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docs(design_pattern): 添加设计模式相关代码示例
- 新增多个设计模式的 Go 语言实现示例 - 包括创建型、结构型和行为型设计模式 - 每个设计模式都有对应的代码文件和解释
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‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/ChainOfResponsibility/ChainOfResponsibility.go

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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"net/http"
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)
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type Context struct {
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request *http.Request
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w http.ResponseWriter
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index int
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handlers []HandlerFun
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}
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func (c *Context) Next() {
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c.index++
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if c.index < len(c.handlers) {
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c.handlers[c.index](c)
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}
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}
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func (c *Context) Abort() {
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c.index = len(c.handlers)
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}
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type HandlerFun func(*Context)
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type Engine struct {
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handlers []HandlerFun
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}
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func (e *Engine) Use(f HandlerFun) {
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e.handlers = append(e.handlers, f)
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}
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func (e *Engine) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
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context := &Context{
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request: r,
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w: w,
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index: -1,
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handlers: e.handlers,
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}
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context.Next()
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}
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func AuthMiddleware(c *Context) {
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fmt.Println("认证中间件")
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}
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func LogMiddleware(c *Context) {
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fmt.Println("日志中间件")
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c.Next()
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}
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func main() {
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r := &Engine{}
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r.Use(LogMiddleware)
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r.Use(AuthMiddleware)
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fmt.Println("web server on :8080")
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http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
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}

‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/Command/Command.go

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package main
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import "fmt"
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type Command interface {
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Execute()
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}
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type PrintCommand struct {
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Content string
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}
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func (p PrintCommand) Execute() {
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fmt.Println("打印消息", p.Content)
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}
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type SendEmail struct {
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To string
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Content string
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}
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func (s SendEmail) Execute() {
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fmt.Println("发送邮件", s.To, s.Content)
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}
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type SendTel struct {
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To string
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Content string
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}
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func (s SendTel) Execute() {
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fmt.Println("发送短信", s.To, s.Content)
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}
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type TaskQueue struct {
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Queue []Command
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}
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func NewTaskQueue() *TaskQueue {
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return &TaskQueue{}
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}
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func (t *TaskQueue) AddCommand(command Command) {
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t.Queue = append(t.Queue, command)
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}
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func (t *TaskQueue) Command() {
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for _, command := range t.Queue {
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command.Execute()
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}
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}
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func main() {
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queue := NewTaskQueue()
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queue.AddCommand(&PrintCommand{
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Content: "你好",
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})
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queue.AddCommand(&SendEmail{
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Content: "你好",
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To: "xxx@qq.com",
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})
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queue.AddCommand(&SendTel{
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Content: "你好",
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To: "11122223333",
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})
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queue.Command()
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}

‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/Interpreter/Interpreter.go

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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"strings"
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)
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func main() {
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// 定义模板字符串
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const tmpl = `Hello, {{ Name }}! You are {{Age}} years old.`
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template := ParseTemplate(tmpl)
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res := template.Interpreter(&Context{
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Data: map[string]any{
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"Name": "fengfeng",
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"Age": 21,
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},
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})
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fmt.Println(res)
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}
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type Context struct {
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Data map[string]any
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}
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type Node interface {
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Interpreter(*Context) string
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}
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type TextNode struct {
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Content string
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}
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func (t *TextNode) Interpreter(ctx *Context) string {
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return t.Content
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}
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type VarNode struct {
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Key string
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}
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func (t *VarNode) Interpreter(ctx *Context) string {
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val, ok := ctx.Data[t.Key]
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if !ok {
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return ""
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}
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return fmt.Sprintf("%v", val)
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}
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type Template struct {
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tree []Node
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}
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func ParseTemplate(tmpl string) *Template {
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var template = new(Template)
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var index = 0
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for {
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startIndex := strings.Index(tmpl[index:], "{{")
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if startIndex == -1 {
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template.tree = append(template.tree, &TextNode{
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Content: tmpl[index:],
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})
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break
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}
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template.tree = append(template.tree, &TextNode{
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Content: tmpl[index : index+startIndex],
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})
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endIndex := strings.Index(tmpl[index+startIndex:], "}}")
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if endIndex == -1 {
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break
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}
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key := strings.TrimSpace(tmpl[index+startIndex+2 : index+startIndex+endIndex])
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template.tree = append(template.tree, &VarNode{
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Key: key,
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})
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index = index + startIndex + endIndex + 2
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}
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return template
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}
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func (t *Template) Interpreter(ctx *Context) string {
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var s string
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for _, node := range t.tree {
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s += node.Interpreter(ctx)
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}
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return s
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}

‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/Iterator/Iterator.go

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package main
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import "fmt"
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type Book struct {
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Title string
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}
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type BookIterator struct {
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Books []*Book
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position int
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}
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func NewBookIterator(book []*Book) *BookIterator {
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return &BookIterator{
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Books: book,
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position: 0,
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}
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}
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type Iterator interface {
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HasNext() bool
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Next() *Book
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}
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func (b *BookIterator) HasNext() bool {
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if b.position >= len(b.Books) {
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return false
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}
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return true
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}
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func (b *BookIterator) Next() *Book {
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if !b.HasNext() {
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return nil
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}
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book := b.Books[b.position]
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b.position++
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return book
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}
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func IteratorFunc(iterator Iterator) {
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for iterator.HasNext() {
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book := iterator.Next()
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fmt.Println(book.Title)
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}
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}
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func main() {
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book := []*Book{
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{Title: "Go开发"},
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{Title: "前端开发"},
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{Title: "XX开发"},
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}
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bookIterator := NewBookIterator(book)
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IteratorFunc(bookIterator)
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}

‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/Mediator/Mediator.go

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package main
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import "fmt"
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type Obj interface {
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SendMsg(string)
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RevMsg(string)
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}
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type Mediator interface {
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SendMsg(msg string, user Obj)
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}
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type User struct {
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Name string
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mediator Mediator
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}
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func (u User) SendMsg(msg string) {
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fmt.Printf("用户 %s 发了消息 %s\n", u.Name, msg)
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u.mediator.SendMsg(msg, u)
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}
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func (u User) RevMsg(msg string) {
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fmt.Printf("用户 %s 接收到消息 %s\n", u.Name, msg)
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}
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type ChatRoom struct {
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users []User
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}
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func (c *ChatRoom) Register(user User) {
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c.users = append(c.users, user)
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}
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func (c *ChatRoom) SendMsg(msg string, user Obj) {
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for _, u := range c.users {
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if u == user {
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continue
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}
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u.RevMsg(msg)
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}
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}
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func main() {
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room := ChatRoom{}
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u1 := User{Name: "枫枫", mediator: &room}
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u2 := User{Name: "张三", mediator: &room}
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u3 := User{Name: "李四", mediator: &room}
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room.Register(u1)
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room.Register(u2)
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room.Register(u3)
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u1.SendMsg("你好啊")
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u2.SendMsg("吃了吗")
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u3.SendMsg("我吃了")
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}

‎go/design_pattern/BehavioralPattern/Memento/Memento.go

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package main
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import "fmt"
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type Node interface {
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SetState(state string)
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GetState() string
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}
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type TextNode struct {
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state string
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}
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func (t *TextNode) SetState(state string) {
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t.state = state
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}
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func (t *TextNode) GetState() string {
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return t.state
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}
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func (t *TextNode) Save() Memento {
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return &TextMemento{
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state: t.state,
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}
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}
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type Memento interface {
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GetState() string
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}
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type TextMemento struct {
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state string
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}
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func (t TextMemento) GetState() string {
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return t.state
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}
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type Manage struct {
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states []Memento
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}
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func (m *Manage) Save(t Memento) {
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m.states = append(m.states, t)
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}
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func (m *Manage) Back(index int) Memento {
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return m.states[index]
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}
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func main() {
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manage := Manage{}
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text := TextNode{}
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text.SetState("1")
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manage.Save(text.Save())
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text.SetState("2")
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manage.Save(text.Save())
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fmt.Println(text.GetState())
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fmt.Println(manage.Back(0).GetState())
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}

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