I would set the column in jsonb, then use Json function on it.

Json operator are not native With doctrine. But there are a few doctrine extension to handle Json function

I wrote a blog post about this a few years ago: https://endelwar.it/2020/08/filter-users-by-role-in-symfony-5/

It also works on Symfony 6 — you'll find the PostgreSQL code in the comments section.