Papers by Chiara Criscuolo
Objective: Laparoscopic surgery has been performed in many facilities in Japan since 2014. The ai... more Objective: Laparoscopic surgery has been performed in many facilities in Japan since 2014. The aim of this study was to evaluate the selection criteria of these cases for the treatment of endometrial cancer in our hospital, as well as to assess the complications and results of postoperative pathological diagnosis. Methods: Fifty-four patients diagnosed with stage IA endometrioid carcinoma (G1-G2) with a small tumor diameter during preoperative evaluation underwent laparoscopic surgery in our hospital between 2014 and 2018. Operation time, bleeding volume, number of lymph nodes removed, complications, and postoperative pathological diagnosis were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The median patient age was 56.5 years (range: 22-79 years), and the average BMI was 21.9 (range: 16.9-32.7). The median operation time was 217 minutes (range: 145-285 minutes), and the average volume of bleeding was 20 mL (range: 0-300 mL). The average number of lymph nodes removed was 17 (range: 1-42 lymph nodes). Postoperative complications were observed in 3 cases: a port site hernia, ileal and vaginal lymphatic leakage, and lymphocyst infection. A higher pathological grading occurred in 4 out of 54 cases following postoperative pathological assessment. No stage IVB cases were reported postoperatively.
RESUMÉ ............................................................................................. more RESUMÉ ................................................................................................................................... 2 FRONTIER FIRMS, TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION AND PUBLIC POLICY: MICRO EVIDENCE FROM OECD COUNTRIES .......................................................................................................................... 5
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, 2019
This paper was approved and declassified by the Committee on Industry, Innovation and Entrepreneu... more This paper was approved and declassified by the Committee on Industry, Innovation and Entrepreneurship on 14-15 November and was prepared for publication by the OECD Secretariat. This publication is a contribution to the OECD Going Digital project, which aims to provide policymakers with the tools they need to help their economies and societies prosper in an increasingly digital and data-driven world. For more information, visit www.oecd.org/going-digital. #GoingDigital Note to Delegations: This document is also available on ONE M&P under the reference code: DSTI/CIIE(2018)14/FINAL This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, 2016
Policy failures and regulations are a greater obstacle for start-ups than for incumbents Start-up... more Policy failures and regulations are a greater obstacle for start-ups than for incumbents Start-ups and young firms are the engine of job creation. OECD findings (see box on p. 3) show that the contribution of young firms to job creation is much higher than their share in total employment (Figure 1). On average, firms five years old or younger account for only 21% of total employment, but are responsible for 47% of job creation. The aggregate figure, however, masks a fair degree of heterogeneity: it is only a tiny fraction of start-ups that substantially contribute to job creation, while the majority either fail in the first years of activity, or remain very small. For instance, Figure 2 shows that out of 100 micro start-ups entering the market in a given year, after five years 26 to 58 are not active, 36 to 71 have still less than 10 employees, and only 1 to 8 have 10 employees or more. This is not a new finding: a growing number of studies have shown that the majority of small start-ups remain small and are likely founded by so-called subsistence entrepreneurs, 1 where firm growth is not a key objective. However, the tiny proportion of transformational entrepreneurs' start-ups that do grow-on average 4% of all micro start-ups-creates a disproportionate amount of new jobs: out of 100 jobs created or destroyed by micro start-ups over a five year window, between 22 (the Netherlands) and 53 (France) newly created jobs come from this group. The rapid scaling up of a small number of very successful start-ups is therefore one of the main drivers of aggregate employment growth.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2005
We study the productivity of US and other foreign owned plants in the UK. Using a new dataset tha... more We study the productivity of US and other foreign owned plants in the UK. Using a new dataset that can identify for the first time domestic UK MNEs in such a study, we find that UK MNEs are less productive than US affiliates, but as productive as non US foreign affiliates. Exploiting dynamic variation in our data, we find evidence suggesting that this additional US advantage is due to the takeover of already highly productive UK plants rather than the sharing of superior firm specific assets. The study also features a novel approach to TFP calculation.
This paper explores the role of knowledge flows and TFP growth by using direct survey data on kno... more This paper explores the role of knowledge flows and TFP growth by using direct survey data on knowledge flows linked to firm-level TFP growth data. Our knowledge flow data correspond to the kind of information flows often argued, especially by policy-makers, as important, such as within the firm, or from suppliers, purchasers, universities and competitors. We examine three questions (a) What is the source of knowledge flows? (b) To what extent do such flows contribute to productivity growth? (c) Do such flows constitute a spillover flow of free knowledge? Our evidence show that the main sources of knowledge are competitors; suppliers; plants that belong to the same group and universities. We conclude that the main "free" information flow spillover is from competitors and that multinational presence may be a proximate source of this spillover.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, 2013
The OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (www.oecd.org/sti) develops evidence-ba... more The OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (www.oecd.org/sti) develops evidence-based policy advice on the contribution of science, technology and industry to wellbeing and economic growth. STI Policy Papers cover a broad range of topics, including industry and globalisation, innovation and entrepreneurship, scientific R&D and emerging technologies. These reports are officially declassified by an OECD Committee.
Why do some firms create more knowledge than others? This question is typically answered in macro... more Why do some firms create more knowledge than others? This question is typically answered in macro and industrial-organization literatures with reference to a production-function model in which new ideas spring from the interaction of researchers and the existing stock of knowledge. But there is very little empirical evidence on production functions for new ideas. In this paper we estimate knowledge production functions for a cross-section of U.K. firms covering their operations from 1998 through 2000. We focus in particular on the hypothesis from the trade literature that globally engaged firms-either multinationals or exporters-have access to larger knowledge stocks. We find that globally engaged firms do generate more ideas than their purely domestic counterparts. This is not just because they use more researchers. Importantly, it is also because they have access to a larger stock of ideas through two main sources: their upstream and downstream contacts with suppliers and customers, and, for multinationals, their intra-firm worldwide pool of information.
Raising national productivity is a key aim of the government. But the evidence concerning product... more Raising national productivity is a key aim of the government. But the evidence concerning productivity trends used in successive Budgets and Pre-Budget Reports (PBR) has been largely macroeconomic in nature, most notably in international comparisons of productivity ...
Previous research has shown that multinationals (MNEs) and in particular US-owned plants, are mor... more Previous research has shown that multinationals (MNEs) and in particular US-owned plants, are more productive than domestic ones. Existing evidence for the UK has shown that this US advantage is explained by US MNES picking the best plants to takeover and by US owned plants getting higher returns from ICT capital. One possible explanation for the MNE and US advantage is the existence of economies of scale and of scope. However, due to lack of necessary data, this hypothesis could not be tested. This study is ...
Journal of International Economics, 2011
We provide a novel set of stylized facts on …rms engaging in international trade in services, usi... more We provide a novel set of stylized facts on …rms engaging in international trade in services, using unique …rm-level data on service exports and imports from the world's second largest service exporter, the United Kingdom. Less than 10% of …rms trade in services but they can be found in all sectors of the UK economy. While the service sector accounts for over 80% of total exports and imports, the frequency and trade intensity of service traders is often higher in sectors such as high-tech manufacturing. Service traders are bigger, more productive and are more likely to be foreign owned or part of a multinational enterprise. These 'trade premia'are smaller for service traders than for goods traders, with the exception of skill intensity which is higher for service traders. There are also signi…cant di¤erences between exporters and importers of services. Service exporters are smaller and less capital intensive but more productive and skill intensive than service importers. We show that most …rms only export or import a single type of service and trade with a small number of countries. Trade volume, employment, turnover and value added are highly concentrated among a small group of …rms which trade with many countries and/or in many types of services. Interestingly, trade is also concentrated within …rms. The top export and import destination make up 70% of the average …rm's total trade and the top services type around 90%. We also decompose the cross-sectional variation in …rm exports and imports of services into the extensive and intensive margins of trade and …nd that the intensive margin accounts for around 70% of the total variation.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
This paper describes the coverage and representativeness of Orbis, a commercial database of firm-... more This paper describes the coverage and representativeness of Orbis, a commercial database of firm-level records across many countries. Such databases can provide key insights into global economic trends and shed light on how policies affect firms within and across countries. As a benchmark, the paper uses industry-level data from the OECD STAN dataset as well as micro-aggregated data from the OECD MultiProd and DynEmp projects, which draw on official microdata representative of the entire firm population. Results indicate that Orbis is more suitable for studies that: i) take a global perspective rather than make comparisons across countries; ii) analyse top performers and multinationals rather than underperforming firms; and iii) focus on mean performance or changes within firms rather than the entire firm distribution or entry and exit.
The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata
In this article, we introduce a new command, dynemp, that implements a distributed microdata anal... more In this article, we introduce a new command, dynemp, that implements a distributed microdata analysis of business and employment dynamics and firm demographics. As its data source, dynemp requires business registers or comparable firm-or establishment-level longitudinal databases that cover the (near-)universe of companies in all business sectors. Access to such confidential data is usually restricted, and the microlevel data cannot be brought together to a single platform for crosscountry analysis. To solve this confidentiality problem while also maintaining a high level of harmonization of the key economic concepts, dynemp can be distributed in a network of researchers who have access to the national confidential microdata. This way, the rich firm-level employment dynamics can be analyzed from new angles (such as firm age and size), significantly expanding the scope of analyses relying only on more aggregated data.
OECD Productivity Working Papers, 2016
The OECD Productivity Working Paper Series is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-Ge... more The OECD Productivity Working Paper Series is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. OECD Productivity Working Papers should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries. The opinions expressed and arguments employed are those of the author(s). OECD PRODUCTIVITY WORKING PAPERS The OECD Productivity Working Papers are associated with the Global Forum on Productivity that provides a forum for mutual exchange of information and fosters international cooperation between public bodies with responsibility for promoting productivity-enhancing policies, including in undertaking joint policy analysis. It offers a platform for exchanging views, experiences and information, institutional and governance arrangements and government structures, with a view towards developing better policies. The Forum extends existing work in the OECD through a well-prioritised and coherent stream of analytical work serving the policy research needs of participants on the drivers of productivity growth.
Small Business Economics, 2016
Exploiting a novel database recently built from national business registers by the OECD with the ... more Exploiting a novel database recently built from national business registers by the OECD with the support of an international network of experts, this paper investigates the growth dynamics of micro-firms (employing less than 10 workers) across 16 countries. Results show that only a small proportion of micro-firms manage to grow beyond ten employees, but those contribute disproportionately to job creation. Econometric analysis focusing in particular to the role of age confirms that young micro-firmsespecially those below three years of ageare much more likely to grow above 10 employees than older firms.
OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, 2016
This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty o... more This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.
United Kingdom Stata Users Group Meetings 2002, May 11, 2002
A series of studies in a number of countries have found that foreign-owned firms are more product... more A series of studies in a number of countries have found that foreign-owned firms are more productive than domestic firms. However, almost all this work compares foreign firms-which are, by definition, multinationals-with all domestic firms. This paper analyses for the first time in the UK the relative productivity performance of foreign-owned manufacturing firms and UK manufacturing firms split into UK Multinationals and UK pure domestic firms. This was not possible before because none of the datasets used for productivity analysis distinguished ...
This Discussion Paper is issued under the auspices of the Centre's research programme in LABOUR E... more This Discussion Paper is issued under the auspices of the Centre's research programme in LABOUR ECONOMICS. Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the Centre for Economic Policy Research. Research disseminated by CEPR may include views on policy, but the Centre itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Centre for Economic Policy Research was established in 1983 as a private educational charity, to promote independent analysis and public discussion of open economies and the relations among them. It is pluralist and non-partisan, bringing economic research to bear on the analysis of medium-and long-run policy questions. Institutional (core) finance for the Centre has been provided through major grants from the Economic and Social Research Council, under which an ESRC Resource Centre operates within CEPR; the Esmée Fairbairn Charitable Trust; and the Bank of England. These organizations do not give prior review to the Centre's publications, nor do they necessarily endorse the views expressed therein. These Discussion Papers often represent preliminary or incomplete work, circulated to encourage discussion and comment. Citation and use of such a paper should take account of its provisional character.
Oecd Science Technology and Industry Working Papers, Jun 6, 2013
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Papers by Chiara Criscuolo