diff --git a/sklearn/linear_model/_cd_fast.pyx b/sklearn/linear_model/_cd_fast.pyx
index 3b0b2251abf69..38ba169ae8015 100644
--- a/sklearn/linear_model/_cd_fast.pyx
+++ b/sklearn/linear_model/_cd_fast.pyx
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ cdef enum:
     # Max value for our rand_r replacement (near the bottom).
     # We don't use RAND_MAX because it's different across platforms and
     # particularly tiny on Windows/MSVC.
-    RAND_R_MAX = 0x7FFFFFFF
+    # It corresponds to the maximum representable value for
+    # 32-bit signed integers (i.e. 2^31 - 1).
+    RAND_R_MAX = 2147483647
 
 
 cdef inline UINT32_t rand_int(UINT32_t end, UINT32_t* random_state) noexcept nogil:
diff --git a/sklearn/tree/_criterion.pyx b/sklearn/tree/_criterion.pyx
index 79f6346be239d..ed8a12065554e 100644
--- a/sklearn/tree/_criterion.pyx
+++ b/sklearn/tree/_criterion.pyx
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ cdef class Criterion:
         double upper_bound,
         double value_left,
         double value_right,
-    ) nogil:
+    ) noexcept nogil:
         cdef:
             bint check_lower_bound = (
                 (value_left >= lower_bound) &
diff --git a/sklearn/tree/_utils.pxd b/sklearn/tree/_utils.pxd
index 4938d3030245f..4b953af2d9b2b 100644
--- a/sklearn/tree/_utils.pxd
+++ b/sklearn/tree/_utils.pxd
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ cdef enum:
     # Max value for our rand_r replacement (near the bottom).
     # We don't use RAND_MAX because it's different across platforms and
     # particularly tiny on Windows/MSVC.
-    RAND_R_MAX = 0x7FFFFFFF
+    # It corresponds to the maximum representable value for
+    # 32-bit signed integers (i.e. 2^31 - 1).
+    RAND_R_MAX = 2147483647
 
 
 # safe_realloc(&p, n) resizes the allocation of p to n * sizeof(*p) bytes or
diff --git a/sklearn/utils/_random.pxd b/sklearn/utils/_random.pxd
index 89741ea38179c..b5199fc506f4e 100644
--- a/sklearn/utils/_random.pxd
+++ b/sklearn/utils/_random.pxd
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ cdef enum:
     # particularly tiny on Windows/MSVC.
     # It corresponds to the maximum representable value for
     # 32-bit signed integers (i.e. 2^31 - 1).
-    RAND_R_MAX = 0x7FFFFFFF
+    RAND_R_MAX = 2147483647
 
 cpdef sample_without_replacement(cnp.int_t n_population,
                                  cnp.int_t n_samples,