUseBBox )		
//	DMXELEMENT_UNPACK_FIELD( "Visibility Bounding Box Scale", "1.0", float, VisibilityInputs.m_flBBoxScale )		

#define REGISTER_PARTICLE_OPERATOR( _type, _className )	\
	g_pParticleSystemMgr->AddParticleOperator( _type, &s_##_className##Factory )


// need to think about particle constraints in terms of segregating affected particles so as to
// run multi-pass constraints on only a subset


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// flags for particle systems
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
enum
{
	PCFLAGS_FIRST_FRAME = 0x1,
	PCFLAGS_PREV_CONTROL_POINTS_INITIALIZED = 0x2,
};


#define DEBUG_PARTICLE_SORT 0

// sorting functionality for rendering. Call GetRenderList( bool bSorted ) to get the list of
// particles to render (sorted or not, including children).
// **do not casually change this structure**. The sorting code treats it interchangably as an SOA
// and accesses it using sse. Any changes to this struct need the sort code updated.**
struct ParticleRenderData_t
{
	float m_flSortKey;										// what we sort by
	int   m_nIndex;									 // index or fudged index (for child particles)
	float m_flRadius;					   // effective radius, using visibility
#if VALVE_LITTLE_ENDIAN
	uint8 m_nAlpha;							// effective alpha, combining alpha and alpha2 and vis. 0 - 255
	uint8 m_nAlphaPad[3];										// this will be written to
#else
	uint8 m_nAlphaPad[3];										// this will be written to
	uint8 m_nAlpha;							// effective alpha, combining alpha and alpha2 and vis. 0 - 255
#endif
};

struct ExtendedParticleRenderData_t : ParticleRenderData_t
{
	float m_flX;
	float m_flY;
	float m_flZ;
	float m_flPad;
};


typedef struct ALIGN16 _FourInts
{
	int32 m_nValue[4];
} ALIGN16_POST FourInts;


// structure describing the parameter block used by operators which use the path between two points to
// control particles.
struct CPathParameters
{
	int m_nStartControlPointNumber;
	int m_nEndControlPointNumber;
	int m_nBulgeControl;
	float m_flBulge;
	float m_flMidPoint;

	void ClampControlPointIndices( void )
	{
		m_nStartControlPointNumber = MAX(0, MIN( MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS-1, m_nStartControlPointNumber ) );
		m_nEndControlPointNumber = MAX(0, MIN( MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS-1, m_nEndControlPointNumber ) );
	}
};

struct CParticleVisibilityData
{
	float	m_flAlphaVisibility;
	float	m_flRadiusVisibility;
	float	m_flCameraBias;
	bool	m_bUseVisibility;
};

struct CParticleControlPoint
{
	Vector m_Position;
	Vector m_PrevPosition;

	// orientation
	Vector m_ForwardVector;
	Vector m_UpVector;
	Vector m_RightVector;

	// reference to entity or whatever this control point comes from
	void *m_pObject;

	// parent for hierarchies
	int m_nParent;
};


// struct for simd xform to transform a point from an identitiy coordinate system to that of the control point
struct CParticleSIMDTransformation
{
	FourVectors m_v4Origin;
	FourVectors m_v4Fwd;
	FourVectors m_v4Up;
	FourVectors m_v4Right;


	FORCEINLINE void VectorRotate( FourVectors &InPnt )
	{
		fltx4 fl4OutX = SubSIMD( AddSIMD( MulSIMD( InPnt.x, m_v4Fwd.x ), MulSIMD( InPnt.z, m_v4Up.x ) ), MulSIMD( InPnt.y, m_v4Right.x ) );
		fltx4 fl4OutY = SubSIMD( AddSIMD( MulSIMD( InPnt.x, m_v4Fwd.y ), MulSIMD( InPnt.z, m_v4Up.y ) ), MulSIMD( InPnt.y, m_v4Right.y ) );
		InPnt.z = SubSIMD( AddSIMD( MulSIMD( InPnt.x, m_v4Fwd.z ), MulSIMD( InPnt.z, m_v4Up.z ) ), MulSIMD( InPnt.y, m_v4Right.z ) );
		InPnt.x = fl4OutX;
		InPnt.y = fl4OutY;
	}

	FORCEINLINE void VectorTransform( FourVectors &InPnt )
	{
		VectorRotate( InPnt );
		InPnt.x = AddSIMD( InPnt.x, m_v4Origin.x );
		InPnt.y = AddSIMD( InPnt.y, m_v4Origin.y );
		InPnt.z = AddSIMD( InPnt.z, m_v4Origin.z );
	}
};

#define NUM_COLLISION_CACHE_MODES 4

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// CParticleCollection
//
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CParticleCollection
{
public:
	~CParticleCollection( void );

	// Restarts the particle collection, stopping all non-continuous emitters
	void Restart();

	// compute bounds from particle list
	void RecomputeBounds( void );

	void SetControlPoint( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v );
	void SetControlPointObject( int nWhichPoint, void *pObject );

	void SetControlPointOrientation( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &forward,
									 const Vector &right, const Vector &up );
	void SetControlPointOrientation( int nWhichPoint, const Quaternion &q );
	void SetControlPointForwardVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v );
	void SetControlPointUpVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v );
	void SetControlPointRightVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v );
	void SetControlPointParent( int nWhichPoint, int n );

	// get the pointer to an attribute for a given particle.  
	// !!speed!! if you find yourself calling this anywhere that matters, 
	// you're not handling the simd-ness of the particle system well
	// and will have bad perf.
	const float *GetFloatAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const;
	const int *GetIntAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const;
	const fltx4 *GetM128AttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;
	const FourVectors *Get4VAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;
	const FourInts *Get4IAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;
	const int *GetIntAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;


	int *GetIntAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber );

	float *GetFloatAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber );
	fltx4 *GetM128AttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut );
	FourVectors *Get4VAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut );

	const float *GetInitialFloatAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const;
	const fltx4 *GetInitialM128AttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;
	const FourVectors *GetInitial4VAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const;
	float *GetInitialFloatAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber );
	fltx4 *GetInitialM128AttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut );

	void Simulate( float dt, bool updateBboxOnly );
	void SkipToTime( float t );

	// the camera objetc may be compared for equality against control point objects
	void Render( IMatRenderContext *pRenderContext, bool bTranslucentOnly = false, void *pCameraObject = NULL );

	bool IsValid( void ) const;
	const char *GetName() const;

	// IsFinished returns true when a system has no particles and won't be creating any more
	bool IsFinished( void );

	// Used to make sure we're accessing valid memory
	bool IsValidAttributePtr( int nAttribute, const void *pPtr ) const;

	void SwapPosAndPrevPos( void );

	void SetNActiveParticles( int nCount );
	void KillParticle(int nPidx);

	void StopEmission( bool bInfiniteOnly = false, bool bRemoveAllParticles = false, bool bWakeOnStop = false );
	void StartEmission( bool bInfiniteOnly = false );
	void SetDormant( bool bDormant );

	const Vector& GetControlPointAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint ) const;
	void GetControlPointOrientationAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint, Vector *pForward, Vector *pRight, Vector *pUp ) const;
	void GetControlPointTransformAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint, matrix3x4_t *pMat );
	void GetControlPointTransformAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint, VMatrix *pMat );
	int GetControlPointParent( int nControlPoint ) const;

	// Used to retrieve the position of a control point
	// somewhere between m_fCurTime and m_fCurTime - m_fPreviousDT
	void GetControlPointAtTime( int nControlPoint, float flTime, Vector *pControlPoint ) const;
	void GetControlPointAtPrevTime( int nControlPoint, Vector *pControlPoint ) const;
	void GetControlPointOrientationAtTime( int nControlPoint, float flTime, Vector *pForward, Vector *pRight, Vector *pUp );
	void GetControlPointTransformAtTime( int nControlPoint, float flTime, matrix3x4_t *pMat );
	void GetControlPointTransformAtTime( int nControlPoint, float flTime, VMatrix *pMat );
	void GetControlPointTransformAtTime( int nControlPoint, float flTime, CParticleSIMDTransformation *pXForm );
	int GetHighestControlPoint( void ) const;

	// Has this particle moved recently (since the last simulation?)
	bool HasMoved() const;

	// Control point accessed:
	// NOTE: Unlike the definition's version of these methods,
	// these OR-in the masks of their children.
	bool ReadsControlPoint( int nPoint ) const;

	// Used by particle systems to generate random numbers. Do not call these methods - use sse
	// code
	int RandomInt( int nMin, int nMax );
	float RandomFloat( float flMin, float flMax );
	float RandomFloatExp( float flMin, float flMax, float flExponent );
	void RandomVector( float flMin, float flMax, Vector *pVector );
	void RandomVector( const Vector &vecMin, const Vector &vecMax, Vector *pVector );
	float RandomVectorInUnitSphere( Vector *pVector );	// Returns the length sqr of the vector

	// NOTE: These versions will produce the *same random numbers* if you give it the same random
	// sample id. do not use these methods.
	int RandomInt( int nRandomSampleId, int nMin, int nMax );
	float RandomFloat( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax );
	float RandomFloatExp( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax, float flExponent );
	void RandomVector( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax, Vector *pVector );
	void RandomVector( int nRandomSampleId, const Vector &vecMin, const Vector &vecMax, Vector *pVector );
	float RandomVectorInUnitSphere( int nRandomSampleId, Vector *pVector );	// Returns the length sqr of the vector

	fltx4 RandomFloat( const FourInts &ParticleID, int nRandomSampleOffset );


	// Random number offset (for use in getting Random #s in operators)
	int OperatorRandomSampleOffset() const;

	// Returns the render bounds
	void GetBounds( Vector *pMin, Vector *pMax );

	// Visualize operators (for editing/debugging)
	void VisualizeOperator( const DmObjectId_t *pOpId = NULL );

	// Does the particle system use the power of two frame buffer texture (refraction?)
	bool UsesPowerOfTwoFrameBufferTexture( bool bThisFrame ) const;

	// Does the particle system use the full frame buffer texture (soft particles)
	bool UsesFullFrameBufferTexture( bool bThisFrame ) const;

	// Is the particle system translucent?
	bool IsTranslucent() const;

	// Is the particle system two-pass?
	bool IsTwoPass() const;

	// Is the particle system batchable?
	bool IsBatchable() const;

	// Renderer iteration
	int GetRendererCount() const;
	CParticleOperatorInstance *GetRenderer( int i );
	void *GetRendererContext( int i );


	bool CheckIfOperatorShouldRun( CParticleOperatorInstance const * op, float *pflCurStrength = NULL );

	Vector TransformAxis( const Vector &SrcAxis, bool bLocalSpace, int nControlPointNumber = 0);

	// return backwards-sorted particle list. use --addressing
	const ParticleRenderData_t *GetRenderList( IMatRenderContext *pRenderContext, bool bSorted, int *pNparticles, CParticleVisibilityData *pVisibilityData );

	// calculate the points of a curve for a path
	void CalculatePathValues( CPathParameters const &PathIn,
							  float flTimeStamp,
							  Vector *pStartPnt,
							  Vector *pMidPnt,
							  Vector *pEndPnt
							  );

	int GetGroupID() const;

	void InitializeNewParticles( int nFirstParticle, int nParticleCount, uint32 nInittedMask );
	
	// update hit boxes for control point if not updated yet for this sim step
	void UpdateHitBoxInfo( int nControlPointNumber );

	// Used by particle system definitions to manage particle collection lists
	void UnlinkFromDefList( );

	CParticleCollection *GetNextCollectionUsingSameDef() { return m_pNextDef; }

	CUtlReference< CSheet > m_Sheet;


protected:
	CParticleCollection( );

	// Used by client code
	bool Init( const char *pParticleSystemName );
	bool Init( CParticleSystemDefinition *pDef );

	// Bloat the bounding box by bounds around the control point
	void BloatBoundsUsingControlPoint();

private:
	void GenerateSortedIndexList( Vector vecCameraPos, CParticleVisibilityData *pVisibilityData, bool bSorted );

	void Init( CParticleSystemDefinition *pDef, float flDelay, int nRandomSeed );
	void InitStorage( CParticleSystemDefinition *pDef );
	void InitParticleCreationTime( int nFirstParticle, int nNumToInit );
	void CopyInitialAttributeValues( int nStartParticle, int nNumParticles );
	void ApplyKillList( void );
	void SetAttributeToConstant( int nAttribute, float fValue );
	void SetAttributeToConstant( int nAttribute, float fValueX, float fValueY, float fValueZ );
	void InitParticleAttributes( int nStartParticle, int nNumParticles, int nAttrsLeftToInit );

	// initialize this attribute for all active particles
	void FillAttributeWithConstant( int nAttribute, float fValue );

	// Updates the previous control points
	void UpdatePrevControlPoints( float dt );

	// Returns the memory for a particular constant attribute
	float *GetConstantAttributeMemory( int nAttribute );

	// Swaps two particles in the particle list
	void SwapAdjacentParticles( int hParticle );

	// Unlinks a particle from the list
	void UnlinkParticle( int hParticle );

	// Inserts a particle before another particle in the list
	void InsertParticleBefore( int hParticle, int hBefore );

	// Move a particle from one index to another
	void MoveParticle( int nInitialIndex, int nNewIndex );

	// Computes the sq distance to a particle position
	float ComputeSqrDistanceToParticle( int hParticle, const Vector &vecPosition ) const;

	// Grows the dist sq range for all particles
	void GrowDistSqrBounds( float flDistSqr );

	// Simulates the first frame
	void SimulateFirstFrame( );

	bool SystemContainsParticlesWithBoolSet( bool CParticleCollection::*pField ) const;
	// Does the particle collection contain opaque particle systems
	bool ContainsOpaqueCollections();
	bool ComputeUsesPowerOfTwoFrameBufferTexture();
	bool ComputeUsesFullFrameBufferTexture();
	bool ComputeIsTranslucent();
	bool ComputeIsTwoPass();
	bool ComputeIsBatchable();
	bool ComputeRequiresOrderInvariance();

	void LabelTextureUsage( void );

	void LinkIntoDefList( );

public:
	fltx4 m_fl4CurTime;										// accumulated time

	int m_nPaddedActiveParticles;	// # of groups of 4 particles
	float m_flCurTime;				// accumulated time

	int m_nActiveParticles;			// # of active particles
	float m_flDt;
	float m_flPreviousDt;
	float m_flNextSleepTime;								// time to go to sleep if not drawn

	CUtlReference< CParticleSystemDefinition > m_pDef;
	int m_nAllocatedParticles;
	int m_nMaxAllowedParticles;
	bool m_bDormant;
	bool m_bEmissionStopped;
	bool m_bRequiresOrderInvariance;

	int m_LocalLightingCP;
	Color m_LocalLighting;

	// control point data.  Don't set these directly, or they won't propagate down to children
	// particle control points can act as emitter centers, repulsions points, etc.  what they are
	// used for depends on what operators and parameters your system has.
	CParticleControlPoint m_ControlPoints[MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS];
	
	CModelHitBoxesInfo m_ControlPointHitBoxes[MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS];

	// public so people can call methods
	uint8 *m_pOperatorContextData;
	CParticleCollection *m_pNext;							// for linking children together
	CParticleCollection *m_pPrev;							// for linking children together

	struct CWorldCollideContextData *m_pCollisionCacheData[NUM_COLLISION_CACHE_MODES]; // children can share collision caches w/ parent
	CParticleCollection *m_pParent;
	
	CUtlIntrusiveDList<CParticleCollection>  m_Children;	// list for all child particle systems

	void *operator new(size_t nSize);
	void *operator new( size_t size, int nBlockUse, const char *pFileName, int nLine );
	void operator delete(void *pData);
	void operator delete( void* p, int nBlockUse, const char *pFileName, int nLine );


protected:
	// current bounds for the particle system
	bool m_bBoundsValid;
	Vector m_MinBounds;
	Vector m_MaxBounds;
	int m_nHighestCP;  //Highest CP set externally.  Needs to assert if a system calls to an unassigned CP.

private:


	unsigned char *m_pParticleMemory;						// fixed size at initialization. Must be aligned for SSE
	unsigned char *m_pParticleInitialMemory;				// fixed size at initialization. Must be aligned for SSE
	unsigned char *m_pConstantMemory;

	int m_nPerParticleInitializedAttributeMask;
	int m_nPerParticleUpdatedAttributeMask;
	int m_nPerParticleReadInitialAttributeMask;				// What fields do operators want to see initial attribute values for?
	float *m_pParticleAttributes[MAX_PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTES];
	float *m_pParticleInitialAttributes[MAX_PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTES];
	size_t m_nParticleFloatStrides[MAX_PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTES];
	size_t m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[MAX_PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTES];

	float *m_pConstantAttributes;

	uint64 m_nControlPointReadMask;							// Mask indicating which control points have been accessed
	int m_nParticleFlags;									// PCFLAGS_xxx
	bool m_bIsScrubbable : 1;
	bool m_bIsRunningInitializers : 1;
	bool m_bIsRunningOperators : 1;
	bool m_bIsTranslucent : 1;
	bool m_bIsTwoPass : 1;
	bool m_bAnyUsesPowerOfTwoFrameBufferTexture : 1;		// whether or not we or any children use this
	bool m_bAnyUsesFullFrameBufferTexture : 1;
	bool m_bIsBatchable : 1;

	bool m_bUsesPowerOfTwoFrameBufferTexture;			// whether or not we use this, _not_ our children
	bool m_bUsesFullFrameBufferTexture;
	
	// How many frames have we drawn?
	int m_nDrawnFrames;
	int m_nSimulatedFrames;

	Vector m_Center;										// average of particle centers

	// Used to assign unique ids to each particle
	int m_nUniqueParticleId;

	// Used to generate random numbers
	int m_nRandomQueryCount;
	int m_nRandomSeed;
	int m_nOperatorRandomSampleOffset;

	float m_flMinDistSqr;
	float m_flMaxDistSqr;
	float m_flOOMaxDistSqr;
	Vector m_vecLastCameraPos;
	float m_flLastMinDistSqr;
	float m_flLastMaxDistSqr;

	// Particle collection kill list. set up by particle system mgr
	int m_nNumParticlesToKill;
	int *m_pParticleKillList;

	// Used to build a list of all particle collections that have the same particle def 
	CParticleCollection *m_pNextDef;
	CParticleCollection *m_pPrevDef;

	void LoanKillListTo( CParticleCollection *pBorrower ) const;
	bool HasAttachedKillList( void ) const;


	// For debugging
	CParticleOperatorInstance *m_pRenderOp;
	friend class CParticleSystemMgr;
	friend class CParticleOperatorInstance;
};


class CM128InitialAttributeIterator : public CStridedConstPtr<fltx4>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE CM128InitialAttributeIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->GetInitialM128AttributePtr( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};


class CM128AttributeIterator : public CStridedConstPtr<fltx4>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE CM128AttributeIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->GetM128AttributePtr( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};

class C4IAttributeIterator : public CStridedConstPtr<FourInts>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE C4IAttributeIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->Get4IAttributePtr( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};

class CM128AttributeWriteIterator : public CStridedPtr<fltx4>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE CM128AttributeWriteIterator( void )
	{
	}
	FORCEINLINE void Init ( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->GetM128AttributePtrForWrite( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
	FORCEINLINE CM128AttributeWriteIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		Init( nAttribute, pParticles );
	}
};

class C4VAttributeIterator : public CStridedConstPtr<FourVectors>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE C4VAttributeIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->Get4VAttributePtr( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};

class C4VInitialAttributeIterator : public CStridedConstPtr<FourVectors>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE C4VInitialAttributeIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->GetInitial4VAttributePtr( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};

class C4VAttributeWriteIterator : public CStridedPtr<FourVectors>
{
public:
	FORCEINLINE C4VAttributeWriteIterator( int nAttribute, CParticleCollection *pParticles )
	{
		m_pData = pParticles->Get4VAttributePtrForWrite( nAttribute, &m_nStride );
	}
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Inline methods of CParticleCollection
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

inline bool CParticleCollection::HasAttachedKillList( void ) const
{
	return m_pParticleKillList != NULL;
}

inline bool CParticleCollection::ReadsControlPoint( int nPoint ) const
{
	return ( m_nControlPointReadMask & ( 1ULL << nPoint ) ) != 0;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetNActiveParticles( int nCount )
{
	Assert( nCount <= m_nMaxAllowedParticles );
	m_nActiveParticles = nCount;
	m_nPaddedActiveParticles = ( nCount+3 )/4;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SwapPosAndPrevPos( void )
{
	// strides better be the same!
	Assert( m_nParticleFloatStrides[PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_XYZ] == m_nParticleFloatStrides[ PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_PREV_XYZ ] );
	V_swap( m_pParticleAttributes[ PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_XYZ ], m_pParticleAttributes[ PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_PREV_XYZ ] );
}

inline void CParticleCollection::LoanKillListTo( CParticleCollection *pBorrower ) const
{
	Assert(! pBorrower->m_pParticleKillList );
	pBorrower->m_nNumParticlesToKill = 0;
	pBorrower->m_pParticleKillList = m_pParticleKillList;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetAttributeToConstant( int nAttribute, float fValue )
{
	float *fconst = m_pConstantAttributes + 4*3*nAttribute;
	fconst[0] = fconst[1] = fconst[2] = fconst[3] = fValue;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetAttributeToConstant( int nAttribute, float fValueX, float fValueY, float fValueZ )
{
	float *fconst = m_pConstantAttributes + 4*3*nAttribute;
	fconst[0] = fconst[1] = fconst[2] = fconst[3] = fValueX;
	fconst[4] = fconst[5] = fconst[6] = fconst[7] = fValueY;
	fconst[8] = fconst[9] = fconst[10] = fconst[11] = fValueZ;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPoint( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v )
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_nHighestCP = MAX( m_nHighestCP, nWhichPoint );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_Position = v;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPoint( nWhichPoint, v );
	}
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointObject( int nWhichPoint, void *pObject )
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_pObject = pObject;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPointObject( nWhichPoint, pObject );
	}
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointOrientation( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &forward,
								const Vector &right, const Vector &up )
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );

	// check perpendicular
	if ( fabs( DotProduct( forward, up ) ) <= 0.1f
		&& fabs( DotProduct( forward, right ) ) <= 0.1f
		&& fabs( DotProduct( right, up ) ) <= 0.1f )
	{
		m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_ForwardVector = forward;
		m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_UpVector = up;
		m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_RightVector = right;

		// make sure all children are finished
		for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
		{
			i->SetControlPointOrientation( nWhichPoint, forward, right, up );
		}
	}
	else
	{
		Warning( "Attempt to set particle collection %s to invalid orientation matrix\n", GetName() );
	}
}

inline Vector CParticleCollection::TransformAxis( const Vector &SrcAxis, bool bLocalSpace,
												  int nControlPointNumber)
{
	if ( bLocalSpace )
	{
		return												// mxmul
			( SrcAxis.x*m_ControlPoints[nControlPointNumber].m_RightVector )+
			( SrcAxis.y*m_ControlPoints[nControlPointNumber].m_ForwardVector )+
			( SrcAxis.z*m_ControlPoints[nControlPointNumber].m_UpVector );
	}
	else
		return SrcAxis;
}


inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointOrientation( int nWhichPoint, const Quaternion &q )
{
	matrix3x4_t mat;
	Vector vecForward, vecUp, vecRight;
	QuaternionMatrix( q, mat );
	MatrixVectors( mat, &vecForward, &vecRight, &vecUp );
	SetControlPointOrientation( nWhichPoint, vecForward, vecRight, vecUp );
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointForwardVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v)
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_ForwardVector = v;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPointForwardVector( nWhichPoint, v );
	}
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointUpVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v)
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_UpVector = v;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPointUpVector( nWhichPoint, v );
	}
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointRightVector( int nWhichPoint, const Vector &v)
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_RightVector = v;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPointRightVector( nWhichPoint, v );
	}
}

inline void CParticleCollection::SetControlPointParent( int nWhichPoint, int n )
{
	Assert( ( nWhichPoint >= 0) && ( nWhichPoint < MAX_PARTICLE_CONTROL_POINTS ) );
	m_ControlPoints[ nWhichPoint ].m_nParent = n;
	for( CParticleCollection *i = m_Children.m_pHead; i; i=i->m_pNext )
	{
		i->SetControlPointParent( nWhichPoint, n );
	}
}


// Returns the memory for a particular constant attribute
inline float *CParticleCollection::GetConstantAttributeMemory( int nAttribute )
{
	return m_pConstantAttributes + 3 * 4 * nAttribute;
}

// Random number offset (for use in getting Random #s in operators)
inline int CParticleCollection::OperatorRandomSampleOffset() const
{
	return m_nOperatorRandomSampleOffset;
}

// Used by particle systems to generate random numbers
inline int CParticleCollection::RandomInt( int nRandomSampleId, int nMin, int nMax )
{
	// do not call
	float flRand = s_pRandomFloats[ ( m_nRandomSeed + nRandomSampleId ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	flRand *= ( nMax + 1 - nMin );
	int nRand = (int)flRand + nMin;
	return nRand;
}

inline float CParticleCollection::RandomFloat( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax )
{
	// do not call
	float flRand = s_pRandomFloats[ ( m_nRandomSeed + nRandomSampleId ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	flRand *= ( flMax - flMin );
	flRand += flMin;
	return flRand;
}

inline fltx4 CParticleCollection::RandomFloat( const FourInts &ParticleID, int nRandomSampleOffset )
{
	fltx4 Retval;
	int nOfs=m_nRandomSeed+nRandomSampleOffset;
	SubFloat( Retval, 0 ) = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nOfs + ParticleID.m_nValue[0] ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	SubFloat( Retval, 1 ) = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nOfs + ParticleID.m_nValue[1] ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	SubFloat( Retval, 2 ) = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nOfs + ParticleID.m_nValue[2] ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	SubFloat( Retval, 3 ) = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nOfs + ParticleID.m_nValue[3] ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	return Retval;
}


inline float CParticleCollection::RandomFloatExp( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax, float flExponent )
{
	// do not call
	float flRand = s_pRandomFloats[ ( m_nRandomSeed + nRandomSampleId ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	flRand = powf( flRand, flExponent );
	flRand *= ( flMax - flMin );
	flRand += flMin;
	return flRand;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::RandomVector( int nRandomSampleId, float flMin, float flMax, Vector *pVector )
{
	// do not call
	float flDelta = flMax - flMin;
	int nBaseId = m_nRandomSeed + nRandomSampleId;

	pVector->x = s_pRandomFloats[ nBaseId & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	pVector->x *= flDelta;
	pVector->x += flMin;

	pVector->y = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nBaseId + 1 ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	pVector->y *= flDelta;
	pVector->y += flMin;

	pVector->z = s_pRandomFloats[ ( nBaseId + 2 ) & RANDOM_FLOAT_MASK ];
	pVector->z *= flDelta;
	pVector->z += flMin;
}

inline void CParticleCollection::RandomVector( int nRandomSampleId, const Vector &vecMin, const Vector &vecMax, Vector *pVector )
{
	// do not call
	int nBaseId = m_nRandomSeed + nRandomSampleId;
	pVector->x = RandomFloat( nBaseId,     vecMin.x, vecMax.x );
	pVector->y = RandomFloat( nBaseId + 1, vecMin.y, vecMax.y );
	pVector->z = RandomFloat( nBaseId + 2, vecMin.z, vecMax.z );
}

// Used by particle systems to generate random numbers
inline int CParticleCollection::RandomInt( int nMin, int nMax )
{
	// do not call
	return RandomInt( m_nRandomQueryCount++, nMin, nMax );
}

inline float CParticleCollection::RandomFloat( float flMin, float flMax )
{
	// do not call
	return RandomFloat( m_nRandomQueryCount++, flMin, flMax );
}

inline float CParticleCollection::RandomFloatExp( float flMin, float flMax, float flExponent )
{
	// do not call
	return RandomFloatExp( m_nRandomQueryCount++, flMin, flMax, flExponent );
}

inline void CParticleCollection::RandomVector( float flMin, float flMax, Vector *pVector )
{
	// do not call
	RandomVector( m_nRandomQueryCount++, flMin, flMax, pVector );
}

inline void CParticleCollection::RandomVector( const Vector &vecMin, const Vector &vecMax, Vector *pVector )
{
	// do not call
	RandomVector( m_nRandomQueryCount++, vecMin, vecMax, pVector );
}

inline float CParticleCollection::RandomVectorInUnitSphere( Vector *pVector )
{
	// do not call
	return RandomVectorInUnitSphere( m_nRandomQueryCount++, pVector );
}


// get the pointer to an attribute for a given particle.  !!speed!! if you find yourself
// calling this anywhere that matters, you're not handling the simd-ness of the particle system
// well and will have bad perf.
inline const float *CParticleCollection::GetFloatAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const
{
	Assert( nParticleNumber < m_nAllocatedParticles );
	int block_ofs = nParticleNumber/4;
	return m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] + 
		m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ] * block_ofs +
		( nParticleNumber & 3 );
}

inline int *CParticleCollection::GetIntAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber )
{
	return reinterpret_cast< int* >( GetFloatAttributePtrForWrite( nAttribute, nParticleNumber ) );
}

inline const int *CParticleCollection::GetIntAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const
{
	return (int*)GetFloatAttributePtr( nAttribute, nParticleNumber );
}

inline const fltx4 *CParticleCollection::GetM128AttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/4;
	return reinterpret_cast<fltx4 *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline const FourInts *CParticleCollection::Get4IAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/4;
	return reinterpret_cast<FourInts *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline const int32 *CParticleCollection::GetIntAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ];
	return reinterpret_cast<int32 *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline const FourVectors *CParticleCollection::Get4VAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/12;
	return reinterpret_cast<const FourVectors *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline FourVectors *CParticleCollection::Get4VAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) 
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/12;
	return reinterpret_cast<FourVectors *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline const FourVectors *CParticleCollection::GetInitial4VAttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/12;
	return reinterpret_cast<FourVectors *>( m_pParticleInitialAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline float *CParticleCollection::GetFloatAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber )
{
	// NOTE: If you hit this assertion, it means your particle operator isn't returning
	// the appropriate fields in the RequiredAttributesMask call
	Assert( !m_bIsRunningInitializers || ( m_nPerParticleInitializedAttributeMask & (1 << nAttribute) ) );
	Assert( !m_bIsRunningOperators || ( m_nPerParticleUpdatedAttributeMask & (1 << nAttribute) ) );

	Assert( m_nParticleFloatStrides[nAttribute] != 0 );

	Assert( nParticleNumber < m_nAllocatedParticles );
	int block_ofs = nParticleNumber/4;
	return m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] + 
		m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ] * block_ofs +
		( nParticleNumber & 3 );
}

inline fltx4 *CParticleCollection::GetM128AttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut )
{
	// NOTE: If you hit this assertion, it means your particle operator isn't returning
	// the appropriate fields in the RequiredAttributesMask call
	if ( !HushAsserts() )
	{
		Assert( !m_bIsRunningInitializers || ( m_nPerParticleInitializedAttributeMask & (1 << nAttribute) ) );
		Assert( !m_bIsRunningOperators || ( m_nPerParticleUpdatedAttributeMask & (1 << nAttribute) ) );
		Assert( m_nParticleFloatStrides[nAttribute] != 0 );
	}

	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/4;
	return reinterpret_cast<fltx4 *>( m_pParticleAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline const float *CParticleCollection::GetInitialFloatAttributePtr( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber ) const
{
	Assert( nParticleNumber < m_nAllocatedParticles );
	int block_ofs = nParticleNumber / 4;
	return m_pParticleInitialAttributes[ nAttribute ] + m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[ nAttribute ] * block_ofs + ( nParticleNumber & 3 );
}

inline const fltx4 *CParticleCollection::GetInitialM128AttributePtr( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut ) const
{
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[ nAttribute ]/4;
	return reinterpret_cast<fltx4 *>( m_pParticleInitialAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

inline float *CParticleCollection::GetInitialFloatAttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, int nParticleNumber )
{
	Assert( nParticleNumber < m_nAllocatedParticles );
	Assert( m_nPerParticleReadInitialAttributeMask & ( 1 << nAttribute ) );
	int block_ofs = nParticleNumber / 4;
	return m_pParticleInitialAttributes[ nAttribute ] + m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[ nAttribute ] * block_ofs + ( nParticleNumber & 3 );
}

inline fltx4 *CParticleCollection::GetInitialM128AttributePtrForWrite( int nAttribute, size_t *pStrideOut )
{
	Assert( m_nPerParticleReadInitialAttributeMask & ( 1 << nAttribute ) );
	*(pStrideOut) = m_nParticleInitialFloatStrides[ nAttribute ] / 4;
	return reinterpret_cast<fltx4 *>( m_pParticleInitialAttributes[ nAttribute ] );
}

// Used to make sure we're accessing valid memory
inline bool CParticleCollection::IsValidAttributePtr( int nAttribute, const void *pPtr ) const
{
	if ( pPtr < m_pParticleAttributes[nAttribute] )
		return false;

	size_t nArraySize = m_nParticleFloatStrides[nAttribute] * m_nAllocatedParticles / 4;
	void *pMaxPtr = m_pParticleAttributes[nAttribute] + nArraySize;
	return ( pPtr <= pMaxPtr );
}


FORCEINLINE void CParticleCollection::KillParticle( int nPidx )
{
	// add a particle to the sorted kill list. entries must be added in sorted order.
	// within a particle operator, this is safe to call. Outside of one, you have to call
	// the ApplyKillList() method yourself. The storage for the kill list is global between
	// all particle systems, so you can't kill a particle in 2 different CParticleCollections
	// w/o calling ApplyKillList

	// That said, we only expect the particle index to be at most more than 3 larger than the
	// particle count
	Assert( nPidx < m_nActiveParticles + 4 );

	// note that it is permissible to kill particles with indices>the number of active
	// particles, in order to faciliate easy sse coding
	Assert( m_nNumParticlesToKill < MAX_PARTICLES_IN_A_SYSTEM );
	m_pParticleKillList[ m_nNumParticlesToKill++ ] = nPidx;
}

// initialize this attribute for all active particles
inline void CParticleCollection::FillAttributeWithConstant( int nAttribute, float fValue )
{
	size_t stride;
	fltx4 *pAttr = GetM128AttributePtrForWrite( nAttribute, &stride );
	fltx4 fill=ReplicateX4( fValue );
	for( int i = 0; i < m_nPaddedActiveParticles; i++ )
	{
		*(pAttr) = fill;
		pAttr += stride;
	}
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helper to set vector attribute values
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FORCEINLINE void SetVectorAttribute( float *pAttribute, float x, float y, float z )
{
	pAttribute[0] = x;
	pAttribute[4] = y;
	pAttribute[8] = z;
}

FORCEINLINE void SetVectorAttribute( float *pAttribute, const Vector &v )
{
	pAttribute[0] = v.x;
	pAttribute[4] = v.y;
	pAttribute[8] = v.z;
}

FORCEINLINE void SetVectorFromAttribute( Vector &v, const float *pAttribute )
{
	v.x = pAttribute[0];
	v.y = pAttribute[4];
	v.z = pAttribute[8];
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Computes the sq distance to a particle position
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FORCEINLINE float CParticleCollection::ComputeSqrDistanceToParticle( int hParticle, const Vector &vecPosition ) const
{
	const float *xyz = GetFloatAttributePtr( PARTICLE_ATTRIBUTE_XYZ, hParticle );
	Vector vecParticlePosition( xyz[0], xyz[4], xyz[8] );
	return vecParticlePosition.DistToSqr( vecPosition );
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Grows the dist sq range for all particles
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
FORCEINLINE void CParticleCollection::GrowDistSqrBounds( float flDistSqr )
{
	if ( m_flLastMinDistSqr > flDistSqr )
	{
		m_flLastMinDistSqr = flDistSqr;
	}
	else if ( m_flLastMaxDistSqr < flDistSqr )
	{
		m_flLastMaxDistSqr = flDistSqr;
	}
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Data associated with children particle systems
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct ParticleChildrenInfo_t
{
	DmObjectId_t m_Id;
	CUtlString m_Name;
	bool m_bUseNameBasedLookup;
	float m_flDelay;		// How much to delay this system after the parent starts
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// A template describing how a particle system will function
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CParticleSystemDefinition
{
	DECLARE_DMXELEMENT_UNPACK();
	DECLARE_REFERENCED_CLASS( CParticleSystemDefinition );

	
public:
	CParticleSystemDefinition( void );
	~CParticleSystemDefinition( void );

	// Serialization, unserialization
	void Read( CDmxElement *pElement );
	CDmxElement *Write();

	const char *MaterialName() const;
	IMaterial *GetMaterial() const;
	const char *GetName() const;
    const DmObjectId_t& GetId() const;

	// Does the particle system use the power of two frame buffer texture (refraction?)
	bool UsesPowerOfTwoFrameBufferTexture();

	// Does the particle system use the full frame buffer texture (soft particles)
	bool UsesFullFrameBufferTexture();

	// Should we always precache this?
	bool ShouldAlwaysPrecache() const;

	// Should we batch particle collections using this definition up?
	bool ShouldBatch() const;

	// Is the particle system rendered on the viewmodel?
	bool IsViewModelEffect() const;

	// Used to iterate over all particle collections using the same def
	CParticleCollection *FirstCollection();

	// What's the effective cull size + fill cost?
	// Used for early retirement
	float GetCullRadius() const;
	float GetCullFillCost() const;
	int GetCullControlPoint() const;
	const char *GetCullReplacementDefinition() const;

	// Retirement
	bool HasRetirementBeenChecked( int nFrame ) const;
	void MarkRetirementCheck( int nFrame );

	// Control point read
	void MarkReadsControlPoint( int nPoint );
	bool ReadsControlPoint( int nPoint ) const;

private:
	void Precache();
	void Uncache();
	bool IsPrecached() const;

	void UnlinkAllCollections();

	void SetupContextData( );
	void ParseChildren( CDmxElement *pElement );
	void ParseOperators( const char *pszName, ParticleFunctionType_t nFunctionType,
		CDmxElement *pElement, CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> &out_list );
	void WriteChildren( CDmxElement *pElement );
	void WriteOperators( CDmxElement *pElement, const char *pOpKeyName,
		const CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> &inList );
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> *GetOperatorList( ParticleFunctionType_t type );
	CParticleOperatorInstance *FindOperatorById( ParticleFunctionType_t type, const DmObjectId_t &id );

private:
	int m_nInitialParticles;
	int m_nPerParticleUpdatedAttributeMask;
	int m_nPerParticleInitializedAttributeMask;
	int m_nInitialAttributeReadMask;
	int m_nAttributeReadMask;
	uint64 m_nControlPointReadMask;
	Vector m_BoundingBoxMin;
	Vector m_BoundingBoxMax;
	char m_pszMaterialName[MAX_PATH];
	CMaterialReference m_Material;
	CParticleCollection *m_pFirstCollection;
	char m_pszCullReplacementName[128];
	float m_flCullRadius;
	float m_flCullFillCost;
	int m_nCullControlPoint;
	int m_nRetireCheckFrame;

	// Default attribute values
	Color m_ConstantColor;
	float m_flConstantRadius;
	float m_flConstantRotation;
	float m_flConstantRotationSpeed;
	int m_nConstantSequenceNumber;
	int m_nConstantSequenceNumber1;
	int m_nGroupID;
	float m_flMaximumTimeStep;
	float m_flMaximumSimTime;					 // maximum time to sim before drawing first frame.
	float m_flMinimumSimTime; // minimum time to sim before drawing first frame - prevents all
							  // capped particles from drawing at 0 time.

	int m_nMinimumFrames;					  // number of frames to apply max/min simulation times


	// Is the particle system rendered on the viewmodel?
	bool m_bViewModelEffect;


	size_t m_nContextDataSize;
	DmObjectId_t m_Id;

public:
	float m_flMaxDrawDistance;								// distance at which to not draw. 
	float m_flNoDrawTimeToGoToSleep;						// after not beeing seen for this long, the system will sleep

	int m_nMaxParticles;
	int m_nSkipRenderControlPoint;							// if the camera is attached to the
															// object associated with this control
															// point, don't render the system

	CUtlString m_Name;

	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_Operators;
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_Renderers;
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_Initializers;
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_Emitters;
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_ForceGenerators;
	CUtlVector<CParticleOperatorInstance *> m_Constraints;
	CUtlVector<ParticleChildrenInfo_t> m_Children;

	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nOperatorsCtxOffsets;
	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nRenderersCtxOffsets;
	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nInitializersCtxOffsets;
	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nEmittersCtxOffsets;
	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nForceGeneratorsCtxOffsets;
	CUtlVector<size_t> m_nConstraintsCtxOffsets;

	// profiling information
	float m_flTotalSimTime;
	float m_flUncomittedTotalSimTime;
	float m_flMaxMeasuredSimTime;
	int m_nMaximumActiveParticles;
	bool m_bShouldSort;
	bool m_bShouldBatch;
	bool m_bIsPrecached : 1;
	bool m_bAlwaysPrecache : 1;

	friend class CParticleCollection;
	friend class CParticleSystemMgr;
};


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Inline methods
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
inline CParticleSystemDefinition::CParticleSystemDefinition( void )
{
	m_nControlPointReadMask = 0;
	m_nInitialAttributeReadMask = 0;
	m_nPerParticleInitializedAttributeMask = 0;
	m_nPerParticleUpdatedAttributeMask = 0;
	m_nAttributeReadMask = 0;
	m_flTotalSimTime = 0.0;
	m_flMaxMeasuredSimTime = 0.0;
	m_nMaximumActiveParticles = 0;
	m_bIsPrecached = false;
	m_bAlwaysPrecache = false;
	m_bShouldBatch = false;
	m_bShouldSort = true;
	m_pFirstCollection = NULL;
	m_flCullRadius = 0.0f;
	m_flCullFillCost = 1.0f;
	m_nRetireCheckFrame = 0;
}

inline CParticleSystemDefinition::~CParticleSystemDefinition( void )
{
	UnlinkAllCollections();
	m_Operators.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
	m_Renderers.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
	m_Initializers.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
	m_Emitters.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
	m_ForceGenerators.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
	m_Constraints.PurgeAndDeleteElements();
}

// Used to iterate over all particle collections using the same def
inline CParticleCollection *CParticleSystemDefinition::FirstCollection()
{ 
	return m_pFirstCollection; 
}

inline float CParticleSystemDefinition::GetCullRadius() const 
{ 
	return m_flCullRadius;
}

inline float CParticleSystemDefinition::GetCullFillCost() const
{
	return m_flCullFillCost;
}

inline const char *CParticleSystemDefinition::GetCullReplacementDefinition() const
{
	return m_pszCullReplacementName;
}

inline int CParticleSystemDefinition::GetCullControlPoint() const
{
	return m_nCullControlPoint;
}

inline void CParticleSystemDefinition::MarkReadsControlPoint( int nPoint ) 
{ 
	m_nControlPointReadMask |= ( 1ULL << nPoint );
}

inline bool CParticleSystemDefinition::ReadsControlPoint( int nPoint ) const 
{ 
	return ( m_nControlPointReadMask & ( 1ULL << nPoint ) ) != 0;
}

// Retirement
inline bool CParticleSystemDefinition::HasRetirementBeenChecked( int nFrame ) const
{
	return m_nRetireCheckFrame == nFrame;
}

inline void CParticleSystemDefinition::MarkRetirementCheck( int nFrame )
{
	m_nRetireCheckFrame = nFrame;
}

inline bool CParticleSystemDefinition::ShouldBatch() const
{
	return m_bShouldBatch;
}

inline bool CParticleSystemDefinition::IsViewModelEffect() const
{
	return m_bViewModelEffect;
}

inline const char *CParticleSystemDefinition::MaterialName() const
{
	return m_pszMaterialName;
}

inline const DmObjectId_t& CParticleSystemDefinition::GetId() const
{
	return m_Id;
}

inline int CParticleCollection::GetGroupID( void ) const
{
	return m_pDef->m_nGroupID;
}

FORCEINLINE const Vector& CParticleCollection::GetControlPointAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint ) const
{
	Assert( nControlPoint <= GetHighestControlPoint() );
	Assert( m_pDef->ReadsControlPoint( nControlPoint ) );
	return m_ControlPoints[nControlPoint].m_Position;
}

FORCEINLINE void CParticleCollection::GetControlPointOrientationAtCurrentTime( int nControlPoint, Vector *pForward, Vector *pRight, Vector *pUp ) const
{
	Assert( nControlPoint <= GetHighestControlPoint() );
	Assert( m_pDef->ReadsControlPoint( nControlPoint ) );

	// FIXME: Use quaternion lerp to get control point transform at time
	*pForward = m_ControlPoints[nControlPoint].m_ForwardVector;
	*pRight = m_ControlPoints[nControlPoint].m_RightVector;
	*pUp = m_ControlPoints[nControlPoint].m_UpVector;
}

FORCEINLINE int CParticleCollection::GetControlPointParent( int nControlPoint ) const
{
	Assert( nControlPoint <= GetHighestControlPoint() );
	Assert( m_pDef->ReadsControlPoint( nControlPoint ) );
	return m_ControlPoints[nControlPoint].m_nParent;
}

FORCEINLINE bool CParticleCollection::IsValid( void ) const 
{ 
	return ( m_pDef != NULL && m_pDef->GetMaterial() );  
}


#endif	// PARTICLES_H