diff --git a/kasa/aestransport.py b/kasa/aestransport.py
index 9db0db4f3..e79d0651d 100644
--- a/kasa/aestransport.py
+++ b/kasa/aestransport.py
@@ -125,19 +125,19 @@ async def client_post(self, url, params=None, data=None, json=None, headers=None
         return resp.status_code, response_data
 
     def _handle_response_error_code(self, resp_dict: dict, msg: str):
-        if (
-            error_code := SmartErrorCode(resp_dict.get("error_code"))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-        ) != SmartErrorCode.SUCCESS:
-            msg = f"{msg}: {self._host}: {error_code.name}({error_code.value})"
-            if error_code in SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS:
-                raise TimeoutException(msg)
-            if error_code in SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS:
-                raise RetryableException(msg)
-            if error_code in SMART_AUTHENTICATION_ERRORS:
-                self._handshake_done = False
-                self._login_token = None
-                raise AuthenticationException(msg)
-            raise SmartDeviceException(msg)
+        error_code = SmartErrorCode(resp_dict.get("error_code"))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        if error_code == SmartErrorCode.SUCCESS:
+            return
+        msg = f"{msg}: {self._host}: {error_code.name}({error_code.value})"
+        if error_code in SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS:
+            raise TimeoutException(msg)
+        if error_code in SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS:
+            raise RetryableException(msg)
+        if error_code in SMART_AUTHENTICATION_ERRORS:
+            self._handshake_done = False
+            self._login_token = None
+            raise AuthenticationException(msg)
+        raise SmartDeviceException(msg)
 
     async def send_secure_passthrough(self, request: str):
         """Send encrypted message as passthrough."""
diff --git a/kasa/iotprotocol.py b/kasa/iotprotocol.py
index d942d0609..fbb37b15a 100755
--- a/kasa/iotprotocol.py
+++ b/kasa/iotprotocol.py
@@ -62,6 +62,13 @@ async def _query(self, request: str, retry_count: int = 3) -> Dict:
                     "Unable to authenticate with %s, not retrying", self._host
                 )
                 raise auex
+            except SmartDeviceException as ex:
+                _LOGGER.debug(
+                    "Unable to connect to the device: %s, not retrying: %s",
+                    self._host,
+                    ex,
+                )
+                raise ex
             except Exception as ex:
                 await self.close()
                 if retry >= retry_count:
diff --git a/kasa/smartprotocol.py b/kasa/smartprotocol.py
index a344cf66c..a9266174a 100644
--- a/kasa/smartprotocol.py
+++ b/kasa/smartprotocol.py
@@ -62,26 +62,7 @@ def get_smart_request(self, method, params=None) -> str:
     async def query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int = 3) -> Dict:
         """Query the device retrying for retry_count on failure."""
         async with self._query_lock:
-            resp_dict = await self._query(request, retry_count)
-
-            if (
-                error_code := SmartErrorCode(resp_dict.get("error_code"))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-            ) != SmartErrorCode.SUCCESS:
-                msg = (
-                    f"Error querying device: {self._host}: "
-                    + f"{error_code.name}({error_code.value})"
-                )
-                if error_code in SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS:
-                    raise TimeoutException(msg)
-                if error_code in SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS:
-                    raise RetryableException(msg)
-                if error_code in SMART_AUTHENTICATION_ERRORS:
-                    raise AuthenticationException(msg)
-                raise SmartDeviceException(msg)
-
-            if "result" in resp_dict:
-                return resp_dict["result"]
-            return {}
+            return await self._query(request, retry_count)
 
     async def _query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int = 3) -> Dict:
         for retry in range(retry_count + 1):
@@ -128,6 +109,11 @@ async def _query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int = 3) -> Dict:
                     raise ex
                 await asyncio.sleep(self.SLEEP_SECONDS_AFTER_TIMEOUT)
                 continue
+            except SmartDeviceException as ex:
+                # Transport would have raised RetryableException if retry makes sense.
+                await self.close()
+                _LOGGER.debug("Giving up on %s after %s retries", self._host, retry)
+                raise ex
             except Exception as ex:
                 if retry >= retry_count:
                     await self.close()
@@ -145,8 +131,15 @@ async def _query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int = 3) -> Dict:
 
     async def _execute_query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int) -> Dict:
         if isinstance(request, dict):
-            smart_method = next(iter(request))
-            smart_params = request[smart_method]
+            if len(request) == 1:
+                smart_method = next(iter(request))
+                smart_params = request[smart_method]
+            else:
+                requests = []
+                for method, params in request.items():
+                    requests.append({"method": method, "params": params})
+                smart_method = "multipleRequest"
+                smart_params = {"requests": requests}
         else:
             smart_method = request
             smart_params = None
@@ -165,7 +158,40 @@ async def _execute_query(self, request: Union[str, Dict], retry_count: int) -> D
             _LOGGER.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG) and pf(response_data),
         )
 
-        return response_data
+        self._handle_response_error_code(response_data)
+
+        if (result := response_data.get("result")) is None:
+            # Single set_ requests do not return a result
+            return {smart_method: None}
+
+        if (responses := result.get("responses")) is None:
+            return {smart_method: result}
+
+        # responses is returned for multipleRequest
+        multi_result = {}
+        for response in responses:
+            self._handle_response_error_code(response)
+            result = response.get("result", None)
+            multi_result[response["method"]] = result
+        return multi_result
+
+    def _handle_response_error_code(self, resp_dict: dict):
+        error_code = SmartErrorCode(resp_dict.get("error_code"))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        if error_code == SmartErrorCode.SUCCESS:
+            return
+        msg = (
+            f"Error querying device: {self._host}: "
+            + f"{error_code.name}({error_code.value})"
+        )
+        if method := resp_dict.get("method"):
+            msg += f" for method: {method}"
+        if error_code in SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS:
+            raise TimeoutException(msg)
+        if error_code in SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS:
+            raise RetryableException(msg)
+        if error_code in SMART_AUTHENTICATION_ERRORS:
+            raise AuthenticationException(msg)
+        raise SmartDeviceException(msg)
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
         """Close the protocol."""
diff --git a/kasa/tapo/tapodevice.py b/kasa/tapo/tapodevice.py
index e5d9effe0..97405b3f1 100644
--- a/kasa/tapo/tapodevice.py
+++ b/kasa/tapo/tapodevice.py
@@ -41,11 +41,18 @@ async def update(self, update_children: bool = True):
             raise AuthenticationException("Tapo plug requires authentication.")
 
         if self._components is None:
-            self._components = await self.protocol.query("component_nego")
+            resp = await self.protocol.query("component_nego")
+            self._components = resp["component_nego"]
 
-        self._info = await self.protocol.query("get_device_info")
-        self._usage = await self.protocol.query("get_device_usage")
-        self._time = await self.protocol.query("get_device_time")
+        req = {
+            "get_device_info": None,
+            "get_device_usage": None,
+            "get_device_time": None,
+        }
+        resp = await self.protocol.query(req)
+        self._info = resp["get_device_info"]
+        self._usage = resp["get_device_usage"]
+        self._time = resp["get_device_time"]
 
         self._last_update = self._data = {
             "components": self._components,
diff --git a/kasa/tapo/tapoplug.py b/kasa/tapo/tapoplug.py
index 84d00bc8c..9d868253e 100644
--- a/kasa/tapo/tapoplug.py
+++ b/kasa/tapo/tapoplug.py
@@ -39,8 +39,13 @@ async def update(self, update_children: bool = True):
         """Call the device endpoint and update the device data."""
         await super().update(update_children)
 
-        self._energy = await self.protocol.query("get_energy_usage")
-        self._emeter = await self.protocol.query("get_current_power")
+        req = {
+            "get_energy_usage": None,
+            "get_current_power": None,
+        }
+        resp = await self.protocol.query(req)
+        self._energy = resp["get_energy_usage"]
+        self._emeter = resp["get_current_power"]
 
         self._data["energy"] = self._energy
         self._data["emeter"] = self._emeter
@@ -71,6 +76,13 @@ def emeter_realtime(self) -> EmeterStatus:
             }
         )
 
+    async def get_emeter_realtime(self) -> EmeterStatus:
+        """Retrieve current energy readings."""
+        self._verify_emeter()
+        resp = await self.protocol.query("get_energy_usage")
+        self._energy = resp["get_energy_usage"]
+        return self.emeter_realtime
+
     @property
     def emeter_today(self) -> Optional[float]:
         """Get the emeter value for today."""
diff --git a/kasa/tests/conftest.py b/kasa/tests/conftest.py
index 095971de8..43bba825b 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/conftest.py
@@ -196,9 +196,13 @@ def parametrize(desc, devices, protocol_filter=None, ids=None):
     )
 
 
-has_emeter = parametrize("has emeter", WITH_EMETER_IOT, protocol_filter={"IOT"})
+has_emeter = parametrize("has emeter", WITH_EMETER, protocol_filter={"SMART", "IOT"})
 no_emeter = parametrize(
-    "no emeter", ALL_DEVICES_IOT - WITH_EMETER_IOT, protocol_filter={"SMART", "IOT"}
+    "no emeter", ALL_DEVICES - WITH_EMETER, protocol_filter={"SMART", "IOT"}
+)
+has_emeter_iot = parametrize("has emeter iot", WITH_EMETER_IOT, protocol_filter={"IOT"})
+no_emeter_iot = parametrize(
+    "no emeter iot", ALL_DEVICES_IOT - WITH_EMETER_IOT, protocol_filter={"IOT"}
 )
 
 bulb = parametrize("bulbs", BULBS, protocol_filter={"SMART", "IOT"})
diff --git a/kasa/tests/newfakes.py b/kasa/tests/newfakes.py
index c01c8ee3e..cd7ad4fd9 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/newfakes.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/newfakes.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import copy
 import logging
 import re
+import warnings
 from json import loads as json_loads
 
 from voluptuous import (
@@ -294,9 +295,7 @@ def __init__(self, info):
     async def query(self, request, retry_count: int = 3):
         """Implement query here so can still patch SmartProtocol.query."""
         resp_dict = await self._query(request, retry_count)
-        if "result" in resp_dict:
-            return resp_dict["result"]
-        return {}
+        return resp_dict
 
 
 class FakeSmartTransport(BaseTransport):
@@ -306,26 +305,34 @@ def __init__(self, info):
         )
         self.info = info
 
-    @property
-    def needs_handshake(self) -> bool:
-        return False
-
-    @property
-    def needs_login(self) -> bool:
-        return False
-
-    async def login(self, request: str) -> None:
-        pass
-
-    async def handshake(self) -> None:
-        pass
-
     async def send(self, request: str):
         request_dict = json_loads(request)
+        method = request_dict["method"]
+        params = request_dict["params"]
+        if method == "multipleRequest":
+            responses = []
+            for request in params["requests"]:
+                response = self._send_request(request)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                response["method"] = request["method"]  # type: ignore[index]
+                responses.append(response)
+            return {"result": {"responses": responses}, "error_code": 0}
+        else:
+            return self._send_request(request_dict)
+
+    def _send_request(self, request_dict: dict):
         method = request_dict["method"]
         params = request_dict["params"]
         if method == "component_nego" or method[:4] == "get_":
-            return {"result": self.info[method], "error_code": 0}
+            if method in self.info:
+                return {"result": self.info[method], "error_code": 0}
+            else:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    UserWarning(
+                        f"Fixture missing expected method {method}, try to regenerate"
+                    ),
+                    stacklevel=1,
+                )
+                return {"result": {}, "error_code": 0}
         elif method[:4] == "set_":
             target_method = f"get_{method[4:]}"
             self.info[target_method].update(params)
diff --git a/kasa/tests/test_aestransport.py b/kasa/tests/test_aestransport.py
index b018b4975..198e8f39e 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/test_aestransport.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/test_aestransport.py
@@ -12,7 +12,12 @@
 
 from ..aestransport import AesEncyptionSession, AesTransport
 from ..credentials import Credentials
-from ..exceptions import SmartDeviceException
+from ..exceptions import (
+    SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS,
+    SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS,
+    SmartDeviceException,
+    SmartErrorCode,
+)
 
 DUMMY_QUERY = {"foobar": {"foo": "bar", "bar": "foo"}}
 
@@ -105,6 +110,32 @@ async def test_send(mocker, status_code, error_code, inner_error_code, expectati
         assert "result" in res
 
 
+ERRORS = [e for e in SmartErrorCode if e != 0]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("error_code", ERRORS, ids=lambda e: e.name)
+async def test_passthrough_errors(mocker, error_code):
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    mock_aes_device = MockAesDevice(host, 200, error_code, 0)
+    mocker.patch.object(httpx.AsyncClient, "post", side_effect=mock_aes_device.post)
+
+    transport = AesTransport(host=host, credentials=Credentials("foo", "bar"))
+    transport._handshake_done = True
+    transport._session_expire_at = time.time() + 86400
+    transport._encryption_session = mock_aes_device.encryption_session
+    transport._login_token = mock_aes_device.token
+
+    request = {
+        "method": "get_device_info",
+        "params": None,
+        "request_time_milis": round(time.time() * 1000),
+        "requestID": 1,
+        "terminal_uuid": "foobar",
+    }
+    with pytest.raises(SmartDeviceException):
+        await transport.send(json_dumps(request))
+
+
 class MockAesDevice:
     class _mock_response:
         def __init__(self, status_code, json: dict):
diff --git a/kasa/tests/test_emeter.py b/kasa/tests/test_emeter.py
index 75375230a..9bc70bbaf 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/test_emeter.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/test_emeter.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from kasa import EmeterStatus, SmartDeviceException
 
-from .conftest import has_emeter, no_emeter
+from .conftest import has_emeter, has_emeter_iot, no_emeter
 from .newfakes import CURRENT_CONSUMPTION_SCHEMA
 
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ async def test_no_emeter(dev):
         await dev.erase_emeter_stats()
 
 
-@has_emeter
+@has_emeter_iot
 async def test_get_emeter_realtime(dev):
     assert dev.has_emeter
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ async def test_get_emeter_realtime(dev):
     CURRENT_CONSUMPTION_SCHEMA(current_emeter)
 
 
-@has_emeter
+@has_emeter_iot
 @pytest.mark.requires_dummy
 async def test_get_emeter_daily(dev):
     assert dev.has_emeter
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async def test_get_emeter_daily(dev):
     assert v * 1000 == v2
 
 
-@has_emeter
+@has_emeter_iot
 @pytest.mark.requires_dummy
 async def test_get_emeter_monthly(dev):
     assert dev.has_emeter
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ async def test_get_emeter_monthly(dev):
     assert v * 1000 == v2
 
 
-@has_emeter
+@has_emeter_iot
 async def test_emeter_status(dev):
     assert dev.has_emeter
 
diff --git a/kasa/tests/test_klapprotocol.py b/kasa/tests/test_klapprotocol.py
index d29f4e302..1ed57ef22 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/test_klapprotocol.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/test_klapprotocol.py
@@ -26,20 +26,29 @@ def __init__(self, status_code, content: bytes):
         self.content = content
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "error, retry_expectation",
+    [
+        (Exception("dummy exception"), True),
+        (SmartDeviceException("dummy exception"), False),
+    ],
+    ids=("Exception", "SmartDeviceException"),
+)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("transport_class", [AesTransport, KlapTransport])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("protocol_class", [IotProtocol, SmartProtocol])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("retry_count", [1, 3, 5])
-async def test_protocol_retries(mocker, retry_count, protocol_class, transport_class):
+async def test_protocol_retries(
+    mocker, retry_count, protocol_class, transport_class, error, retry_expectation
+):
     host = "127.0.0.1"
-    conn = mocker.patch.object(
-        httpx.AsyncClient, "post", side_effect=Exception("dummy exception")
-    )
+    conn = mocker.patch.object(httpx.AsyncClient, "post", side_effect=error)
     with pytest.raises(SmartDeviceException):
         await protocol_class(host, transport=transport_class(host)).query(
             DUMMY_QUERY, retry_count=retry_count
         )
 
-    assert conn.call_count == retry_count + 1
+    expected_count = retry_count + 1 if retry_expectation else 1
+    assert conn.call_count == expected_count
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("transport_class", [AesTransport, KlapTransport])
@@ -109,7 +118,7 @@ def _fail_one_less_than_retry_count(*_, **__):
     response = await protocol_class(host, transport=transport_class(host)).query(
         DUMMY_QUERY, retry_count=retry_count
     )
-    assert "result" in response or "great" in response
+    assert "result" in response or "foobar" in response
     assert send_mock.call_count == retry_count
 
 
diff --git a/kasa/tests/test_smartdevice.py b/kasa/tests/test_smartdevice.py
index 90eae16f2..47f523d00 100644
--- a/kasa/tests/test_smartdevice.py
+++ b/kasa/tests/test_smartdevice.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 from kasa import Credentials, SmartDevice, SmartDeviceException
 from kasa.smartdevice import DeviceType
 
-from .conftest import device_iot, handle_turn_on, has_emeter, no_emeter, turn_on
+from .conftest import device_iot, handle_turn_on, has_emeter, no_emeter_iot, turn_on
 from .newfakes import PLUG_SCHEMA, TZ_SCHEMA, FakeTransportProtocol
 
 # List of all SmartXXX classes including the SmartDevice base class
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ async def test_initial_update_emeter(dev, mocker):
     assert spy.call_count == expected_queries + len(dev.children)
 
 
-@no_emeter
+@no_emeter_iot
 async def test_initial_update_no_emeter(dev, mocker):
     """Test that the initial update performs second query if emeter is available."""
     dev._last_update = None
diff --git a/kasa/tests/test_smartprotocol.py b/kasa/tests/test_smartprotocol.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5dbbed279
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kasa/tests/test_smartprotocol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import errno
+import json
+import logging
+import secrets
+import struct
+import sys
+import time
+from contextlib import nullcontext as does_not_raise
+from itertools import chain
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+
+from ..aestransport import AesTransport
+from ..credentials import Credentials
+from ..exceptions import (
+    SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS,
+    SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS,
+    SmartDeviceException,
+    SmartErrorCode,
+)
+from ..iotprotocol import IotProtocol
+from ..klaptransport import KlapEncryptionSession, KlapTransport, _sha256
+from ..smartprotocol import SmartProtocol
+
+DUMMY_QUERY = {"foobar": {"foo": "bar", "bar": "foo"}}
+ERRORS = [e for e in SmartErrorCode if e != 0]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("error_code", ERRORS, ids=lambda e: e.name)
+async def test_smart_device_errors(mocker, error_code):
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    mock_response = {"result": {"great": "success"}, "error_code": error_code.value}
+
+    mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "perform_handshake")
+    mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "perform_login")
+
+    send_mock = mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "send", return_value=mock_response)
+
+    protocol = SmartProtocol(host, transport=AesTransport(host))
+    with pytest.raises(SmartDeviceException):
+        await protocol.query(DUMMY_QUERY, retry_count=2)
+
+    if error_code in chain(SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS, SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS):
+        expected_calls = 3
+    else:
+        expected_calls = 1
+    assert send_mock.call_count == expected_calls
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("error_code", ERRORS, ids=lambda e: e.name)
+async def test_smart_device_errors_in_multiple_request(mocker, error_code):
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    mock_response = {
+        "result": {
+            "responses": [
+                {"method": "foobar1", "result": {"great": "success"}, "error_code": 0},
+                {
+                    "method": "foobar2",
+                    "result": {"great": "success"},
+                    "error_code": error_code.value,
+                },
+                {"method": "foobar3", "result": {"great": "success"}, "error_code": 0},
+            ]
+        },
+        "error_code": 0,
+    }
+
+    mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "perform_handshake")
+    mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "perform_login")
+
+    send_mock = mocker.patch.object(AesTransport, "send", return_value=mock_response)
+
+    protocol = SmartProtocol(host, transport=AesTransport(host))
+    with pytest.raises(SmartDeviceException):
+        await protocol.query(DUMMY_QUERY, retry_count=2)
+    if error_code in chain(SMART_TIMEOUT_ERRORS, SMART_RETRYABLE_ERRORS):
+        expected_calls = 3
+    else:
+        expected_calls = 1
+    assert send_mock.call_count == expected_calls