<arg rep="repeat" choice="opt"><option>timestamp-option</option></arg>

<command>pg_xlogdump</command> displays the write-ahead log (WAL) and prints timestamps for WAL records.

This utility is mainly useful for debugging or educational purposes.

Start reading at the specified log segment file. This implicitly determines

Specify a directory to search for log segment files or a

contains such files. The default is to search in the current

Only display records generated by the specified <literal>rmgr</literal> resource manager.

If you pass <literal>list</> as an argument, <application>pg_xlogdump</application> prints a list of valid resource manager

names and exits.

<para>

The following command-line options enable printing timestamps for various types of WAL records. You can use these options together with

<replaceable class="parameter">startseg</replaceable>, <replaceable class="parameter">endseg</replaceable>, <option>-s</option>, and <option>-e</option> options.

<variablelist>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>-E</option></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Print the timestamp of the last WAL record of the specified type found in the log segment file. When using this option, you must also specify the <option>-S</option> option.</para>

<para>By default, <application>pg_xlogdump</application> prints timestamps only for COMMIT records. You can specify other record types using the <option>-F</option> option.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>-F</option> [<replaceable>argument1</replaceable>,<replaceable>argument2</replaceable>,...]</term>

<listitem>

<para>

Specify WAL record types for which to print timestamps. When using this option, you must also specify the <option>-S</option> option.</para>

<para>The <option>-F</option> option can take the following arguments, in the comma-separated format:</para>

<itemizedlist>

<listitem>

<para><option>XLOG_RESTORE_POINT</option> &mdash; named restore points created with the <link linkend="functions-admin-backup">pg_create_restore_point()</link> function.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><option>XLOG_XACT_COMMIT</option> &mdash; commit records for transactions. These records are caused by the <xref linkend="sql-commit"> command.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><option>XLOG_XACT_COMMIT_PREPARED</option> &mdash; commit records for transactions that were earlier prepared for a two-phase commit. These records are caused by the <xref linkend="sql-commit-prepared"> command.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><option>XLOG_XACT_ABORT</option> &mdash; abort records for transactions. These records are caused by the <xref linkend="sql-rollback"> command.</para>

</listitem>

<listitem>

<para><option>XLOG_XACT_ABORT_PREPARED</option> &mdash; abort records for transactions that were earlier prepared for a two-phase commit. These records are caused by the <xref linkend="sql-rollback-prepared"> command.</para>

</listitem>

</itemizedlist>

<para>By default, <application>pg_xlogdump</application> prints timestamps only for COMMIT records.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

<varlistentry>

<term><option>-S</option></term>

<listitem>

<para>

Print the timestamp of the first WAL record of the specified type found in the log segment file. This option is required if you are going to use <option>-E</option> or <option>-F</option> options.</para>

<para>By default, <application>pg_xlogdump</application> prints timestamps only for COMMIT records. You can specify other record types using the <option>-F</option> option.

</para>

</listitem>

</varlistentry>

</variablelist>

</para>

<application>pg_xlogdump</> can give wrong results when the server is running.

<literal>.partial</>. If such files need to be read, <literal>.partial</>

remove the suffix from the filename.