diff --git a/src/Symfony/Bridge/Doctrine/Messenger/DoctrineTransactionMiddleware.php b/src/Symfony/Bridge/Doctrine/Messenger/DoctrineTransactionMiddleware.php
index e4831557f01db..e5bee1dc8136e 100644
--- a/src/Symfony/Bridge/Doctrine/Messenger/DoctrineTransactionMiddleware.php
+++ b/src/Symfony/Bridge/Doctrine/Messenger/DoctrineTransactionMiddleware.php
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ protected function handleForManager(EntityManagerInterface $entityManager, Envel
 
             return $envelope;
         } catch (\Throwable $exception) {
-            $entityManager->getConnection()->rollBack();
+            if ($entityManager->getConnection()->isTransactionActive()) {
+                $entityManager->getConnection()->rollBack();
+            }
 
             if ($exception instanceof HandlerFailedException) {
                 // Remove all HandledStamp from the envelope so the retry will execute all handlers again.