The nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily is composed of a wide range of receptors involved ... more The nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily is composed of a wide range of receptors involved in a myriad of important biological processes, including development, growth, metabolism, and maintenance. Regulation of such wide variety of functions requires a complex system of gene regulation that includes interaction with transcription factors, chromatin-modifying complex, and the proper recognition of ligands. NHRs are able to coordinate the expression of genes in numerous pathways simultaneously. This review focuses on the role of nuclear receptors in the central nervous system and, in particular, their role in regulating the proper development and function of the brain and the eye. In addition, the review highlights the impact of mutations in NHRs on a spectrum of human diseases from autism to retinal degeneration.
While methods to evaluate antioxidant capacity in animals exist, one problem with the models is i... more While methods to evaluate antioxidant capacity in animals exist, one problem with the models is induction of oxidative stress. It is necessary to promote a great enough challenge to induce measurable alterations to oxidative parameters while ensuring the protocol is compatible with animal welfare. The aim of the present study was to evaluate caged transport as a viable short-term stress that would significantly affect oxidative parameters. Twenty adult Beagle dogs, maintained on the same diet for 60 d prior to the transport, were included in the study. To simulate the stress, the dogs were housed in pairs in transport cages (1·0 m × 1·0 m × 1·5 m), placed on a truck coupled to a trailer and transported for a period of 15 min. Blood collection was performed immediately before and again 3 h after the transportation to evaluate oxidative parameters in blood serum, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), sequestration activity of the ...
Among bacterial infections associated with hepatic cirrhosis, the most common is spontaneous bact... more Among bacterial infections associated with hepatic cirrhosis, the most common is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Despite different protective measures, such as early diagnosis, therapy with albumin and the introduction of new antibiotics, the prognosis of these patients remains poor, with a mortality rate of 20-40%. In this context, the identification of patients with increased risk of death is extremely important for improving the prognosis. Thus, there is growing interest for studying the effects and mechanisms of oxidative stress, considering the requirements for identifying new substances with hepatoprotective functions and reducing various adverse effects. In this study, we assessed oxidative stress markers, the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the marker of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), in the serum and ascitic fluid in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and SBP, in patients diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis with ascites and...
Hair ingested by licking during cat grooming can eventually coalesce into solid masses in cat gas... more Hair ingested by licking during cat grooming can eventually coalesce into solid masses in cat gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that dietary fibre might reduce formation of these trichobezoars (hairballs). The effects of two insoluble fibre sources added to kibble diets were evaluated with respect to trichobezoar faecal excretion. Thirty-two cats and four diets were used in a randomised block design: a control diet without additional fibre, 10 % added sugarcane fibre, 20 % added sugarcane fibre or 10 % added cellulose. Animals were fed for 42 d and during three separate periods (days 15–17, 25–27 and 40–42), the cats were housed individually in metabolic cages and their faeces were totally collected. The faeces were evaluated and the trichobezoars were isolated and classified into small (<1 cm), medium (1·1–2 cm) or large (>2·1 cm). Means were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA and contrasts (P < 0·05). Cats fed sugarcane fibre shown a linear reduction of small and m...
To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) and dynamic con... more To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR (DCEMR) in the depiction of local prostate cancer recurrence in patients with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy (RP). 1H-MRSI and DCEMR were performed in 70 patients at high risk of local recurrence after RP. The population was divided on the basis of the clinical validation of MR results with the use of a transrectal ultrasound biopsy examination in a group of 50 patients (group A) and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum level restitution after external beam radiotherapy, in a group of 20 patients (group B). In group A, 1H-MRSI analysis alone showed a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 88%; the DCEMR analysis alone, a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 94%; combined 1HMRSI-DCEMR, a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 94%. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for 1HMRSI, DCEMR, and combined 1HMRSI /DCEMR were 0.942, 0.93,1 and 0.964, respectively. In group B, 1HMRSI alone showed a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 83%; DCEMR, a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 100%; combined 1HMRSI and DCEMR, a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 100%. Areas under the ROC curve for each of these groups were 0.81, 0.923, and 0.94, respectively. Our results show that combined 1H-MRSI and DCMRE is an accurate method to identify local prostate cancer recurrence in patients with biochemical progression after RP.
This paper provides firm-level evidence that credit constraints restrict international trade flow... more This paper provides firm-level evidence that credit constraints restrict international trade flows and affect the pattern of foreign direct investment. Using detailed data from China, we show that foreign-owned affiliates and joint ventures have better export performance than ...
The objective of this paper is to investigate how changes in the Greenlandic family structure and... more The objective of this paper is to investigate how changes in the Greenlandic family structure and perceived difficulties in communicating with parents affect the prevalence of alcohol consumption and the risk of drunkenness among schoolchildren. The survey was carried out in February 1998 in all schools in Greenland in the context of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study. Altogether 3,081 questionnaires were returned, which gave a response rate of 68% of the total study population. The present sample consists of 1,648 students, 826 boys and 822 girls in the age groups 11, 13 and 15 years. Descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model were applied. The results showed that the risk of drinking alcohol among Greenlandic schoolchildren increased when they were living in a broken/restructured family setting, as a single mother home or living with mother and a stepfather. This risk was higher when communication with parents was regarded by the children as being poor. The risk of drunkenness increased with age. Different age groups are influenced by different factors as regards their drinking behaviour. The analysis showed that alcohol drinking rose when children were living in broken families but neither gender differences of influencial factors to being drunk nor differences in drinking behaviour between social classes were found.
Introdução: a febre é o sintôma mais comum em pediatria. Estudos prévios evidenciaram diversidade... more Introdução: a febre é o sintôma mais comum em pediatria. Estudos prévios evidenciaram diversidade de critérios em relação ao diagnóstico e tratamento da febre na população. Objetivo: analisar qual é a conduta dos pediatras nesta situação. Metodología: foi feita uma pesquisa ...
... PIGMENTACIÓN DE BRÁCTEAS EN NOCHEBUENA. Juan Ayala Arreola. 1. , Ana Ma. ... In tulip (Tulipa... more ... PIGMENTACIÓN DE BRÁCTEAS EN NOCHEBUENA. Juan Ayala Arreola. 1. , Ana Ma. ... In tulip (Tulipa gesneriana), for ex-. ample, a Ca deficiency was associated to a decrease in. plant height (Nelson and Niedziela, 1998), probably be-. ...
The nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily is composed of a wide range of receptors involved ... more The nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) superfamily is composed of a wide range of receptors involved in a myriad of important biological processes, including development, growth, metabolism, and maintenance. Regulation of such wide variety of functions requires a complex system of gene regulation that includes interaction with transcription factors, chromatin-modifying complex, and the proper recognition of ligands. NHRs are able to coordinate the expression of genes in numerous pathways simultaneously. This review focuses on the role of nuclear receptors in the central nervous system and, in particular, their role in regulating the proper development and function of the brain and the eye. In addition, the review highlights the impact of mutations in NHRs on a spectrum of human diseases from autism to retinal degeneration.
While methods to evaluate antioxidant capacity in animals exist, one problem with the models is i... more While methods to evaluate antioxidant capacity in animals exist, one problem with the models is induction of oxidative stress. It is necessary to promote a great enough challenge to induce measurable alterations to oxidative parameters while ensuring the protocol is compatible with animal welfare. The aim of the present study was to evaluate caged transport as a viable short-term stress that would significantly affect oxidative parameters. Twenty adult Beagle dogs, maintained on the same diet for 60 d prior to the transport, were included in the study. To simulate the stress, the dogs were housed in pairs in transport cages (1·0 m × 1·0 m × 1·5 m), placed on a truck coupled to a trailer and transported for a period of 15 min. Blood collection was performed immediately before and again 3 h after the transportation to evaluate oxidative parameters in blood serum, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), sequestration activity of the ...
Among bacterial infections associated with hepatic cirrhosis, the most common is spontaneous bact... more Among bacterial infections associated with hepatic cirrhosis, the most common is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Despite different protective measures, such as early diagnosis, therapy with albumin and the introduction of new antibiotics, the prognosis of these patients remains poor, with a mortality rate of 20-40%. In this context, the identification of patients with increased risk of death is extremely important for improving the prognosis. Thus, there is growing interest for studying the effects and mechanisms of oxidative stress, considering the requirements for identifying new substances with hepatoprotective functions and reducing various adverse effects. In this study, we assessed oxidative stress markers, the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the marker of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), in the serum and ascitic fluid in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and SBP, in patients diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis with ascites and...
Hair ingested by licking during cat grooming can eventually coalesce into solid masses in cat gas... more Hair ingested by licking during cat grooming can eventually coalesce into solid masses in cat gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that dietary fibre might reduce formation of these trichobezoars (hairballs). The effects of two insoluble fibre sources added to kibble diets were evaluated with respect to trichobezoar faecal excretion. Thirty-two cats and four diets were used in a randomised block design: a control diet without additional fibre, 10 % added sugarcane fibre, 20 % added sugarcane fibre or 10 % added cellulose. Animals were fed for 42 d and during three separate periods (days 15–17, 25–27 and 40–42), the cats were housed individually in metabolic cages and their faeces were totally collected. The faeces were evaluated and the trichobezoars were isolated and classified into small (<1 cm), medium (1·1–2 cm) or large (>2·1 cm). Means were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA and contrasts (P < 0·05). Cats fed sugarcane fibre shown a linear reduction of small and m...
To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) and dynamic con... more To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR (DCEMR) in the depiction of local prostate cancer recurrence in patients with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy (RP). 1H-MRSI and DCEMR were performed in 70 patients at high risk of local recurrence after RP. The population was divided on the basis of the clinical validation of MR results with the use of a transrectal ultrasound biopsy examination in a group of 50 patients (group A) and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum level restitution after external beam radiotherapy, in a group of 20 patients (group B). In group A, 1H-MRSI analysis alone showed a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 88%; the DCEMR analysis alone, a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 94%; combined 1HMRSI-DCEMR, a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 94%. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for 1HMRSI, DCEMR, and combined 1HMRSI /DCEMR were 0.942, 0.93,1 and 0.964, respectively. In group B, 1HMRSI alone showed a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 83%; DCEMR, a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 100%; combined 1HMRSI and DCEMR, a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 100%. Areas under the ROC curve for each of these groups were 0.81, 0.923, and 0.94, respectively. Our results show that combined 1H-MRSI and DCMRE is an accurate method to identify local prostate cancer recurrence in patients with biochemical progression after RP.
This paper provides firm-level evidence that credit constraints restrict international trade flow... more This paper provides firm-level evidence that credit constraints restrict international trade flows and affect the pattern of foreign direct investment. Using detailed data from China, we show that foreign-owned affiliates and joint ventures have better export performance than ...
The objective of this paper is to investigate how changes in the Greenlandic family structure and... more The objective of this paper is to investigate how changes in the Greenlandic family structure and perceived difficulties in communicating with parents affect the prevalence of alcohol consumption and the risk of drunkenness among schoolchildren. The survey was carried out in February 1998 in all schools in Greenland in the context of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study. Altogether 3,081 questionnaires were returned, which gave a response rate of 68% of the total study population. The present sample consists of 1,648 students, 826 boys and 822 girls in the age groups 11, 13 and 15 years. Descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model were applied. The results showed that the risk of drinking alcohol among Greenlandic schoolchildren increased when they were living in a broken/restructured family setting, as a single mother home or living with mother and a stepfather. This risk was higher when communication with parents was regarded by the children as being poor. The risk of drunkenness increased with age. Different age groups are influenced by different factors as regards their drinking behaviour. The analysis showed that alcohol drinking rose when children were living in broken families but neither gender differences of influencial factors to being drunk nor differences in drinking behaviour between social classes were found.
Introdução: a febre é o sintôma mais comum em pediatria. Estudos prévios evidenciaram diversidade... more Introdução: a febre é o sintôma mais comum em pediatria. Estudos prévios evidenciaram diversidade de critérios em relação ao diagnóstico e tratamento da febre na população. Objetivo: analisar qual é a conduta dos pediatras nesta situação. Metodología: foi feita uma pesquisa ...
... PIGMENTACIÓN DE BRÁCTEAS EN NOCHEBUENA. Juan Ayala Arreola. 1. , Ana Ma. ... In tulip (Tulipa... more ... PIGMENTACIÓN DE BRÁCTEAS EN NOCHEBUENA. Juan Ayala Arreola. 1. , Ana Ma. ... In tulip (Tulipa gesneriana), for ex-. ample, a Ca deficiency was associated to a decrease in. plant height (Nelson and Niedziela, 1998), probably be-. ...
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