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Don't ignore locktable-full failures in StandbyAcquireAccessExclusiveLock.
Commit 37c5486 removed the code in StandbyAcquireAccessExclusiveLock that checked the return value of LockAcquireExtended. That created a bug, because it's still passing reportMemoryError = false to LockAcquireExtended, meaning that LOCKACQUIRE_NOT_AVAIL will be returned if we're out of shared memory for the lock table. In such a situation, the startup process would believe it had acquired an exclusive lock even though it hadn't, with potentially dire consequences. To fix, just drop the use of reportMemoryError = false, which allows us to simplify the call into a plain LockAcquire(). It's unclear that the locktable-full situation arises often enough that it's worth having a better recovery method than crash-and-restart. (I strongly suspect that the only reason the code path existed at all was that it was relatively simple to do in the pre-37c54863c implementation. But now it's not.) LockAcquireExtended's reportMemoryError parameter is now dead code and could be removed. I refrained from doing so, however, because there was some interest in resurrecting the behavior if we do get reports of locktable-full failures in the field. Also, it seems unwise to remove the parameter concurrently with shipping commit f868a81, which added a parameter; if there are any third-party callers of LockAcquireExtended, we want them to get a wrong-number-of-parameters compile error rather than a possibly-silent misinterpretation of its last parameter. Back-patch to 9.6 where the bug was introduced. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/6202.1536359835@sss.pgh.pa.us
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src/backend/storage/ipc/standby.c

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@@ -661,8 +661,7 @@ StandbyAcquireAccessExclusiveLock(TransactionId xid, Oid dbOid, Oid relOid)
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SET_LOCKTAG_RELATION(locktag, newlock->dbOid, newlock->relOid);
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(void) LockAcquireExtended(&locktag, AccessExclusiveLock, true, false,
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false, NULL);
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(void) LockAcquire(&locktag, AccessExclusiveLock, true, false);
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}
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static void

src/backend/storage/lmgr/lock.c

Lines changed: 7 additions & 5 deletions
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@@ -693,11 +693,13 @@ LockAcquire(const LOCKTAG *locktag,
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/*
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* LockAcquireExtended - allows us to specify additional options
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*
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* reportMemoryError specifies whether a lock request that fills the
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* lock table should generate an ERROR or not. This allows a priority
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* caller to note that the lock table is full and then begin taking
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* extreme action to reduce the number of other lock holders before
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* retrying the action.
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* reportMemoryError specifies whether a lock request that fills the lock
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* table should generate an ERROR or not. Passing "false" allows the caller
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* to attempt to recover from lock-table-full situations, perhaps by forcibly
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* cancelling other lock holders and then retrying. Note, however, that the
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* return code for that is LOCKACQUIRE_NOT_AVAIL, so that it's unsafe to use
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* in combination with dontWait = true, as the cause of failure couldn't be
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* distinguished.
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*
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* If locallockp isn't NULL, *locallockp receives a pointer to the LOCALLOCK
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* table entry if a lock is successfully acquired, or NULL if not.

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