diff --git a/src/runtime/Py.cs b/src/runtime/Py.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7a2369413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime/Py.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+namespace Python.Runtime;
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.Serialization;
+using System.Threading;
+
+using Python.Runtime.Native;
+
+public static class Py
+{
+    public static GILState GIL()
+    {
+        if (!PythonEngine.IsInitialized)
+        {
+            PythonEngine.Initialize();
+        }
+
+        return PythonEngine.DebugGIL ? new DebugGILState() : new GILState();
+    }
+
+    public static PyModule CreateScope() => new();
+    public static PyModule CreateScope(string name)
+        => new(name ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name)));
+
+
+    public class GILState : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly PyGILState state;
+        private bool isDisposed;
+
+        internal GILState()
+        {
+            state = PythonEngine.AcquireLock();
+        }
+
+        public virtual void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (this.isDisposed) return;
+
+            PythonEngine.ReleaseLock(state);
+            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+            this.isDisposed = true;
+        }
+
+        ~GILState()
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("GIL must always be released, and it must be released from the same thread that acquired it.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class DebugGILState : GILState
+    {
+        readonly Thread owner;
+        internal DebugGILState() : base()
+        {
+            this.owner = Thread.CurrentThread;
+        }
+        public override void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (this.owner != Thread.CurrentThread)
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("GIL must always be released from the same thread, that acquired it");
+
+            base.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class KeywordArguments : PyDict
+    {
+        public KeywordArguments() : base()
+        {
+        }
+
+        protected KeywordArguments(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
+            : base(info, context) { }
+    }
+
+    public static KeywordArguments kw(params object?[] kv)
+    {
+        var dict = new KeywordArguments();
+        if (kv.Length % 2 != 0)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentException("Must have an equal number of keys and values");
+        }
+        for (var i = 0; i < kv.Length; i += 2)
+        {
+            var key = kv[i] as string;
+            if (key is null)
+                throw new ArgumentException("Keys must be non-null strings");
+
+            BorrowedReference value;
+            NewReference temp = default;
+            if (kv[i + 1] is PyObject pyObj)
+            {
+                value = pyObj;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                temp = Converter.ToPythonDetectType(kv[i + 1]);
+                value = temp.Borrow();
+            }
+            using (temp)
+            {
+                if (Runtime.PyDict_SetItemString(dict, key, value) != 0)
+                {
+                    throw new ArgumentException(
+                        string.Format("Cannot add key '{0}' to dictionary.", key),
+                        innerException: PythonException.FetchCurrent());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return dict;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Given a module or package name, import the module and return the resulting object.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="name">Fully-qualified module or package name</param>
+    public static PyObject Import(string name) => PyModule.Import(name);
+
+    public static void SetArgv()
+    {
+        IEnumerable<string> args;
+        try
+        {
+            args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
+        }
+        catch (NotSupportedException)
+        {
+            args = Enumerable.Empty<string>();
+        }
+
+        SetArgv(
+            new[] { "" }.Concat(
+                Environment.GetCommandLineArgs().Skip(1)
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    public static void SetArgv(params string[] argv)
+    {
+        SetArgv(argv as IEnumerable<string>);
+    }
+
+    public static void SetArgv(IEnumerable<string> argv)
+    {
+        if (argv is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(argv));
+
+        using (GIL())
+        {
+            string[] arr = argv.ToArray();
+            Runtime.PySys_SetArgvEx(arr.Length, arr, 0);
+            Runtime.CheckExceptionOccurred();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void With(PyObject obj, Action<PyObject> Body)
+    {
+        if (obj is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(obj));
+        if (Body is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(Body));
+
+        // Behavior described here:
+        // https://docs.python.org/2/reference/datamodel.html#with-statement-context-managers
+
+        Exception? ex = null;
+        PythonException? pyError = null;
+
+        try
+        {
+            PyObject enterResult = obj.InvokeMethod("__enter__");
+
+            Body(enterResult);
+        }
+        catch (PythonException e)
+        {
+            ex = pyError = e;
+        }
+        catch (Exception e)
+        {
+            ex = e;
+            Exceptions.SetError(e);
+            pyError = PythonException.FetchCurrentRaw();
+        }
+
+        PyObject type = pyError?.Type ?? PyObject.None;
+        PyObject val = pyError?.Value ?? PyObject.None;
+        PyObject traceBack = pyError?.Traceback ?? PyObject.None;
+
+        var exitResult = obj.InvokeMethod("__exit__", type, val, traceBack);
+
+        if (ex != null && !exitResult.IsTrue()) throw ex;
+    }
+
+    public static void With(PyObject obj, Action<dynamic> Body)
+        => With(obj, (PyObject context) => Body(context));
+}
diff --git a/src/runtime/pythonengine.cs b/src/runtime/pythonengine.cs
index 1338e2631..5223bb089 100644
--- a/src/runtime/pythonengine.cs
+++ b/src/runtime/pythonengine.cs
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using System.Runtime.Serialization;
-using System.Threading;
 
 using Python.Runtime.Native;
 
@@ -671,189 +669,4 @@ public enum RunFlagType : int
         File = 257, /* Py_file_input */
         Eval = 258
     }
-
-    public static class Py
-    {
-        public static GILState GIL()
-        {
-            if (!PythonEngine.IsInitialized)
-            {
-                PythonEngine.Initialize();
-            }
-
-            return PythonEngine.DebugGIL ? new DebugGILState() : new GILState();
-        }
-
-        public static PyModule CreateScope() => new();
-        public static PyModule CreateScope(string name)
-            => new(name ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name)));
-
-
-        public class GILState : IDisposable
-        {
-            private readonly PyGILState state;
-            private bool isDisposed;
-
-            internal GILState()
-            {
-                state = PythonEngine.AcquireLock();
-            }
-
-            public virtual void Dispose()
-            {
-                if (this.isDisposed) return;
-
-                PythonEngine.ReleaseLock(state);
-                GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
-                this.isDisposed = true;
-            }
-
-            ~GILState()
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException("GIL must always be released, and it must be released from the same thread that acquired it.");
-            }
-        }
-
-        public class DebugGILState : GILState
-        {
-            readonly Thread owner;
-            internal DebugGILState() : base()
-            {
-                this.owner = Thread.CurrentThread;
-            }
-            public override void Dispose()
-            {
-                if (this.owner != Thread.CurrentThread)
-                    throw new InvalidOperationException("GIL must always be released from the same thread, that acquired it");
-
-                base.Dispose();
-            }
-        }
-
-        public class KeywordArguments : PyDict
-        {
-            public KeywordArguments() : base()
-            {
-            }
-
-            protected KeywordArguments(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
-                : base(info, context) { }
-        }
-
-        public static KeywordArguments kw(params object?[] kv)
-        {
-            var dict = new KeywordArguments();
-            if (kv.Length % 2 != 0)
-            {
-                throw new ArgumentException("Must have an equal number of keys and values");
-            }
-            for (var i = 0; i < kv.Length; i += 2)
-            {
-                var key = kv[i] as string;
-                if (key is null)
-                    throw new ArgumentException("Keys must be non-null strings");
-
-                BorrowedReference value;
-                NewReference temp = default;
-                if (kv[i + 1] is PyObject pyObj)
-                {
-                    value = pyObj;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    temp = Converter.ToPythonDetectType(kv[i + 1]);
-                    value = temp.Borrow();
-                }
-                using (temp)
-                {
-                    if (Runtime.PyDict_SetItemString(dict, key, value) != 0)
-                    {
-                        throw new ArgumentException(
-                            string.Format("Cannot add key '{0}' to dictionary.", key),
-                            innerException: PythonException.FetchCurrent());
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            return dict;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Given a module or package name, import the module and return the resulting object.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="name">Fully-qualified module or package name</param>
-        public static PyObject Import(string name) => PyModule.Import(name);
-
-        public static void SetArgv()
-        {
-            IEnumerable<string> args;
-            try
-            {
-                args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
-            }
-            catch (NotSupportedException)
-            {
-                args = Enumerable.Empty<string>();
-            }
-
-            SetArgv(
-                new[] { "" }.Concat(
-                    Environment.GetCommandLineArgs().Skip(1)
-                )
-            );
-        }
-
-        public static void SetArgv(params string[] argv)
-        {
-            SetArgv(argv as IEnumerable<string>);
-        }
-
-        public static void SetArgv(IEnumerable<string> argv)
-        {
-            if (argv is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(argv));
-
-            using (GIL())
-            {
-                string[] arr = argv.ToArray();
-                Runtime.PySys_SetArgvEx(arr.Length, arr, 0);
-                Runtime.CheckExceptionOccurred();
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static void With(PyObject obj, Action<dynamic> Body)
-        {
-            if (obj is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(obj));
-            if (Body is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(Body));
-
-            // Behavior described here:
-            // https://docs.python.org/2/reference/datamodel.html#with-statement-context-managers
-
-            Exception? ex = null;
-            PythonException? pyError = null;
-
-            try
-            {
-                PyObject enterResult = obj.InvokeMethod("__enter__");
-
-                Body(enterResult);
-            }
-            catch (PythonException e)
-            {
-                ex = pyError = e;
-            }
-            catch (Exception e)
-            {
-                ex = e;
-                Exceptions.SetError(e);
-                pyError = PythonException.FetchCurrentRaw();
-            }
-
-            PyObject type = pyError?.Type ?? PyObject.None;
-            PyObject val = pyError?.Value ?? PyObject.None;
-            PyObject traceBack = pyError?.Traceback ?? PyObject.None;
-
-            var exitResult = obj.InvokeMethod("__exit__", type, val, traceBack);
-
-            if (ex != null && !exitResult.IsTrue()) throw ex;
-        }
-    }
 }