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# Java Best Practices
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Best practices in Coding, Designing and Architecting Java Applications
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## Coding
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###How to become a good programmer?
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###Ask Why?
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- Ask Why?
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### Should I be an expert at all Design Patterns?
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- My personal view : Design Patterns are good to know. Have a good idea on what each one of them does. But, that where it ends. I’m not a big fan of understanding the intricate details of each Design Pattern. You can look it up if you have a good overall idea about Design Patterns.
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- Full Video on Design Patterns : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5Rzr5mVNbY
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- Java EE Design Patterns : https://github.com/in28minutes/Java-EE-Design-Patterns/blob/master/JavaEE%20Design%20Patterns%20and%20Architecture%20-%20Presentation%20v0.7.pdf
### How can you increase performance and reliability of applications using Queues?
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### What are the most important coding standards?
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- Complexity of a method
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- Naming variables, methods and classes
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- Size of methods and classes
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- Number of parameters
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### Why is unit testing important?
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### Why should a good programmer understand Mocking?
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### Why is it important to have an API Standard?
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- YARAS
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### Why should you create a reference component?
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### What is the importance of Logging and Centralized Monitoring?
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### What happens behind Maven? What is a Repository?
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### Automate! Automate! Automate!
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- Why is it important?
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- Personal Experience with Deployment Automation, Providing user screen with requests/responses
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### When should you have multiple CI builds?
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### Why is performance of Unit Tests important?
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### What are Cloud Native Applications?
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### What are micro-services?
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### Why should you avoid floats for Calculations?
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### Why is it important to use Continuous Integration from Day 0 of the project?
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### What is a vertical slice? Why should you need it?
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### What is defensive programming?
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### Why should you have minimum scope for variables?
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### Why should you understand performance of String Concatenation?
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### Why should you optimize judiciously?
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### What are the best practices with Exception Handling?
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### When is it recommended to prefer Unchecked Exceptions?
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- Spring Framework
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### When do you use a Marker Interface?
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### Why are ENUMS important for Readable Code?
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### Why should you minimize mutability?
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### What is functional programming?
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### Why should you prefer Builder Pattern to build complex objects?
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### Why should you build the riskiest high priority features first?
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### Why should you have api & impl in each layer maven projects?
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### Why should you create small components?
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### Why should you have coding standards?
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### Why should you migrate to GIT?
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### What are the 4 Principles of Simple Design?
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### What is Pair Programming?
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### Whatt are Best Practices of Distribute Agile?
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### Why is readable code important?
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### What is component based architecture?
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### Why should you commit your code often?
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### What is use of Maven Parent POM?
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### Why should you write unit tests with/before code?
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### What are version control best practices
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- Do not commit derived files.
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- Do not commit IDE files.
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- Commit often
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- Use Git
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### A few design patterns...
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### Why do Stateless applications perform better?
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###Code Quality Overview
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- Next question is how to approach a Code Review. Difficult to cover everything. I would make a start. When doing a code review, I start with static analysis results (for example, sonar). I spend 10 minutes getting an overview of components and/or layers (focusing on size and dependencies). Next I would pick up a unit test for a complex functionality. I feel unit tests are the best place to discover the dependencies and naming practices (I believe good names = 50% of maintainable code). If a programmer can write a simple and understandable unit test, he can definitely write good code. Next, I look for 4 principles of Simple Design. After this, there are 100 other things we can look for - You decide.
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- PDF - https://www.mindmup.com/#m:a1972695706ab201340d4b0beac29b8bfc
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### Why should you not take code quality tools at face value?
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- If a project has a great Sonar report, does it mean it is perfect?
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- Nope, code quality tools are just a guidance!
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- Your focus should be to write code that adheres to "4 Principles of Simple Design"
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- Peer Reviews are necessary!
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## Performance
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- First and Foremost - NO premature optimizations. Any optimization decision should be based on numbers or past experience. In Donald Knuth's paper "Structured Programming With GoTo Statements", he wrote: "Programmers waste enormous amounts of time thinking about, or worrying about, the speed of non critical parts of their programs, and these attempts at efficiency actually have a strong negative impact when debugging and maintenance are considered. We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil. Yet we should not pass up our opportunities in that critical 3%."
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### REST Web Services
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- PDF https://www.mindmup.com/#m:g10B8KENIDghuHAYmFzM0daOU80SDA
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#### How should you document your REST Web Services?
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- Swagger
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### Distributed Cache
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