Papers by Begoña Martínez-jarreta
PubMed, Nov 1, 2022
Background: Psychometric symptom validity instruments (SVTs) can be vulnerable to coaching, which... more Background: Psychometric symptom validity instruments (SVTs) can be vulnerable to coaching, which can negatively affect their performance. Our aim was to assess the impact that different types of coaching may have on the sensitivity of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS). Methods: A simulation design was used with 232 non-clinical adults divided into five experimental simulation conditions and 58 patients with anxious-depressive symptomatology derived from a traffic accident. All simulators received a basic scenario and, in addition, the second group was instructed on the symptomatology, the third was warned about the risk of exaggerating the presentation, the fourth received a combination of the two previous groups and the fifth received specific training on SVTs. Results: The discriminative ability of the SIMS was higher in the basic and symptom information groups, and it decreased significantly in the specific training group on SVTs. Conclusions: SIMS seems not to be severely impacted by a variety of symptom coaching styles, although test coaching diminished its performance.
PubMed, Apr 1, 2021
Objective: It is biologically plausible that occupational and environmental pesticide exposure ma... more Objective: It is biologically plausible that occupational and environmental pesticide exposure may contribute to breast cancer risk. Persistent chemical compounds, such as pesticides, tend to be lipophilic and are detected in human breast milk and adipose tissue. Therefore, the present systematic review aims to clarify the gender difference in breast cancer concerning pesticide exposure. Materials and methods: A total of 70 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Results: From the studies analyzed, it was observed that exposure to pesticides could be a risk factor for breast cancer in women, in particular in young women and in women who experienced menarche at a young age. In contrast, no association was found for breast cancer in men. Female breast cancer is correlated with estrogen receptor-negative tumor characteristics. Breast cancer in men was no correlated with pesticide exposure. Conclusions: Breast cancer in women has been linked to estrogen receptor positivity, but this positivity appears to be inversely related to fertility. The estrogen-like effects of organochlorine pesticides could be the cause of the observed gender differences.
ICERI proceedings, Nov 1, 2019
Frontiers in Medicine, Nov 24, 2022
Introduction: Workplace violence is a social problem yet to be solved. Although it is present in ... more Introduction: Workplace violence is a social problem yet to be solved. Although it is present in virtually all work environments, its prevalence in healthcare settings stands out, being perceived as something inherent to the job. Most studies in this context have focused on user violence against professionals. However, it has been observed that violence among colleagues in these types of jobs is a risk factor for the health of workers and has rarely been studied as a whole. Among the main consequences of exposure to violence reported in the literature, burnout syndrome, depression, anxiety, or somatic problems have been among the most studied. On the one hand, some authors claim that being exposed to workplace violence can increase the associated physical and psychological pathology and lead to a picture congruent with burnout. On the other hand, it has been hypothesized that violence is associated with burnout, which can trigger physical and psychological symptoms. Taking into account this background, the aim of this study is to explore workplace violence in health personnel, symptomatology, and burnout syndrome through mediation models that allow us to know the interrelationships between the variables. Methods: A cross-sectional design with a double descriptive-associative strategy was used. The sample was composed of 950 nursing professionals from public hospitals. The scales of physical and non-physical violence from users to professionals HABS-U, personal, social, and occupational violence among co-workers using the Health Aggressive Behavior Scale-Co-workers and Superiors (HABS-CS) scale, the burnout scale Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) which evaluates professional Frontiers in Medicine 01 frontiersin.org Vidal-Alves et al. 10.3389/fmed.2022.1045574 exhaustion, efficacy and cynicism, and the factors referring to depression, anxiety, somatization, and dysfunction of the GHQ-28 scale were applied. In order to calculate the models, workplace violence was used as a predictor of symptomatology, using the burnout variables as mediators. Regression coefficients with and without mediation model, direct and standardized estimates were obtained. For statistical power, Bootstrap analysis was used to calculate direct mediation effects. Results: After controlling the mediation effects of burnout and cynicism, physical and non-physical user violence toward healthcare personnel were significant predictors of the GHQ-28 scores. These same results were obtained when assessing the relationship between social, occupational, and personal violence among co-workers and GHQ-28 scores. Conclusion: Our results contribute to increase the evidence about the effects of violence on the health of professionals and to advance in the characterization of the possible consequent psychological damage. Regardless of the type of violence experienced, exposure to violence can lead to anxious, depressive or somatization symptoms, among others. Violence is also a predictor of burnout syndrome, which in turn accentuates the rest of the consequences studied. Despite the limitations of the proposed model, these results serve to highlight the complexity of the situation experienced by healthcare professionals. Moreover, it serves as a basis for proposing intervention/prevention programs to raise awareness and protect professionals from these risks. To this end, self-care tools should be proposed with which professionals take care of their own health through the management of violent situations and/or the improvement of occupational health.
Analysis of variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) loci is widely used for individualization at... more Analysis of variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) loci is widely used for individualization at the DNA level in forensic testing (1).The VNTR locus D1S80 was first isolated and identified by Nakamura et al (2) and successfully amplified by the PCR (3).This is probably one of the most commonly used PCR systems in forensic laboratories and so more population data are available (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11).
Medicina Clínica (english Edition), Aug 1, 2021
Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series, Dec 1, 2015
DNA samples of hundred ten unrelated anonymized male individuals living in province of Entre Rios... more DNA samples of hundred ten unrelated anonymized male individuals living in province of Entre Rios, Argentina, were genotyped using Investigador Argus X-12 system (Qiagen) for 12 STRs in four haplogroups. The frequency of most common haplotype was 0.02727, 0.06364, 0.03636, and 0.03636 for haplogroups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The Match Probability was 6.0E-08 and the mean exclusion chance was 0.999999936. This work presents the first haplotype frequency data for Investigator Argus X-12 system in a population of Argentina. 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Jan 13, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Vaccines, May 15, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Frontiers in Public Health, Sep 21, 2022
Archaeometry, Apr 20, 2017
The remains of 20 individuals buried in three different pantheons, putatively pertaining to the m... more The remains of 20 individuals buried in three different pantheons, putatively pertaining to the medieval Royal House of Aragon, were analysed for their isotope (14 C, 13 C and 15 N) measurements. The radiocarbon dates and stable isotope data contributed to identifying individual members and, combined with additional osteological and taphonomic information, as well as documentary evidence, provided a fuller picture of the diets and life histories of particular people. This group comprised the first members of a royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Aragon before the Spanish Crown was established, and that played a significant role in the reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim control, this being of paramount importance in the Spanish and European history.
Occupational Medicine, Apr 1, 2018
informed on them and 45,1% stated to be aware of Occupational Diseases notification systems. Anot... more informed on them and 45,1% stated to be aware of Occupational Diseases notification systems. Another challenge to overcome is the poor communication between private companies and the public health system. Discussion This study adds the Spanish perspective to an issue that is being deeply measured in Europe, and possibly pointing towards the need of promoting integrative approaches that involve Health and Work Administration and private firms, etc., in Early Detection of New and Emerging Occupational Risks.
Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, Sep 1, 2022
International Congress Series, Apr 1, 2004
Y-chromosomal microsatellites (STRs) are proven to be useful in forensic practice but large and d... more Y-chromosomal microsatellites (STRs) are proven to be useful in forensic practice but large and diverse population databases are required in order to facilitate the statistical evaluation of donor-stain matches. Here we present frequencies of a nine-STR loci set (DYS19, DYS388, DYS390, DYS392, DYS393, GATA A71, GATA A10, DYS 439 and GATA H4) in the population of El Salvador (San Salvador, Central America). Blood samples were taken from 120 healthy unrelated male individuals born and living in El Salvador (San Salvador, Central America). DNA was isolated from the samples using standard phenol-chloroform extraction method. Each locus was amplified individually, except for GATA A71, GATA A10, DYS 439 and GATA H4 (PCR-multiplex system). Detection of the amplified products was carried out using the Automatic Laser Fluorescent (ALF) DNA sequencer (Amersham Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden). The recommendations of the International Society for Forensic Genetics were followed for typing and interpretation. A total of 119 different haplotypes identified by the nine loci markers were observed. The overall haplotype diversity was 0.9998.
Disease Markers, 2008
Polymorphisms in CYP3A genes, such as CYP3A5 and CYP3A4, as well as in the MDR1 gene, which encod... more Polymorphisms in CYP3A genes, such as CYP3A5 and CYP3A4, as well as in the MDR1 gene, which encodes for P-glycoprotein, have been implicated as genetic markers in several disorders. Differences in the frequency distribution of the allelic variants CYP3A5*3, CYP3A4*1B, and MDR1 3435T have been demonstrated between distinct ethnic groups. In this study we examined the frequency of these allelic variants in 317 healthy Mestizo individuals from Ecuador and made comparisons with results reported in the literature. The genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP. Allele and genotype differences were studied by chi-square test. The MDR1 T allele frequency was similar to that of Spaniard or Asian populations, which is consistent with the ethnic origin of Ecuadorian Mestizo individuals (Amerindian and Spaniard Caucasians). By contrast, the CYP3A5*3 allele frequency was significantly lower in Ecuadorians than in Spaniards and other white populations and higher than in Central Americans, Asians and blacks. CYP3A4*1B was more common in Ecuadorians than in Caucasian or Asian populations but less present than in blacks. The differences in the polymorphism found in this work should be considered in allele-disease association studies.
The Cochrane library, Sep 8, 2020
Background Workplace aggression constitutes a serious issue for healthcare workers and organizati... more Background Workplace aggression constitutes a serious issue for healthcare workers and organizations. Aggression is tied to physical and mental health issues at an individual level, as well as to absenteeism, decreased productivity or quality of work, and high employee turnover rates at an organizational level. To counteract these negative impacts, organizations have used a variety of interventions, including education and training, to provide workers with the knowledge and skills needed to prevent aggression. Objectives To assess the e ectiveness of education and training interventions that aim to prevent and minimize workplace aggression directed toward healthcare workers by patients and patient advocates. Search methods CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, six other databases and five trial registers were searched from their inception to June 2020 together with reference checking, citation searching and contact with study authors to identify additional studies. Selection criteria Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cluster-randomized controlled trials (CRCTs), and controlled before and a er studies (CBAs) that investigated the e ectiveness of education and training interventions targeting aggression prevention for healthcare workers. Data collection and analysis Four review authors evaluated and selected the studies resulting from the search. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. Education and training for preventing and minimizing workplace aggression directed toward healthcare workers (Review)
Frontiers in Public Health, Jun 15, 2022
Background: Some studies indicate that at least one in four cases of workplace violence occurs in... more Background: Some studies indicate that at least one in four cases of workplace violence occurs in the health sector, with a higher incidence in Emergency Departments, Mental Health Services or Primary Care. Unlike other professional groups, healthcare workers perceive this type of behavior mainly from users or patients. This is the reason why both the detection of conflict between users and professionals and the ways to face and reduce these conflicts has been and is one of the main fields of study in this population. The aim of this study was to delve into the sources of conflict between users and professionals in Primary Care from the perspective of the professionals themselves. In addition, the aim was to explore the proposals for intervention/prevention of this conflict that the professionals perceived as necessary to improve the work environment. Methods: This study uses qualitative methodology conducting 8 focus groups with professionals related to Primary Health Care. The final sample was composed of 44 workers who were part of the regional management, labor unions, area coordinators, center coordinators and representatives of the professional groups of these centers (medicine, nursing and administration). Thematic analysis was used to extract topics and subtopics. Results: The results are divided into areas of conflict and intervention proposals. The professionals detect a lack of training or education in themselves, absence of functional multidisciplinary teams or competencies to improve the patient-professional relationship, among others. To address these shortcomings, they propose the creation of protocols for action in the face of aggression, the formation of spaces and channels of communication both among the center's own workers and between them and other organizations (e.g., hospitals), fostering a positive relationship with the user community and ongoing Pina et al. User Violence in Primary Care training in various topics such as self-safety, management of emotions, empathy or interpersonal communication. Conclusions: This study allows to highlight specific areas of user-professional conflict in Primary Care. Furthermore, the inclusion of intervention proposals by the professionals allows to propose starting points for the development of complete plans.
Frontiers in Public Health, Oct 28, 2022
Legal Medicine, Apr 1, 2009
Vitreous humour is routinely sampled in Forensic Medicine as several post-mortem analyses can be ... more Vitreous humour is routinely sampled in Forensic Medicine as several post-mortem analyses can be performed. However, it is not used for DNA analyses probably due to its scarce cellularity. In these samples, in which the study of nuclear DNA is difficult, the analysis of mtDNA is an alternative approach. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of vitreous humour for forensic identification purposes. Samples were collected during vitrectomy from retinopathy patients, in collection bags with saline solution. Blood samples were also obtained in order to contrast results. Before DNA organic extraction, several centrifugation steps were needed to concentrate the vitreous humour samples. Unlike blood, direct amplification of 400-bp fragments of the hipervariable regions I and II (HVI and HVII) was not successful, possibly due to damage to the DNA strand caused by the surgery conditions (UV radiation, oxidative stress). Therefore, amplification of two overlapping fragments for each control region was performed in vitreous humour. In order to eliminate undesired products, all samples were purified by an enzymatic method. Thereafter, mtDNA fragments were sequenced using dye terminators in a MegaBACE 500 capillary sequencer. Sequences of HVI and HVII of approximately 400 bp were obtained from all samples. The sequences obtained from each patient matched almost perfectly those from blood. In summary, herein we describe for the first time a methodology suitable for the mtDNA analysis of vitreous humour samples.
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Papers by Begoña Martínez-jarreta