I'm not sure this is a CPython issue. Based on this issue, this issue, and this issue from Pyenv, it looks like you're attempt to build CPython for ARM64 from an x86 Homebrew installation.

As @ZeroIntensity writes this is due to having some libraries on the system that don't support the arm64 architecture, with as the most likely explanation that you have a homebrew installation for x86_64.

One way to verify: configure python with configure --enable-universalsdk --with-universal-archs=intel-64.

Okay, so it seems to have worked correctly this time until the very end, during sudo make install:

ginstall: cannot stat 'Modules/_blake2.cpython-313-darwin.so': No such file or directory

Edit:
Nevermind, most of it works anyway. I think blake2 is a module or something. It also failed to import during the initial ./configure. May want to take a look at it anyway, but the majority of the interpreter works.

What worked for me (trying to build arm64 version of Python using pyenv) was to install gettext with brew install gettext

Also, if you have multiple Homebrew versions installed, you may want to use something like this in your shell profile:

if [[ $(arch) != arm64* ]]
then
    # x86_64 Homebrew
    eval "$(/usr/local/bin/brew shellenv)"
    export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv-x86"
else
    # arm64 Homebrew
    eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
    export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"
    export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/lib"
    export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/include"
fi

# PyENV config
[[ -d $PYENV_ROOT/bin ]] && export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init - zsh)"

For the record, having GNU gettext, which is GPLv3-licensed, is not required to build and run Python other than for some specific uses like for the gettext internationalization module. The build system looks for a libintl.h to determine whether to attempt to build with gettext. Apple does not supply gettext with macOS.