clippy_lints/src/comparison_chain.rs

use clippy_utils::diagnostics::span_lint_and_sugg;
use clippy_utils::sugg::Sugg;
use clippy_utils::ty::implements_trait;
use clippy_utils::{SpanlessEq, if_sequence, is_else_clause, is_in_const_context};
use rustc_errors::Applicability;
use rustc_hir::{BinOpKind, Expr, ExprKind};
use rustc_lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass};
use rustc_session::declare_lint_pass;
use rustc_span::sym;

declare_clippy_lint! {
    /// ### What it does
    /// Checks comparison chains written with `if` that can be
    /// rewritten with `match` and `cmp`.
    ///
    /// ### Why is this bad?
    /// `if` is not guaranteed to be exhaustive and conditionals can get
    /// repetitive
    ///
    /// ### Known problems
    /// The match statement may be slower due to the compiler
    /// not inlining the call to cmp. See issue [#5354](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/5354)
    ///
    /// ### Example
    /// ```rust,ignore
    /// # fn a() {}
    /// # fn b() {}
    /// # fn c() {}
    /// fn f(x: u8, y: u8) {
    ///     if x > y {
    ///         a()
    ///     } else if x < y {
    ///         b()
    ///     } else {
    ///         c()
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Use instead:
    /// ```rust,ignore
    /// use std::cmp::Ordering;
    /// # fn a() {}
    /// # fn b() {}
    /// # fn c() {}
    /// fn f(x: u8, y: u8) {
    ///      match x.cmp(&y) {
    ///          Ordering::Greater => a(),
    ///          Ordering::Less => b(),
    ///          Ordering::Equal => c()
    ///      }
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[clippy::version = "1.40.0"]
    pub COMPARISON_CHAIN,
    pedantic,
    "`if`s that can be rewritten with `match` and `cmp`"
}

declare_lint_pass!(ComparisonChain => [COMPARISON_CHAIN]);

impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for ComparisonChain {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'_>) {
        if expr.span.from_expansion() {
            return;
        }

        // We only care about the top-most `if` in the chain
        if is_else_clause(cx.tcx, expr) {
            return;
        }

        if is_in_const_context(cx) {
            return;
        }

        // Check that there exists at least one explicit else condition
        let (conds, _) = if_sequence(expr);
        if conds.len() < 2 {
            return;
        }

        for cond in conds.windows(2) {
            if let (&ExprKind::Binary(ref kind1, lhs1, rhs1), &ExprKind::Binary(ref kind2, lhs2, rhs2)) =
                (&cond[0].kind, &cond[1].kind)
            {
                if !kind_is_cmp(kind1.node) || !kind_is_cmp(kind2.node) {
                    return;
                }

                // Check that both sets of operands are equal
                let mut spanless_eq = SpanlessEq::new(cx);
                let same_fixed_operands = spanless_eq.eq_expr(lhs1, lhs2) && spanless_eq.eq_expr(rhs1, rhs2);
                let same_transposed_operands = spanless_eq.eq_expr(lhs1, rhs2) && spanless_eq.eq_expr(rhs1, lhs2);

                if !same_fixed_operands && !same_transposed_operands {
                    return;
                }

                // Check that if the operation is the same, either it's not `==` or the operands are transposed
                if kind1.node == kind2.node {
                    if kind1.node == BinOpKind::Eq {
                        return;
                    }
                    if !same_transposed_operands {
                        return;
                    }
                }

                // Check that the type being compared implements `core::cmp::Ord`
                let ty = cx.typeck_results().expr_ty(lhs1);
                let is_ord = cx
                    .tcx
                    .get_diagnostic_item(sym::Ord)
                    .is_some_and(|id| implements_trait(cx, ty, id, &[]));

                if !is_ord {
                    return;
                }
            } else {
                // We only care about comparison chains
                return;
            }
        }
        let ExprKind::Binary(_, lhs, rhs) = conds[0].kind else {
            unreachable!();
        };
        let lhs = Sugg::hir(cx, lhs, "..").maybe_paren();
        let rhs = Sugg::hir(cx, rhs, "..").addr();
        span_lint_and_sugg(
            cx,
            COMPARISON_CHAIN,
            expr.span,
            "`if` chain can be rewritten with `match`",
            "consider rewriting the `if` chain with `match`",
            format!("match {lhs}.cmp({rhs}) {{...}}"),
            Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
        );
    }
}

fn kind_is_cmp(kind: BinOpKind) -> bool {
    matches!(kind, BinOpKind::Lt | BinOpKind::Gt | BinOpKind::Eq)
}