From 39e2670963445e56cb6dee7d052713140c2ea060 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Victor Milovanov <lost@losttech.software>
Date: Mon, 28 Jan 2019 11:53:25 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] added a regression test for #881

https://github.com/pythonnet/pythonnet/issues/811
---
 src/embed_tests/Python.EmbeddingTest.csproj |  1 +
 src/embed_tests/TestInstanceWrapping.cs     | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 59 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/embed_tests/TestInstanceWrapping.cs

diff --git a/src/embed_tests/Python.EmbeddingTest.csproj b/src/embed_tests/Python.EmbeddingTest.csproj
index faa55fa27..d351709a4 100644
--- a/src/embed_tests/Python.EmbeddingTest.csproj
+++ b/src/embed_tests/Python.EmbeddingTest.csproj
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@
     <Compile Include="TestDomainReload.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestExample.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestFinalizer.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="TestInstanceWrapping.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestPyAnsiString.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestPyFloat.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestPyInt.cs" />
diff --git a/src/embed_tests/TestInstanceWrapping.cs b/src/embed_tests/TestInstanceWrapping.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec275d67a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/embed_tests/TestInstanceWrapping.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+using System;
+using System.Globalization;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using Python.Runtime;
+
+namespace Python.EmbeddingTest
+{
+    public class TestInstanceWrapping
+    {
+        [OneTimeSetUp]
+        public void SetUp()
+        {
+            PythonEngine.Initialize();
+        }
+
+        [OneTimeTearDown]
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            PythonEngine.Shutdown();
+        }
+
+        // regression test for https://github.com/pythonnet/pythonnet/issues/811
+        [Test]
+        public void OverloadResolution_UnknownToObject()
+        {
+            var overloaded = new Overloaded();
+            using (Py.GIL())
+            {
+                var o = overloaded.ToPython();
+
+                dynamic callWithSelf = PythonEngine.Eval("lambda o: o.ObjOrClass(KeyError())");
+                callWithSelf(o);
+                Assert.AreEqual(Overloaded.Object, overloaded.Value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        class Base {}
+        class Derived: Base { }
+
+        class Overloaded: Derived
+        {
+            public int Value { get; set; }
+            public void IntOrStr(int arg) => this.Value = arg;
+            public void IntOrStr(string arg) =>
+                this.Value = int.Parse(arg, NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+
+            public const int Object = 1;
+            public const int ConcreteClass = 2;
+            public void ObjOrClass(object _) => this.Value = Object;
+            public void ObjOrClass(Overloaded _) => this.Value = ConcreteClass;
+
+            public const int Base = ConcreteClass + 1;
+            public const int Derived = Base + 1;
+            public void BaseOrDerived(Base _) => this.Value = Base;
+            public void BaseOrDerived(Derived _) => this.Value = Derived;
+        }
+    }
+}

From cc255ea7fee2852b1c4d36667653fb0e71c0978e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Victor Milovanov <lost@losttech.software>
Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2019 22:38:50 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] when converting to object, wrap values of unknown type
 into PyObject instead of failing

This enables overload resolution with object parameters to behave the same way PyObject parameters behave - e.g. allow any Python object to be passed as PyObject as fallback.

Resolves #811
---
 CHANGELOG.md             | 1 +
 src/runtime/converter.cs | 9 +++------
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 9bcedd5bd..788a1a2f1 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ This document follows the conventions laid out in [Keep a CHANGELOG][].
 -   Reattach python exception traceback information (#545)
 -   PythonEngine.Intialize will now call `Py_InitializeEx` with a default value of 0, so signals will not be configured by default on embedding. This is different from the previous behaviour, where `Py_Initialize` was called instead, which sets initSigs to 1. ([#449][i449])
 -   Refactored MethodBinder.Bind in preparation to make it extensible (#829)
+-   When calling C# from Python, enable passing argument of any type to a parameter of C# type `object` by wrapping it into `PyObject` instance. ([#881][i881])
 -   Look for installed Windows 10 sdk's during installation instead of relying on specific versions.
 
 ### Fixed
diff --git a/src/runtime/converter.cs b/src/runtime/converter.cs
index 11c67bf82..1883dc32b 100644
--- a/src/runtime/converter.cs
+++ b/src/runtime/converter.cs
@@ -382,12 +382,9 @@ internal static bool ToManagedValue(IntPtr value, Type obType,
                     return ToArray(value, typeof(object[]), out result, setError);
                 }
 
-                if (setError)
-                {
-                    Exceptions.SetError(Exceptions.TypeError, "value cannot be converted to Object");
-                }
-
-                return false;
+                Runtime.XIncref(value); // PyObject() assumes ownership
+                result = new PyObject(value);
+                return true;
             }
 
             // Conversion to 'Type' is done using the same mappings as above for objects.