diff --git a/src/runtime/arrayobject.cs b/src/runtime/arrayobject.cs
index 282383f86..5c97c6dbf 100644
--- a/src/runtime/arrayobject.cs
+++ b/src/runtime/arrayobject.cs
@@ -159,6 +159,10 @@ static NewReference NewInstance(Type elementType, BorrowedReference arrayPyType,
 
             if (rank == 1)
             {
+                if (!Runtime.PyInt_Check(idx))
+                {
+                    return RaiseIndexMustBeIntegerError(idx);
+                }
                 index = Runtime.PyInt_AsLong(idx);
 
                 if (Exceptions.ErrorOccurred())
@@ -199,6 +203,10 @@ static NewReference NewInstance(Type elementType, BorrowedReference arrayPyType,
             for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
             {
                 IntPtr op = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(idx, i);
+                if (!Runtime.PyInt_Check(op))
+                {
+                    return RaiseIndexMustBeIntegerError(op);
+                }
                 index = Runtime.PyInt_AsLong(op);
 
                 if (Exceptions.ErrorOccurred())
@@ -253,6 +261,11 @@ static NewReference NewInstance(Type elementType, BorrowedReference arrayPyType,
 
             if (rank == 1)
             {
+                if (!Runtime.PyInt_Check(idx))
+                {
+                    RaiseIndexMustBeIntegerError(idx);
+                    return -1;
+                }
                 index = Runtime.PyInt_AsLong(idx);
 
                 if (Exceptions.ErrorOccurred())
@@ -291,6 +304,11 @@ static NewReference NewInstance(Type elementType, BorrowedReference arrayPyType,
             for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
             {
                 IntPtr op = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(idx, i);
+                if (!Runtime.PyInt_Check(op))
+                {
+                    RaiseIndexMustBeIntegerError(op);
+                    return -1;
+                }
                 index = Runtime.PyInt_AsLong(op);
 
                 if (Exceptions.ErrorOccurred())
@@ -320,6 +338,11 @@ static NewReference NewInstance(Type elementType, BorrowedReference arrayPyType,
             return 0;
         }
 
+        private static IntPtr RaiseIndexMustBeIntegerError(IntPtr idx)
+        {
+            string tpName = Runtime.PyObject_GetTypeName(idx);
+            return Exceptions.RaiseTypeError($"array index has type {tpName}, expected an integer");
+        }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Implements __contains__ for array types.
diff --git a/src/tests/test_array.py b/src/tests/test_array.py
index 9ab044b29..232c89ac7 100644
--- a/src/tests/test_array.py
+++ b/src/tests/test_array.py
@@ -836,8 +836,15 @@ def test_typed_array():
 
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
         ob = Test.TypedArrayTest()
-        ob.items["wrong"] = "wrong"
+        ob.items["wrong"] = Spam("0")
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.TypedArrayTest()
+        _ = ob.items[0.5]
 
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.TypedArrayTest()
+        ob.items[0.5] = Spam("0")
 
 def test_multi_dimensional_array():
     """Test multi-dimensional arrays."""
@@ -901,8 +908,23 @@ def test_multi_dimensional_array():
 
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
         ob = Test.MultiDimensionalArrayTest()
-        ob[0, 0] = "wrong"
+        ob.items[0, 0] = "wrong"
 
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.MultiDimensionalArrayTest()
+        ob["0", 0] = 0
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.MultiDimensionalArrayTest()
+        ob.items["0", 0] = 0
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.MultiDimensionalArrayTest()
+        _ = ob.items[0.5, 0]
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        ob = Test.MultiDimensionalArrayTest()
+        ob.items[0.5, 0] = 0
 
 def test_array_iteration():
     """Test array iteration."""
@@ -1189,6 +1211,15 @@ def test_create_array_from_shape():
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         Array[int](-1)
 
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        Array[int]('1')
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        Array[int](-1, -1)
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        Array[int]('1', '1')
+
 def test_special_array_creation():
     """Test using the Array[<type>] syntax for creating arrays."""
     from Python.Test import ISayHello1, InterfaceTest, ShortEnum