diff --git a/Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/test_zoneinfo.py b/Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/test_zoneinfo.py
index addc905af5ede9..2f9a5dfc1a89a0 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/test_zoneinfo.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_zoneinfo/test_zoneinfo.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 from functools import cached_property
 
 from test.support import MISSING_C_DOCSTRINGS
-from test.support.os_helper import EnvironmentVarGuard
+from test.support.os_helper import EnvironmentVarGuard, FakePath
 from test.test_zoneinfo import _support as test_support
 from test.test_zoneinfo._support import TZPATH_TEST_LOCK, ZoneInfoTestBase
 from test.support.import_helper import import_module, CleanImport
@@ -1784,6 +1784,7 @@ def test_reset_tzpath_relative_paths(self):
             ("/usr/share/zoneinfo", "../relative/path",),
             ("path/to/somewhere", "../relative/path",),
             ("/usr/share/zoneinfo", "path/to/somewhere", "../relative/path",),
+            (FakePath("path/to/somewhere"),)
         ]
         for input_paths in bad_values:
             with self.subTest(input_paths=input_paths):
@@ -1795,6 +1796,9 @@ def test_tzpath_type_error(self):
             "/etc/zoneinfo:/usr/share/zoneinfo",
             b"/etc/zoneinfo:/usr/share/zoneinfo",
             0,
+            (b"/bytes/path", "/valid/path"),
+            (FakePath(b"/bytes/path"),),
+            (0,),
         ]
 
         for bad_value in bad_values:
@@ -1805,6 +1809,7 @@ def test_tzpath_type_error(self):
     def test_tzpath_attribute(self):
         tzpath_0 = [f"{DRIVE}/one", f"{DRIVE}/two"]
         tzpath_1 = [f"{DRIVE}/three"]
+        tzpath_pathlike = (FakePath(f"{DRIVE}/usr/share/zoneinfo"),)
 
         with self.tzpath_context(tzpath_0):
             query_0 = self.module.TZPATH
@@ -1812,8 +1817,12 @@ def test_tzpath_attribute(self):
         with self.tzpath_context(tzpath_1):
             query_1 = self.module.TZPATH
 
+        with self.tzpath_context(tzpath_pathlike):
+            query_pathlike = self.module.TZPATH
+
         self.assertSequenceEqual(tzpath_0, query_0)
         self.assertSequenceEqual(tzpath_1, query_1)
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(tuple([os.fspath(p) for p in tzpath_pathlike]), query_pathlike)
 
 
 class CTzPathTest(TzPathTest):
diff --git a/Lib/zoneinfo/_tzpath.py b/Lib/zoneinfo/_tzpath.py
index 78fa6f00a8590a..177d32c35eff29 100644
--- a/Lib/zoneinfo/_tzpath.py
+++ b/Lib/zoneinfo/_tzpath.py
@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ def _reset_tzpath(to=None, stacklevel=4):
                 + f"not {type(tzpaths)}: {tzpaths!r}"
             )
 
+        tzpaths = [os.fspath(p) for p in tzpaths]
+        if not all(isinstance(p, str) for p in tzpaths):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "All elements of a tzpath sequence must be strings or "
+                "os.PathLike objects which convert to strings."
+            )
+
         if not all(map(os.path.isabs, tzpaths)):
             raise ValueError(_get_invalid_paths_message(tzpaths))
         base_tzpath = tzpaths
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-03-15-20-10.gh-issue-138432.RMc7UX.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-03-15-20-10.gh-issue-138432.RMc7UX.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b48b978a6d5c75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-03-15-20-10.gh-issue-138432.RMc7UX.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+:meth:`zoneinfo.reset_tzpath` will now convert any :class:`os.PathLike` objects
+it receives into strings before adding them to ``TZPATH``. It will raise
+``TypeError`` if anything other than a string is found after this conversion.
+If given an :class:`os.PathLike` object that represents a relative path, it
+will now raise ``ValueError`` instead of ``TypeError``, and present a more
+informative error message.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-47-23.gh-issue-116946.hj_u1t.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-47-23.gh-issue-116946.hj_u1t.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b078070166c26d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-47-23.gh-issue-116946.hj_u1t.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:mod:`tkinter`: the types :class:`!_tkinter.Tcl_Obj` (wrapper for Tcl objects),
+:class:`!_tkinter.tktimertoken` (obtained by calling ``createtimerhandler()``
+on a :attr:`Tk <tkinter.Tk.tk>` application) and :class:`!_tkinter.tkapp`
+(the runtime type of Tk applications) are now immutable.
+Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-53-19.gh-issue-116946.c-npxd.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-53-19.gh-issue-116946.c-npxd.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..7d7d7ac5b289f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-53-19.gh-issue-116946.c-npxd.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+:mod:`os`: the :class:`os.DirEntry` type and the type of :func:`os.scandir`
+are now immutable. Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-54-01.gh-issue-116946.hzQEWI.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-54-01.gh-issue-116946.hzQEWI.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..91c03fc740463f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-54-01.gh-issue-116946.hzQEWI.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+:mod:`zlib`: the types of :func:`zlib.compressobj`
+and :func:`zlib.decompressobj` are now immutable.
+Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-56-40.gh-issue-116946.GGIeyO.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-56-40.gh-issue-116946.GGIeyO.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..90cf43b788137f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-09-06-14-56-40.gh-issue-116946.GGIeyO.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+:mod:`curses.panel`: the type of :func:`curses.panel.new_panel` is now
+immutable. Patch by Bénédikt Tran.
diff --git a/Modules/_curses_panel.c b/Modules/_curses_panel.c
index 66a8c40953da8c..3b46fdf838b16f 100644
--- a/Modules/_curses_panel.c
+++ b/Modules/_curses_panel.c
@@ -684,6 +684,7 @@ static PyType_Spec PyCursesPanel_Type_spec = {
     .flags = (
         Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
         | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
         | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC
     ),
     .slots = PyCursesPanel_Type_slots
diff --git a/Modules/_remote_debugging_module.c b/Modules/_remote_debugging_module.c
index 827dcf4dcc4c14..c306143ee73b18 100644
--- a/Modules/_remote_debugging_module.c
+++ b/Modules/_remote_debugging_module.c
@@ -3062,7 +3062,10 @@ static PyType_Slot RemoteUnwinder_slots[] = {
 static PyType_Spec RemoteUnwinder_spec = {
     .name = "_remote_debugging.RemoteUnwinder",
     .basicsize = sizeof(RemoteUnwinderObject),
-    .flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
     .slots = RemoteUnwinder_slots,
 };
 
diff --git a/Modules/_tkinter.c b/Modules/_tkinter.c
index d921c46d645ac0..f0882191d3c3e8 100644
--- a/Modules/_tkinter.c
+++ b/Modules/_tkinter.c
@@ -906,11 +906,14 @@ static PyType_Slot PyTclObject_Type_slots[] = {
 };
 
 static PyType_Spec PyTclObject_Type_spec = {
-    "_tkinter.Tcl_Obj",
-    sizeof(PyTclObject),
-    0,
-    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION,
-    PyTclObject_Type_slots,
+    .name = "_tkinter.Tcl_Obj",
+    .basicsize = sizeof(PyTclObject),
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
+    .slots = PyTclObject_Type_slots,
 };
 
 
@@ -3267,11 +3270,14 @@ static PyType_Slot Tktt_Type_slots[] = {
 };
 
 static PyType_Spec Tktt_Type_spec = {
-    "_tkinter.tktimertoken",
-    sizeof(TkttObject),
-    0,
-    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION,
-    Tktt_Type_slots,
+    .name = "_tkinter.tktimertoken",
+    .basicsize = sizeof(TkttObject),
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
+    .slots = Tktt_Type_slots,
 };
 
 
@@ -3323,11 +3329,14 @@ static PyType_Slot Tkapp_Type_slots[] = {
 
 
 static PyType_Spec Tkapp_Type_spec = {
-    "_tkinter.tkapp",
-    sizeof(TkappObject),
-    0,
-    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION,
-    Tkapp_Type_slots,
+    .name = "_tkinter.tkapp",
+    .basicsize = sizeof(TkappObject),
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
+    .slots = Tkapp_Type_slots,
 };
 
 static PyMethodDef moduleMethods[] =
diff --git a/Modules/posixmodule.c b/Modules/posixmodule.c
index 50d0ff1dc2127c..f229c4e8dd9322 100644
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c
@@ -16050,11 +16050,14 @@ static PyType_Slot DirEntryType_slots[] = {
 };
 
 static PyType_Spec DirEntryType_spec = {
-    MODNAME ".DirEntry",
-    sizeof(DirEntry),
-    0,
-    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION,
-    DirEntryType_slots
+    .name = MODNAME ".DirEntry",
+    .basicsize = sizeof(DirEntry),
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
+    .slots = DirEntryType_slots
 };
 
 
@@ -16492,14 +16495,17 @@ static PyType_Slot ScandirIteratorType_slots[] = {
 };
 
 static PyType_Spec ScandirIteratorType_spec = {
-    MODNAME ".ScandirIterator",
-    sizeof(ScandirIterator),
-    0,
+    .name = MODNAME ".ScandirIterator",
+    .basicsize = sizeof(ScandirIterator),
     // bpo-40549: Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE should not be used, since
     // PyType_GetModule(Py_TYPE(self)) doesn't work on a subclass instance.
-    (Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE
-        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION),
-    ScandirIteratorType_slots
+    .flags = (
+        Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
+    ),
+    .slots = ScandirIteratorType_slots
 };
 
 /*[clinic input]
diff --git a/Modules/zlibmodule.c b/Modules/zlibmodule.c
index 0625a6f8052b6c..1ee14e31612860 100644
--- a/Modules/zlibmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/zlibmodule.c
@@ -2043,6 +2043,7 @@ static PyType_Spec Comptype_spec = {
     .flags = (
         Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
         | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
         | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC
     ),
     .slots= Comptype_slots,
@@ -2062,6 +2063,7 @@ static PyType_Spec Decomptype_spec = {
     .flags = (
         Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT
         | Py_TPFLAGS_DISALLOW_INSTANTIATION
+        | Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE
         | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC
     ),
     .slots = Decomptype_slots,