create a reusable workflow to test cpp-linter-action repo

```yml
    uses: cpp-linter/test-cpp-linter-action/.github/workflows/cpp-lint-action.yml@master
```

We can probably replace this with a specialized reusable workflow.

_Originally posted by @2bndy5 in https://github.com/cpp-linter/cpp-linter-action/pull/217#discussion_r1533868068_
            