From e19df465f0745aef4240f5388b5ca765137397be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Mon, 17 Mar 2025 15:58:59 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 01/13] Added basic RAG example [skip ci]

---
 .gitignore                    |  1 +
 README.md                     |  1 +
 examples/rag/example.py       | 65 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 examples/rag/requirements.txt |  3 ++
 4 files changed, 70 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 examples/rag/example.py
 create mode 100644 examples/rag/requirements.txt

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index f7ff659..c55ff44 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ venv/
 *.pyc
 __pycache__
 .pytest_cache/
+examples/rag/README.md
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b6bc055..24d9bb9 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ And follow the instructions for your database library:
 
 Or check out some examples:
 
+- [Retrieval-augmented generation](https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector-python/blob/master/examples/rag/example.py) with Ollama
 - [Embeddings](https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector-python/blob/master/examples/openai/example.py) with OpenAI
 - [Binary embeddings](https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector-python/blob/master/examples/cohere/example.py) with Cohere
 - [Sentence embeddings](https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector-python/blob/master/examples/sentence_transformers/example.py) with SentenceTransformers
diff --git a/examples/rag/example.py b/examples/rag/example.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d5d307
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/rag/example.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Run:
+# ollama pull llama3.2
+# ollama pull nomic-embed-text
+# ollama serve
+
+import numpy as np
+import ollama
+from pathlib import Path
+from pgvector.psycopg import register_vector
+import psycopg
+import urllib.request
+
+query = 'What index types are supported?'
+load_data = True
+
+conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
+conn.execute('CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector')
+register_vector(conn)
+
+if load_data:
+    # get data
+    url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pgvector/pgvector/refs/heads/master/README.md'
+    dest = Path(__file__).parent / 'README.md'
+    if not dest.exists():
+        urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, dest)
+
+    with open(dest, encoding='utf-8') as f:
+        doc = f.read()
+
+    # generate chunks
+    # TODO improve chunking
+    # TODO remove markdown
+    chunks = doc.split('\n## ')
+
+    # embed chunks
+    # nomic-embed-text has task instruction prefix
+    input = ['search_document: ' + chunk for chunk in chunks]
+    embeddings = ollama.embed(model='nomic-embed-text', input=input).embeddings
+
+    # create table
+    conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS chunks')
+    conn.execute('CREATE TABLE chunks (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, content text, embedding vector(768))')
+
+    # store chunks
+    cur = conn.cursor()
+    with cur.copy('COPY chunks (content, embedding) FROM STDIN WITH (FORMAT BINARY)') as copy:
+        copy.set_types(['text', 'vector'])
+
+        for content, embedding in zip(chunks, embeddings):
+            copy.write_row([content, embedding])
+
+# embed query
+# nomic-embed-text has task instruction prefix
+input = 'search_query: ' + query
+embedding = ollama.embed(model='nomic-embed-text', input=input).embeddings[0]
+
+# retrieve chunks
+result = conn.execute('SELECT content FROM chunks ORDER BY embedding <=> %s LIMIT 5', (np.array(embedding),)).fetchall()
+context = '\n\n'.join([row[0] for row in result])
+
+# get answer
+# TODO improve prompt
+prompt = f'Answer this question: {query}\n\n{context}'
+response = ollama.generate(model='llama3.2', prompt=prompt).response
+print(response)
diff --git a/examples/rag/requirements.txt b/examples/rag/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4eb5864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/rag/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ollama
+pgvector
+psycopg[binary]

From 1901b9cc8ab1eaf3a7415e3424509381a3399ccc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Mar 2025 01:20:18 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 02/13] Improved test [skip ci]

---
 tests/test_sqlalchemy.py | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tests/test_sqlalchemy.py b/tests/test_sqlalchemy.py
index 0d8d1ca..5aec977 100644
--- a/tests/test_sqlalchemy.py
+++ b/tests/test_sqlalchemy.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def psycopg_connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
     psycopg_async_type_engine = create_async_engine('postgresql+psycopg://localhost/pgvector_python_test')
 
     @event.listens_for(psycopg_async_type_engine.sync_engine, "connect")
-    def connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
+    def psycopg_async_connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
         from pgvector.psycopg import register_vector_async
         dbapi_connection.run_async(register_vector_async)
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
     asyncpg_type_engine = create_async_engine('postgresql+asyncpg://localhost/pgvector_python_test')
 
     @event.listens_for(asyncpg_type_engine.sync_engine, "connect")
-    def connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
+    def asyncpg_connect(dbapi_connection, connection_record):
         from pgvector.asyncpg import register_vector
         dbapi_connection.run_async(register_vector)
 

From eb654016181b69e9ed06871c39d8df329614cb66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 22:42:07 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 03/13] Added ColBERT example for approximate search - #123
 [skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py | 75 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 75 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 examples/colbert/approximate.py

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0508d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# approach from section 3.6 in https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12832
+
+from colbert.infra import ColBERTConfig
+from colbert.modeling.checkpoint import Checkpoint
+from pgvector.psycopg import register_vector
+import psycopg
+
+conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
+
+conn.execute('CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector')
+register_vector(conn)
+
+conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS documents')
+conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS document_embeddings')
+conn.execute('CREATE TABLE documents (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, content text)')
+conn.execute('CREATE TABLE document_embeddings (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, document_id bigint, embedding vector(128))')
+conn.execute("""
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION max_sim(document vector[], query vector[]) RETURNS double precision AS $$
+    WITH queries AS (
+        SELECT row_number() OVER () AS query_number, * FROM (SELECT unnest(query) AS query)
+    ),
+    documents AS (
+        SELECT unnest(document) AS document
+    ),
+    similarities AS (
+        SELECT query_number, 1 - (document <=> query) AS similarity FROM queries CROSS JOIN documents
+    ),
+    max_similarities AS (
+        SELECT MAX(similarity) AS max_similarity FROM similarities GROUP BY query_number
+    )
+    SELECT SUM(max_similarity) FROM max_similarities
+$$ LANGUAGE SQL
+""")
+
+config = ColBERTConfig(doc_maxlen=220, query_maxlen=32)
+checkpoint = Checkpoint('colbert-ir/colbertv2.0', colbert_config=config, verbose=0)
+
+input = [
+    'The dog is barking',
+    'The cat is purring',
+    'The bear is growling'
+]
+doc_embeddings = checkpoint.docFromText(input, keep_dims=False)
+for content, embeddings in zip(input, doc_embeddings):
+    with conn.transaction():
+        result = conn.execute('INSERT INTO documents (content) VALUES (%s) RETURNING id', (content,)).fetchone()
+        params = []
+        for embedding in embeddings:
+            params.extend([result[0], embedding.numpy()])
+        values = ', '.join(['(%s, %s)' for _ in embeddings])
+        conn.execute(f'INSERT INTO document_embeddings (document_id, embedding) VALUES {values}', params)
+
+conn.execute('CREATE INDEX ON document_embeddings (document_id)')
+conn.execute('CREATE INDEX ON document_embeddings USING hnsw (embedding vector_cosine_ops)')
+
+query = 'puppy'
+query_embeddings = [e.numpy() for e in checkpoint.queryFromText([query])[0]]
+approximate_stage = ' UNION ALL '.join(['(SELECT document_id FROM document_embeddings ORDER BY embedding <=> %s LIMIT 5)' for _ in query_embeddings])
+sql = f"""
+WITH approximate_stage AS (
+    {approximate_stage}
+),
+embeddings AS (
+    SELECT document_id, array_agg(embedding) AS embeddings FROM document_embeddings
+    WHERE document_id IN (SELECT DISTINCT document_id FROM approximate_stage)
+    GROUP BY document_id
+)
+SELECT content, max_sim(embeddings, %s) AS max_sim FROM documents
+INNER JOIN embeddings ON embeddings.document_id = documents.id
+ORDER BY max_sim DESC LIMIT 10
+"""
+params = [v for v in query_embeddings] + [query_embeddings]
+result = conn.execute(sql, params).fetchall()
+for row in result:
+    print(row)

From 8718cdde9f91490b39a06293ec48d8f26193334b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 22:51:47 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 04/13] Updated comment [skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
index 0508d0f..fc1d396 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/approximate.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# approach from section 3.6 in https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12832
+# based on section 3.6 of https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12832
 
 from colbert.infra import ColBERTConfig
 from colbert.modeling.checkpoint import Checkpoint

From 123f74343b03a7910b8b66de4fc33127f4696430 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 22:53:10 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 05/13] Improved example [skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
index fc1d396..290e66d 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/approximate.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
 
 conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS documents')
 conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS document_embeddings')
+
 conn.execute('CREATE TABLE documents (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, content text)')
 conn.execute('CREATE TABLE document_embeddings (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, document_id bigint, embedding vector(128))')
+
 conn.execute("""
 CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION max_sim(document vector[], query vector[]) RETURNS double precision AS $$
     WITH queries AS (
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@
 INNER JOIN embeddings ON embeddings.document_id = documents.id
 ORDER BY max_sim DESC LIMIT 10
 """
-params = [v for v in query_embeddings] + [query_embeddings]
+params = query_embeddings + [query_embeddings]
 result = conn.execute(sql, params).fetchall()
 for row in result:
     print(row)

From bef31a81ced1517f33c5fd960e7ba10f2fd5d8e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 23:02:35 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 06/13] Improved ColBERT examples [skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py   | 4 ++++
 examples/colbert/exact.py         | 4 ++++
 examples/colbert/requirements.txt | 1 +
 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
index 290e66d..623f913 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/approximate.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 from colbert.modeling.checkpoint import Checkpoint
 from pgvector.psycopg import register_vector
 import psycopg
+import warnings
+
+# ignore warnings from colbert
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
 
 conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
 
diff --git a/examples/colbert/exact.py b/examples/colbert/exact.py
index 1c90b47..ceed2e3 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/exact.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/exact.py
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 from colbert.modeling.checkpoint import Checkpoint
 from pgvector.psycopg import register_vector
 import psycopg
+import warnings
+
+# ignore warnings from colbert
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
 
 conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
 
diff --git a/examples/colbert/requirements.txt b/examples/colbert/requirements.txt
index 4402ce8..54b2cb9 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/requirements.txt
+++ b/examples/colbert/requirements.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 colbert-ai
 pgvector
 psycopg[binary]
+transformers==4.49.0

From 208b11a893c6e5a672481847251bc13a72c84165 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 23:08:09 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 07/13] Improved examples[skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py | 6 +++---
 examples/colbert/exact.py       | 6 +++---
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
index 623f913..14f1ce0 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/approximate.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -6,9 +6,6 @@
 import psycopg
 import warnings
 
-# ignore warnings from colbert
-warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
-
 conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
 
 conn.execute('CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector')
@@ -38,6 +35,9 @@
 $$ LANGUAGE SQL
 """)
 
+# ignore warnings from colbert
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+
 config = ColBERTConfig(doc_maxlen=220, query_maxlen=32)
 checkpoint = Checkpoint('colbert-ir/colbertv2.0', colbert_config=config, verbose=0)
 
diff --git a/examples/colbert/exact.py b/examples/colbert/exact.py
index ceed2e3..c1ca236 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/exact.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/exact.py
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 import psycopg
 import warnings
 
-# ignore warnings from colbert
-warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
-
 conn = psycopg.connect(dbname='pgvector_example', autocommit=True)
 
 conn.execute('CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector')
@@ -32,6 +29,9 @@
 $$ LANGUAGE SQL
 """)
 
+# ignore warnings from colbert
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+
 config = ColBERTConfig(doc_maxlen=220, query_maxlen=32)
 checkpoint = Checkpoint('colbert-ir/colbertv2.0', colbert_config=config, verbose=0)
 

From 6ff9b8997e75632936230829bd557281c49e1891 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 23:13:23 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 08/13] Updated ColBERT examples [skip ci]

---
 examples/colbert/approximate.py | 3 +--
 examples/colbert/exact.py       | 3 +--
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/colbert/approximate.py b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
index 14f1ce0..41f88b2 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/approximate.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/approximate.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@
 $$ LANGUAGE SQL
 """)
 
-# ignore warnings from colbert
-warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')  # ignore warnings from colbert
 
 config = ColBERTConfig(doc_maxlen=220, query_maxlen=32)
 checkpoint = Checkpoint('colbert-ir/colbertv2.0', colbert_config=config, verbose=0)
diff --git a/examples/colbert/exact.py b/examples/colbert/exact.py
index c1ca236..e6a2936 100644
--- a/examples/colbert/exact.py
+++ b/examples/colbert/exact.py
@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@
 $$ LANGUAGE SQL
 """)
 
-# ignore warnings from colbert
-warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')  # ignore warnings from colbert
 
 config = ColBERTConfig(doc_maxlen=220, query_maxlen=32)
 checkpoint = Checkpoint('colbert-ir/colbertv2.0', colbert_config=config, verbose=0)

From 3f9e9a20b9f08033e7dc4e61ff4c43b34951d2ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Tue, 15 Apr 2025 10:01:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 09/13] Updated Cohere example [skip ci]

---
 examples/cohere/example.py | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/cohere/example.py b/examples/cohere/example.py
index 393d1e0..5ef4eec 100644
--- a/examples/cohere/example.py
+++ b/examples/cohere/example.py
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 register_vector(conn)
 
 conn.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS documents')
-conn.execute('CREATE TABLE documents (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, content text, embedding bit(1024))')
+conn.execute('CREATE TABLE documents (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, content text, embedding bit(1536))')
 
 
 def embed(input, input_type):
-    co = cohere.Client()
-    response = co.embed(texts=input, model='embed-english-v3.0', input_type=input_type, embedding_types=['ubinary'])
+    co = cohere.ClientV2()
+    response = co.embed(texts=input, model='embed-v4.0', input_type=input_type, embedding_types=['ubinary'])
     return [np.unpackbits(np.array(embedding, dtype=np.uint8)) for embedding in response.embeddings.ubinary]
 
 

From 713590a798190b34f4c43c4b097dbd61455113c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Mon, 21 Apr 2025 03:09:36 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 10/13] Fixed SparseVector constructor for SciPy sparse
 matrices - fixes #127

---
 CHANGELOG.md                |  4 ++++
 pgvector/sparsevec.py       |  2 +-
 tests/test_sparse_vector.py | 14 +++++++++++++-
 3 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d0e2730..1bbd73c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 0.4.1 (unreleased)
+
+- Fixed `SparseVector` constructor for SciPy sparse matrices
+
 ## 0.4.0 (2025-03-15)
 
 - Added top-level `pgvector` package
diff --git a/pgvector/sparsevec.py b/pgvector/sparsevec.py
index 8df2dfd..895fbd0 100644
--- a/pgvector/sparsevec.py
+++ b/pgvector/sparsevec.py
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def _from_sparse(self, value):
 
         if hasattr(value, 'coords'):
             # scipy 1.13+
-            self._indices = value.coords[0].tolist()
+            self._indices = value.coords[-1].tolist()
         else:
             self._indices = value.col.tolist()
         self._values = value.data.tolist()
diff --git a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
index dff03dd..933cfff 100644
--- a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
+++ b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 from pgvector import SparseVector
 import pytest
-from scipy.sparse import coo_array
+from scipy.sparse import coo_array, csr_array, csr_matrix
 from struct import pack
 
 
@@ -49,6 +49,18 @@ def test_dok_array(self):
         assert vec.to_list() == [1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]
         assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]
 
+    def test_csr_array(self):
+        arr = csr_array(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]))
+        vec = SparseVector(arr)
+        assert vec.to_list() == [1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]
+        assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]
+
+    def test_csr_matrix(self):
+        mat = csr_matrix(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]))
+        vec = SparseVector(mat)
+        assert vec.to_list() == [1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]
+        assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]
+
     def test_repr(self):
         assert repr(SparseVector([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0])) == 'SparseVector({0: 1.0, 2: 2.0, 4: 3.0}, 6)'
         assert str(SparseVector([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0])) == 'SparseVector({0: 1.0, 2: 2.0, 4: 3.0}, 6)'

From 76afd8ec3013ac58bb6cc60a1b5b705f157ea18b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Mon, 21 Apr 2025 03:15:41 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 11/13] Added test for coo_matrix

---
 tests/test_sparse_vector.py | 8 +++++++-
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
index 933cfff..0cf0a72 100644
--- a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
+++ b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 from pgvector import SparseVector
 import pytest
-from scipy.sparse import coo_array, csr_array, csr_matrix
+from scipy.sparse import coo_array, coo_matrix, csr_array, csr_matrix
 from struct import pack
 
 
@@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ def test_coo_array_dimensions(self):
             SparseVector(coo_array(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0])), 6)
         assert str(error.value) == 'extra argument'
 
+    def test_coo_matrix(self):
+        mat = coo_matrix(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]))
+        vec = SparseVector(mat)
+        assert vec.to_list() == [1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]
+        assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]
+
     def test_dok_array(self):
         arr = coo_array(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0])).todok()
         vec = SparseVector(arr)

From 809287f92847e1c609a9c395891da76f674379ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Mon, 21 Apr 2025 03:20:20 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 12/13] Fixed CI

---
 tests/test_sparse_vector.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
index 0cf0a72..d580f32 100644
--- a/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
+++ b/tests/test_sparse_vector.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def test_dok_array(self):
         assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]
 
     def test_csr_array(self):
-        arr = csr_array(np.array([1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]))
+        arr = csr_array(np.array([[1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]]))
         vec = SparseVector(arr)
         assert vec.to_list() == [1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0]
         assert vec.indices() == [0, 2, 4]

From f9d2073df5cce39f0691ead6f9e030516baac7f8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andrew Kane <andrew@ankane.org>
Date: Sat, 26 Apr 2025 11:56:00 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 13/13] Version bump to 0.4.1 [skip ci]

---
 CHANGELOG.md   | 2 +-
 pyproject.toml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 1bbd73c..0ed80e3 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-## 0.4.1 (unreleased)
+## 0.4.1 (2025-04-26)
 
 - Fixed `SparseVector` constructor for SciPy sparse matrices
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index b889f4b..9395f9e 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
 [project]
 name = "pgvector"
-version = "0.4.0"
+version = "0.4.1"
 description = "pgvector support for Python"
 readme = "README.md"
 authors = [