Israel
| State of Israel מדינת ישראל (Medīnat (Y)isra'el) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
| Des ke jaankari | |||||
| Des ke motto: | -- | ||||
| National anthem: | Hatikvah | ||||
| Log ke baare me | |||||
| Official bhasa: | Hebrew, Arabic | ||||
| Abaadi: | |||||
| - Total: | 7,005,400 (ranked 97) | ||||
| - Density: | 333 per km² | ||||
| Jagha | |||||
 | |||||
| Capital City: | Jerusalem | ||||
| Sab se barraa City: | Jerusalem | ||||
| Area | |||||
| - Total: | 20,770 (ranked 150) | ||||
| - Water: | n/a km² (2%) | ||||
| Politics / Government | |||||
| Established: | 14 May 1948 | ||||
| Leader: | President: Shimon Peres Prime Minister: Benjamin Netanyahu | ||||
| Economy / Money | |||||
| Paisa ke naam: | New Israeli sheqel (₪) (NIS) | ||||
| International information | |||||
| Time ke zone: | +2 (DST: +3) | ||||
| Telephone ke dialing code: | +972 | ||||
| Internet domain: | .co.il | ||||
Israel, Middle East ke ek des hai. Ii des ke jaada log Jewish hai lekin ek barraa , Arab minority bhi hai jon ki Muslims nai to Christians hai. Ii des ke 1917 ke Palestine Mandate se banaawa gais rahaa, jab ki League of Nations ii jagah ke British ke niche kar diis rahaa.
Israel Mediterranean Sea ke east me hai. Iske borde, north me Lebanon aur Syria se, east me Jordan se, aur southwest me Egypt se hai. Israel, Gaza Strip aur Bank Bank ke bhi control kare hai.[1]
Itihaas
Israel me rahe waale pahila log Canaanite rahin. 3000 saal pahile Saul, David aur Solomon ke kingdom rahaa. Jab Romans log Jerusalem ke Temple (of King Solomon) ke barbaad kar diin rahaa tab jaada Jewish log ke duusra des me rahe ke parraa rahaa.
1880s me ek movement, jiske Zionism bola jaae hai, suruu bhais rahaa. Dunia bhar ke Jews log ii jagah me aae ke base lagin. Pahile ii jagha Turkey aur baad me British ke niche rahaa. World War II aur Holocaust me Europe ke 6 million Jews ke maut hoe gais.
Iske baad jaada number me Jews log Israel aawe lagin, khaas kar ke Europe aur Russia se aur ii logan huan ke Palestinian ke jamiin lae ke uu logan ke parrosi Arab des me khader diin.
14 May 1948, ke Israel (David Ben-Gurion ke niche) apne ke ajaad declare kar ke ek Jewish des banae liin. Bagal ke Arbii des ke sena Palestine ke invade karin aur pahila Arab-Israeli Larrai suruu bhais. Jab duuno pakchh ke biich me sanjhautaa bhais tab Israel ii jagha ke 77% ke control karis.[2] Palestine ke jaada Arbii log ke huan se khader dewa gais aur jon thorra bache rahin, nawaa des ke ek minority ban gain. Baad ke decades me Muslim des se dher Jew log aae ke Israel me rahe lagin. 1967 ke Six-Day War ke baad Israel, West Bank, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights aur Sinai Peninsula ke aapan niche kar liis. 1973 ke Yom Kippir War ke baad Israel, Egypt aur Jordan ke saathe peace treaty sign karis.
Geography
Israel ke border ke dher des recognice nai kare hai aur iske khatir dher larrai bahis hai. Iske jamiin south me desert hai aur west me flat plain hai. Biich me pahaarr hai. Hian ke mausam jaada kar ke garam rahe hai, lekin north me temperate hai. Jerusalem sab se barraa city aur capital haiaur Tel Aviv ek aur barraa city hai.
Politics
Israel ek parliamentary democracy hai. Iske President, Shimon Peres aur Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu hai. Iske parliament ke Knesset bola jaae hai.
Israel ke Prime Minister ke suchi
- David Ben-Gurion - 14 May 1948 - 7 December 1953
- Moshe Sharett - 7 December 1953 - 3 November 1955
- David Ben-Gurion - 3 November 1955 - 26 June 1963
- Levi Eshkol - 26 June 1963 - 26 February 1969
- Yigal Allon - 26 February 1969 - 17 March 1969
- Golda Meir - 17 March 1969 - 3 June 1974
- Yitzhak Rabin - 3 June 1974 - 20 June 1977
- Menachem Begin - 20 June 1977 - 10 October 1983
- Yitzhak Shamir - 10 October 1983 - 13 September 1984
- Shimon Peres - 13 September 1984 - 20 October 1986
- Yitzhak Shamir - 20 October 1986 - 13 July 1992
- Yitzhak Rabin - 13 July 1992 - 4 November 1995
- Shimon Peres - 4 November 1995 - 18 June 1996
- Banjamin Netanyahu - 18 June 1996 - 6 June 1999
- Ehud Barak - 6 June 1999 - 7 March 2001
- Ariel Sharon - 7 March 2001 - 14 April 2006
- Ehud Olmert - 14 April 2006 - 31 March 2009
- Banjamin Netanyahu - 31 March 2009 - 13 June 2021
- Naftali Bennet - 13 June 2021 - 30 June 2022
- Yesh Atid - 1 July 2022 - 29 December 2022
- Banjamin Netanyahu - 29 December 2022 - incumbent
Administrative hissa
Israel ke chhe adminitrative jila hae; Center, Haifa, Jeruslam, North, South aur Tel Aviv. Iske alaawa West Bank me Judea aur Samaira bhi hae.
| Jila | Rajdhani | Sab se barraa city | Population, 2021[3] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yahudi | Arbii | Kul jorr | note | |||
| Jerusalem | Jerusalem | 66% | 32% | 1,209,700 | a | |
| North | Nof HaGalil | Nazareth | 42% | 54% | 1,513,600 | |
| Haifa | Haifa | 67% | 25% | 1,092,700 | ||
| Center | Ramla | Rishon LeZion | 87% | 8% | 2,304,300 | |
| Tel Aviv | Tel Aviv | 92% | 2% | 1,481,400 | ||
| South | Beersheba | Ashdod | 71% | 22% | 1,386,000 | |
| Judea aur Samaria Area | Ariel | Modi'in Illit | 98% | 0% | 465,400 | b |
Chapa ke gallery
-
Israel Independence declare kare hai -
Central Judea ke pahaarr -
Knesset, Parliament -
Institue of Science -
Solar energy centre -
Western Wall aur Dome of the Rock -
Football Stadium -
Jerusalem -
Dome of the Rock -
Tel Aviv Beach -
Haifa -
Acre -
Khan al-Umdan -
Nazareth -
Eilat -
Negev -
Dead Sea -
Masada -
Ein Gedi -
Natural arch in the Galilee -
Lemon Orchard in the Galilee -
Montfort Castle -
Mount Hermon
Duusra websites
- Israel Breaking News, News from Israel and the Middle East, updated daily.
- Israel-Times Daily News, Breaking News: World, USA, Europe, Asia and Israel.
- Haaretz Daily Newspaper, News from Israel in English.
- Israel national news, News from Israel in English.
- MOVING UP: An Aliyah Journal, the new book, is an upbeat account about Aliyah and life in Israel.
- History of the Jewish people (basic things)
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- ↑ "When will be the right time for Israel to define its borders? – analysis". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 12 June 2022. Archived from the original on 25 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
- ↑ "Zionism | Definition, History, Examples, & Facts". britannica.com (in English). 2023-10-19. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 2023-10-29.
- ↑ "Localities and Population, by Population Group, District, Sub-District and Natural Region" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 15 September 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2023.