|
5 | 5 | ---------- |
6 | 6 | 问题 |
7 | 7 | ---------- |
8 | | -You want to install a third-party package, but you don’t have permission to install packages |
9 | | -into the system Python. Alternatively, perhaps you just want to install a package |
10 | | -for your own use, not all users on the system. |
| 8 | +你想要安装一个第三方包，但是没有权限将它安装到系统Python库中去。 |
| 9 | +或者，你可能想要安装一个供自己使用的包，而不是系统上面所有用户。 |
11 | 10 |
|
12 | 11 | ---------- |
13 | 12 | 解决方案 |
14 | 13 | ---------- |
15 | | -Python has a per-user installation directory that’s typically located in a directory such |
16 | | -as ~/.local/lib/python3.3/site-packages. To force packages to install in this directory, give |
17 | | -the --user option to the installation command. For example: |
| 14 | +Python有一个用户安装目录，通常类似"~/.local/lib/python3.3/site-packages"。 |
| 15 | +要强制在这个目录中安装包，可使用安装选项“--user”。例如： |
18 | 16 |
|
19 | 17 | .. code-block:: python |
20 | 18 |
|
21 | 19 | python3 setup.py install --user |
22 | 20 |
|
23 | | -or |
| 21 | +或者 |
24 | 22 |
|
25 | 23 | .. code-block:: python |
26 | 24 |
|
27 | 25 | pip install --user packagename |
28 | 26 |
|
29 | | -The user site-packages directory normally appears before the system site-packages directory |
30 | | -on sys.path. Thus, packages you install using this technique take priority over |
31 | | -the packages already installed on the system (although this is not always the case depending |
32 | | -on the behavior of third-party package managers, such as distribute or pip). |
| 27 | +在sys.path中用户的“site-packages”目录位于系统的“site-packages”目录之前。 |
| 28 | +因此，你安装在里面的包就比系统已安装的包优先级高 |
| 29 | +（尽管并不总是这样，要取决于第三方包管理器，比如distribute或pip）。 |
| 30 | + |
33 | 31 |
|
34 | 32 | ---------- |
35 | 33 | 讨论 |
36 | 34 | ---------- |
37 | | -Normally, packages get installed into the system-wide site-packages directory, which is |
38 | | -found in a location such as /usr/local/lib/python3.3/site-packages. However, doing so |
39 | | -typically requires administrator permissions and use of the sudo command. Even if you |
40 | | -have permission to execute such a command, using sudo to install a new, possibly unproven, |
41 | | -package might give you some pause. |
42 | | - |
43 | | - |
44 | | -Installing packages into the per-user directory is often an effective workaround that |
45 | | -allows you to create a custom installation. |
46 | | - |
| 35 | +通常包会被安装到系统的site-packages目录中去，路径类似“/usr/local/lib/python3.3/site-packages”。 |
| 36 | +不过，这样做需要有管理员权限并且使用sudo命令。 |
| 37 | +就算你有这样的权限去执行命令，使用sudo去安装一个新的，可能没有被验证过的包有时候也不安全。 |
47 | 38 |
|
48 | | -As an alternative, you can also create a virtual environment, which is discussed in the |
49 | | -next recipe. |
| 39 | +安装包到用户目录中通常是一个有效的方案，它允许你创建一个自定义安装。 |
50 | 40 |
|
| 41 | +另外，你还可以创建一个虚拟环境，这个我们在下一节会讲到。 |
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