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Merge pull request #37 from plotly/errorbar
error bars notebook
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‎notebooks/error-bars.md

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format_version: '1.1'
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jupytext_version: 1.1.1
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kernelspec:
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display_name: Python 2
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display_name: Python 3
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language: python
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name: python2
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name: python3
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language_info:
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codemirror_mode:
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name: ipython
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version: 3
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file_extension: .py
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mimetype: text/x-python
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name: python
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nbconvert_exporter: python
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pygments_lexer: ipython3
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version: 3.6.7
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plotly:
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description: How to add error-bars to charts in Python with Plotly.
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display_as: statistical
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permalink: python/error-bars/
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thumbnail: thumbnail/error-bar.jpg
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title: Error Bars | plotly
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v4upgrade: true
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---
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#### New to Plotly?
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Plotly's Python library is free and open source! [Get started](https://plot.ly/python/getting-started/) by downloading the client and [reading the primer](https://plot.ly/python/getting-started/).
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<br>You can set up Plotly to work in [online](https://plot.ly/python/getting-started/#initialization-for-online-plotting) or [offline](https://plot.ly/python/getting-started/#initialization-for-offline-plotting) mode, or in [jupyter notebooks](https://plot.ly/python/getting-started/#start-plotting-online).
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<br>We also have a quick-reference [cheatsheet](https://images.plot.ly/plotly-documentation/images/python_cheat_sheet.pdf) (new!) to help you get started!
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### Error Bars with plotly express
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Plotly express functions take as argument a tidy [pandas DataFrame](https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/getting_started/10min.html). For functions representing 2D data points such as [`px.scatter`](https://plot.ly/python/line-and-scatter/), [`px.line`](https://plot.ly/python/line-charts/), [`px.bar`](https://plot.ly/python/bar-charts/) etc., error bars are given as a column name which is the value of the `error_x` (for the error on x position) and `error_y` (for the error on y position).
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```python
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import plotly.express as px
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iris = px.data.iris()
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iris["e"] = iris["sepal_width"]/100
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fig = px.scatter(iris, x="sepal_width", y="sepal_length", color="species",
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error_x="e", error_y="e")
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Asymmetric Error Bars with plotly express
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```python
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import plotly.express as px
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iris = px.data.iris()
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iris["e_plus"] = iris["sepal_width"]/100
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iris["e_minus"] = iris["sepal_width"]/40
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fig = px.scatter(iris, x="sepal_width", y="sepal_length", color="species",
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error_y="e_plus", error_y_minus="e_minus")
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fig.show()
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```
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### Error Bars with graph_objects
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#### Basic Symmetric Error Bars
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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data = [
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go.Scatter(
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fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(
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x=[0, 1, 2],
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y=[6, 10, 2],
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error_y=dict(
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type='data',
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type='data', # value of error bar given in data coordinates
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array=[1, 2, 3],
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visible=True
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)
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)
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]
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py.iplot(data, filename='basic-error-bar')
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visible=True)
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Asymmetric Error Bars
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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data = [
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go.Scatter(
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fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(
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x=[1, 2, 3, 4],
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y=[2, 1, 3, 4],
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error_y=dict(
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type='data',
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symmetric=False,
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array=[0.1, 0.2, 0.1, 0.1],
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arrayminus=[0.2, 0.4, 1, 0.2]
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)
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)
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]
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py.iplot(data, filename='error-bar-asymmetric-array')
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arrayminus=[0.2, 0.4, 1, 0.2])
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Error Bars as a Percentage of the y Value
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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data = [
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go.Scatter(
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fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(
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x=[0, 1, 2],
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y=[6, 10, 2],
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error_y=dict(
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type='percent',
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type='percent', # value of error bar given as percentage of y value
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value=50,
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visible=True
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)
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)
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]
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py.iplot(data, filename='percent-error-bar')
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visible=True)
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Asymmetric Error Bars with a Constant Offset
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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data = [
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go.Scatter(
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fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(
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x=[1, 2, 3, 4],
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y=[2, 1, 3, 4],
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error_y=dict(
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type='percent',
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symmetric=False,
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value=15,
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valueminus=25
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)
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)
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]
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py.iplot(data, filename='error-bar-asymmetric-constant')
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valueminus=25)
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Horizontal Error Bars
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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data = [
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go.Scatter(
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fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(
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x=[1, 2, 3, 4],
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y=[2, 1, 3, 4],
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error_x=dict(
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type='percent',
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value=10
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)
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)
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]
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py.iplot(data, filename='error-bar-horizontal')
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value=10)
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Bar Chart with Error Bars
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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trace1 = go.Bar(
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fig = go.Figure()
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fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
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x=['Trial 1', 'Trial 2', 'Trial 3'],
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y=[3, 6, 4],
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name='Control',
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error_y=dict(
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type='data',
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array=[1, 0.5, 1.5],
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visible=True
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)
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)
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trace2 = go.Bar(
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visible=True,
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color='white')
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))
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fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
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x=['Trial 1', 'Trial 2', 'Trial 3'],
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y=[4, 7, 3],
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name='Experimental',
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error_y=dict(
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type='data',
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array=[0.5, 1, 2],
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visible=True
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visible=True,
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color='white'
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)
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)
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data = [trace1, trace2]
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layout = go.Layout(
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barmode='group'
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)
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fig = go.Figure(data=data, layout=layout)
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py.iplot(fig, filename='error-bar-bar')
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))
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fig.update_layout(barmode='group')
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Colored and Styled Error Bars
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```python
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import plotly.plotly as py
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import plotly.graph_objs as go
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import plotly.graph_objects as go
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import numpy as np
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x_theo = np.linspace(-4, 4, 100)
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sincx = np.sinc(x_theo)
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x = [-3.8, -3.03, -1.91, -1.46, -0.89, -0.24, -0.0, 0.41, 0.89, 1.01, 1.91, 2.28, 2.79, 3.56]
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y = [-0.02, 0.04, -0.01, -0.27, 0.36, 0.75, 1.03, 0.65, 0.28, 0.02, -0.11, 0.16, 0.04, -0.15]
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trace1 = go.Scatter(
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x=x_theo,
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y=sincx,
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fig = go.Figure()
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fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
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x=x_theo, y=sincx,
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name='sinc(x)'
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)
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trace2 = go.Scatter(
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x=x,
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y=y,
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))
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fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
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x=x, y=y,
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mode='markers',
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name='measured',
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error_y=dict(
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type='constant',
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value=0.1,
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color='#85144B',
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color='purple',
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thickness=1.5,
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width=3,
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),
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error_x=dict(
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type='constant',
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value=0.2,
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color='#85144B',
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color='purple',
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thickness=1.5,
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width=3,
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),
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marker=dict(
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color='#85144B',
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size=8
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)
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)
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data = [trace1, trace2]
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py.iplot(data, filename='error-bar-style')
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marker=dict(color='purple', size=8)
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))
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fig.show()
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```
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#### Reference
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See https://plot.ly/python/reference/#scatter for more information and chart attribute options!
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```python
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from IPython.display import display, HTML
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display(HTML('<link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:600,400,300,200|Inconsolata|Ubuntu+Mono:400,700" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />'))
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display(HTML('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://help.plot.ly/documentation/all_static/css/ipython-notebook-custom.css">'))
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! pip install git+https://github.com/plotly/publisher.git --upgrade
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import publisher
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publisher.publish(
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'error-bars.ipynb', 'python/error-bars/', 'Error Bars | plotly',
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'How to add error-bars to charts in Python with Plotly.',
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title = 'Error Bars | plotly',
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name = 'Error Bars',
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thumbnail='thumbnail/error-bar.jpg', language='python',
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page_type='example_index', has_thumbnail='true', display_as='statistical', order=1,
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ipynb='~notebook_demo/18')
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```
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```python
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```

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