NumPy 2.0.0rc1 currently ships OpenBLAS 0.3.26 that has a thread-safety bug on Windows: - https://github.com/OpenMathLib/OpenBLAS/issues/4582 This was fixed in OpenBLAS 0.3.27 but is not yet packaged on pypi.org: - https://pypi.org/project/scipy-openblas64/ This bug is causing the scikit-learn release CI to freeze when testing against numpy 2.0.0rc1.