The sharptooth fish Clarias gariepinus is widespread throughout tropical swamps, lakes, and river... more The sharptooth fish Clarias gariepinus is widespread throughout tropical swamps, lakes, and rivers in Africa. Among the parasites related to this fish, there is a large number of helminths. This study investigated the most abundant helminths from C. gariepinus comprising two Nematoda and one Cestoda species, and aimed to provide prevalence, seasonal fluctuation, and analytic-specific description of these parasites. Fish were collected from Agonlin-Lowé and investigated for parasites over 12 months. Of the 339 specimens of C. gariepinus examined, 1,207 individuals of the nematodes Paracamallanus sp. (Paracamallanidae) and Rhabdochona sp. (Rhabdochonidae) were collected. For the cestode Tetracampos sp. (Bothriocephalidae), 294 individuals were identified. A short description was performed for each parasite species based on micrographs provided by photomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The total prevalence was found to be 80.53% comprising 72.56% of C. gariepinus infected by at least two parasites among the three investigated. No significant difference was revealed in seasonal parasite occurrence either in males (χ2 = 2.241; df = 3; p = 0.524) or in females (χ2 = 0.287; df = 3; p = 0.962). Climatic season change did not influence host infection neither in sexes nor in body weight. Water physicochemical quality is not correlated with infection prevalence. Helminthes infecting C. gariepinus are mostly represented by these three species. Their prevalence was not influenced by environmental or fish morphometric parameters. The specific identification should be improved with genetics.
Background. Pedalium murex (P. murex) is used in folk medicine for treatment of male infertility.... more Background. Pedalium murex (P. murex) is used in folk medicine for treatment of male infertility. However, scientific data on its safety are limited. Objective. This study was carried out to assess the acute and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity of the aqueous extracts from P. murex leafy stem and fruit in Wistar rats. Methods. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the line 423 of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 3). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were given at a single dose, 5000 mg/kg of each extract. The repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity was performed according to the line 407 of the OECD guidelines. 35 rats divided into 7 groups of 5 male rats each were daily treated for 28 days with each extract at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. The in-life parameters were recorded during the follow-up. At the end of this...
ABSTRACT Naive and chronically infected CBA mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae an... more ABSTRACT Naive and chronically infected CBA mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae and biopsied at varying times thereafter to provide skin samples for light and electron microscopy. The epidermis and dermis doubled in thickness in both groups; this change occurred within 3 h in immune mice and by 48 h in controls. Immune skin showed a 5-fold increase in total thickness by 72 h. Primary reaction sites were characterised by neutrophil infiltrates but in immune mice, eosinophils replaced neutrophils by day 2. Granulocytic micro-abscesses formed in the epidermis in both naive and immune skin; they entrapped cast cercarial tails and schistosomula and were eventually sloughed from the skin surface. An early loss of challenge parasites may occur in this way. Not all penetrated schistosomula completed transformation by developing the double outer membrane and these may constitute additional casualties. Schistosomula in immune but not naive skin were invested by a surface coat; this is suggested to represent an antigen/antibody complex. Significant numbers of larvae in immune skins were associated with intact granulocytes or free eosinophil granules and dead, infiltrated parasites occurred in the dermis. Such individuals may account for the additional attrition recorded in immune mice. Mast cells became associated with granulocytes in both groups of animals; they degranulated by simple exocytosis in naive skin but compound exocytosis in immune skin.
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021
Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on ... more Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on their safety for use are essential for the control of adverse drug effects. In Benin, Caesalpinia bonduc is one of many medicinal plants used as aphrodisiac, and for treatment of various ailments including prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its numerous ethnomedicinal benefits, toxicological information associated with its chronic use is currently limited. Objective. The present study therefore assessed the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in Wistar rats. Methods. Caesalpinia bonduc root extract was administered by oral gavage at doses of 31.25, 125, and 500 mg/kg/day for 90 days to male Wistar rats, after which body weight changes, food consumption, urinary parameters, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weights changes, gross pathology, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. There were no death or abnormal clinical signs, no ...
This study is the first to provide information on the parasite fauna of Sardinella maderensis alo... more This study is the first to provide information on the parasite fauna of Sardinella maderensis along the coasts of Benin and Ghana, and the first to investigate the potential use of parasites as biological tags in fish population studies in the area. It may thus serve as a starting point for upcoming studies. From February to June 2021, a total of 200 S. maderensis were sampled from the fishing port of Cotonou (Benin) and the Elmina landing site (Ghana). The prevalence and abundance of each parasite were recorded. The following are the outcomes of this study: Parasite species, such as Parahemiurus merus, Mazocraeoides sp. and Hysterothylacium fortalezae, were recorded along the coasts of Benin and Ghana, while Anisakis sp(p). and Tentacularia coryphaenae were only recorded along the coast of Benin. Parahemiurus merus was the most prevalent and abundant among all the parasites recorded. Anisakis sp(p). and T. coryphaenae were selected as having potential in the stock identification of...
International journal of multidisciplinary and current research, 2015
Surface waters are highly contaminated by solid and liquid wastes coming from anthropogenic activ... more Surface waters are highly contaminated by solid and liquid wastes coming from anthropogenic activities. Wastewaters thrown out without purification contribute actively to microbiological pollution of these aquatic areas. In the current study, the fecal contamination level of Cotonou lagoon water has been assessed. Six stations have been sampled and fecal pollution indicator bacteria have been numbered using seeding method by incorporation in specific nutritious media. The registered mean bacterial loads were 3.14.10 3 ± 2.12.10 3 CFU/100 mL, 1.10.10 4 ± 7.11.10 3 CFU/100 mL, 4.03.10 3 ± 3.82.10 3 CFU/100 mL and 1.61.10 3 ± 2.11.10 3 CFU/100 mL for E. coli, total coliforms, fecal streptococci and anaerobic sulphite reducers respectively. These values have exceeded widely standards recommended for safe recreational waters. Therefore, Cotonou lagoon waters were highly contaminated owing to unchecked discharge of feces and urban effluents. It is urgent to strengthen basic sanitation fac...
International journal of multidisciplinary and current research, 2017
In order to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in anima... more In order to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption, aquaculture required suitable fish. Indeed, much interest has focused worldwide on tilapia species. In this study, three parasites previously described, Myxobolus zillii, M. dossoui and M. beninensis were recorded on Tilapia zillii and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron from Lake Nokoué (Bénin) from November 2011 to december 2012. The pathological investigation by electron microscopy revealed that the spores of M. zillii and M. dossoui were in direct contact with the cartilage of gill arch or filament but M. beninensis developed cysts within the connective tissue of gill arch. The mass of spores and continuous growth of cysts spark hollows in cartilage and connective tissues offering them the capacity to destroy these structures so that the physiological pivotal role of gill in respiratory function and ions balance might be disrupted. Among the 180 examined spe...
The need for more precise information on the effect of dry season on fish parasite communities in... more The need for more precise information on the effect of dry season on fish parasite communities in Benin lead us to undergo a focus during this season in one of the major sites of collection fry by fish farmers. Metazoan parasites were then inventoried in 166 specimens of catfishes which constituted of Clarias gariepinus , Clarias ebriensis , Synodontis schall , Synodontis nigrita , and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Teleostei: Siluridae). Those fishes were collected from fishermen of Agonlin-Lowe at the side of Oueme River in south Benin from November 2011 to March 2012. In total, 12 parasite species were listed comprising three Monogena ( Gyrodactylus sp., Synodontella sp., and Protoancylodiscoides chrysichthes ), three Cestoda ( Stoeksia pujehuni , Lytocestus sp., and Cestode indeterminate), five Nematoda ( Paracamallanus cyathopharynx , Procamallanus laevionchus , Cithariniella petterae , Synodontisia thelastomoides , and nematode indeterminate), and one indeterminated Copepod spec...
The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on int... more The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on intensive rearing of Clarias gariepinus production. The first phase of works, performed on 117 specimens of C. gariepinus consisted of the collection of oocysts of Coccidia which served as inoculum. The experimental phase was conducted on 81 juvenile of C. gariepinus divided into three groups (T, I and II) including 27 fish specimens per group. Group T served as control group; groups I and II were infected orally with respectively 600 and 500 oocysts from the inoculum. The results show a high parasite load in adult specimens of C. gariepinus harvested in the wild. The collection of oocysts has allowed to identify four (04) species of Cyclospora and two (02) species of Eimeria. After infection of juvenile of C. gariepinus, the presence of lesions including intestinal congestion and stomach distension indicates the pathogenic effects of the infestation. The performance analysis showed that th...
International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research
The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on int... more The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on intensive rearing of Clarias gariepinus production. The first phase of works, performed on 117 specimens of C. gariepinus consisted of the collection of oocysts of Coccidia which served as inoculum. The experimental phase was conducted on 81 juvenile of C. gariepinus divided into three groups (T, I and II) including 27 fish specimens per group. Group T served as control group; groups I and II were infected orally with respectively 600 and 500 oocysts from the inoculum. The results show a high parasite load in adult specimens of C. gariepinus harvested in the wild. The collection of oocysts has allowed to identify four (04) species of Cyclospora and two (02) species of Eimeria. After infection of juvenile of C. gariepinus, the presence of lesions including intestinal congestion and stomach distension indicates the pathogenic effects of the infestation. The performance analysis showed that th...
Aquaculture appears nowadays as the best strategy for filling the gap between people’s demand for... more Aquaculture appears nowadays as the best strategy for filling the gap between people’s demand for animal protein and current captures of wild fishes. Achieving this goal requires the breeding of suitable fishes, especially Oreochromis niloticus whose consumption is very common in Benin. Whereas success of this fish species production required convenient conditions for the growth of the fishes without parasite trouble. Parasites of O. niloticus were investigated in three fish farms located in Southern Benin, from August to December 2014. A total of 525 specimens of O. niloticus were examined for the occurrence of external and internal parasites. Fish were monthly sampling during this period and water from these farms were also sampled for physico-chemical analyses. A total of 18 parasites taxa were recorded including only one protozoan (coccidia) and four metazoan parasites namely myxosporea, monogenea, cestodea and acanthocephala. There was no significant difference between the prev...
Diseases and parasitic infections are prominent constraint to cultured and wild fish. In order to... more Diseases and parasitic infections are prominent constraint to cultured and wild fish. In order tofill the gap between wild fish capture and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption, aquaculture is to be privileged; while this goal required suitable fishes such astilapia species and among them, Oreochromis niloticus is a special worldwide one. In this study, a total of 525 specimens of O. niloticus of different size and body weight were randomly collected from August to December 2014. Fish samples were done from three cultured fish farms located in the surrounding area of Cotonou at the South Benin. Fish were examined for external and internal parasites and water samples were collected and used for physicochemical analyses. The total prevalence was 32.38% with a maximal numberof 18 taxa recorded and among them, the only one protozoa (Coccidia) was recorded whereas Myxosporea, Monogenea, Cestoda and Acanthocephala were the collectedmetazoan parasites. Prevalence wa...
Fish culture is the best alternative to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated n... more Fish culture is the best alternative to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption. In West Africa, this goal required to have suitable fishes for aquaculture which are Clariidae and Tilapia. Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae) fetches a higher price than tilapias as it can be sold alive at the market but a high infestation by Henneguya leads to decrease this commercial value. Those reasons lead us to perform studies on seasonal variations, histopathological aspects and life cycle of Henneguya sp. infecting the intestine of C. gariepinus using light and electron microscope. From November 2011 to December 2012, 339 specimens were collected from Ouémé River (Benin) and examined. An overall prevalence of 7.37 % was recorded for plasmodia of Henneguya sp. Parasite occurrence did not vary significantly between seasons (χ2 = 12.235; df = 3; p > 0.05), nor sexes (χ2 = 2.992; df = 7; p > 0.05) while differences were significan...
Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on ... more Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on their safety for use are essential for the control of adverse drug effects. In Benin, Caesalpinia bonduc is one of many medicinal plants used as aphrodisiac, and for treatment of various ailments including prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its numerous ethnomedicinal benefits, toxicological information associated with its chronic use is currently limited. Objective. e present study therefore assessed the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in Wistar rats. Methods. Caesalpinia bonduc root extract was administered by oral gavage at doses of 31.25, 125, and 500 mg/kg/day for 90 days to male Wistar rats, after which body weight changes, food consumption, urinary parameters, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weights changes, gross pathology, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. ere were no death or abnormal clinical signs, no sign...
Mature female specimens of the catfish Clarias gariepinus originating from Ouémé River (Benin) we... more Mature female specimens of the catfish Clarias gariepinus originating from Ouémé River (Benin) were investigated into ovarian myxozoan parasites. Spores of Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) were found encrusted in the whitish color oocytes which present fat dot aspect in the gonads. The pathological investigation by electron microscopy revealed that maturation and multiplication of spores induced lytic action, deformation and dysfunction of the oocyte internal structures. No host inflammatory reaction was observed, while yolk, lipid, mitochondria, and other oocyte components were degenerated inducing empty area in the oocyte and could lead to castration in case of wide infestation. The mean prevalence was 19.79 %. No significant difference was observed within seasonal prevalence (χ(2) = 1.771; df = 3; p > 0.05). Though the host length classes ranging from 35 to 39 cm and 40 to 45 cm were more infected, difference was not significant (χ(2) = 2.273; df = 4; p > 0.05) within th...
The sharptooth fish Clarias gariepinus is widespread throughout tropical swamps, lakes, and river... more The sharptooth fish Clarias gariepinus is widespread throughout tropical swamps, lakes, and rivers in Africa. Among the parasites related to this fish, there is a large number of helminths. This study investigated the most abundant helminths from C. gariepinus comprising two Nematoda and one Cestoda species, and aimed to provide prevalence, seasonal fluctuation, and analytic-specific description of these parasites. Fish were collected from Agonlin-Lowé and investigated for parasites over 12 months. Of the 339 specimens of C. gariepinus examined, 1,207 individuals of the nematodes Paracamallanus sp. (Paracamallanidae) and Rhabdochona sp. (Rhabdochonidae) were collected. For the cestode Tetracampos sp. (Bothriocephalidae), 294 individuals were identified. A short description was performed for each parasite species based on micrographs provided by photomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The total prevalence was found to be 80.53% comprising 72.56% of C. gariepinus infected by at least two parasites among the three investigated. No significant difference was revealed in seasonal parasite occurrence either in males (χ2 = 2.241; df = 3; p = 0.524) or in females (χ2 = 0.287; df = 3; p = 0.962). Climatic season change did not influence host infection neither in sexes nor in body weight. Water physicochemical quality is not correlated with infection prevalence. Helminthes infecting C. gariepinus are mostly represented by these three species. Their prevalence was not influenced by environmental or fish morphometric parameters. The specific identification should be improved with genetics.
Background. Pedalium murex (P. murex) is used in folk medicine for treatment of male infertility.... more Background. Pedalium murex (P. murex) is used in folk medicine for treatment of male infertility. However, scientific data on its safety are limited. Objective. This study was carried out to assess the acute and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity of the aqueous extracts from P. murex leafy stem and fruit in Wistar rats. Methods. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the line 423 of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines. The rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 3). The control group received distilled water, while the experimental groups were given at a single dose, 5000 mg/kg of each extract. The repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity was performed according to the line 407 of the OECD guidelines. 35 rats divided into 7 groups of 5 male rats each were daily treated for 28 days with each extract at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. The in-life parameters were recorded during the follow-up. At the end of this...
ABSTRACT Naive and chronically infected CBA mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae an... more ABSTRACT Naive and chronically infected CBA mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae and biopsied at varying times thereafter to provide skin samples for light and electron microscopy. The epidermis and dermis doubled in thickness in both groups; this change occurred within 3 h in immune mice and by 48 h in controls. Immune skin showed a 5-fold increase in total thickness by 72 h. Primary reaction sites were characterised by neutrophil infiltrates but in immune mice, eosinophils replaced neutrophils by day 2. Granulocytic micro-abscesses formed in the epidermis in both naive and immune skin; they entrapped cast cercarial tails and schistosomula and were eventually sloughed from the skin surface. An early loss of challenge parasites may occur in this way. Not all penetrated schistosomula completed transformation by developing the double outer membrane and these may constitute additional casualties. Schistosomula in immune but not naive skin were invested by a surface coat; this is suggested to represent an antigen/antibody complex. Significant numbers of larvae in immune skins were associated with intact granulocytes or free eosinophil granules and dead, infiltrated parasites occurred in the dermis. Such individuals may account for the additional attrition recorded in immune mice. Mast cells became associated with granulocytes in both groups of animals; they degranulated by simple exocytosis in naive skin but compound exocytosis in immune skin.
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021
Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on ... more Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on their safety for use are essential for the control of adverse drug effects. In Benin, Caesalpinia bonduc is one of many medicinal plants used as aphrodisiac, and for treatment of various ailments including prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its numerous ethnomedicinal benefits, toxicological information associated with its chronic use is currently limited. Objective. The present study therefore assessed the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in Wistar rats. Methods. Caesalpinia bonduc root extract was administered by oral gavage at doses of 31.25, 125, and 500 mg/kg/day for 90 days to male Wistar rats, after which body weight changes, food consumption, urinary parameters, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weights changes, gross pathology, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. There were no death or abnormal clinical signs, no ...
This study is the first to provide information on the parasite fauna of Sardinella maderensis alo... more This study is the first to provide information on the parasite fauna of Sardinella maderensis along the coasts of Benin and Ghana, and the first to investigate the potential use of parasites as biological tags in fish population studies in the area. It may thus serve as a starting point for upcoming studies. From February to June 2021, a total of 200 S. maderensis were sampled from the fishing port of Cotonou (Benin) and the Elmina landing site (Ghana). The prevalence and abundance of each parasite were recorded. The following are the outcomes of this study: Parasite species, such as Parahemiurus merus, Mazocraeoides sp. and Hysterothylacium fortalezae, were recorded along the coasts of Benin and Ghana, while Anisakis sp(p). and Tentacularia coryphaenae were only recorded along the coast of Benin. Parahemiurus merus was the most prevalent and abundant among all the parasites recorded. Anisakis sp(p). and T. coryphaenae were selected as having potential in the stock identification of...
International journal of multidisciplinary and current research, 2015
Surface waters are highly contaminated by solid and liquid wastes coming from anthropogenic activ... more Surface waters are highly contaminated by solid and liquid wastes coming from anthropogenic activities. Wastewaters thrown out without purification contribute actively to microbiological pollution of these aquatic areas. In the current study, the fecal contamination level of Cotonou lagoon water has been assessed. Six stations have been sampled and fecal pollution indicator bacteria have been numbered using seeding method by incorporation in specific nutritious media. The registered mean bacterial loads were 3.14.10 3 ± 2.12.10 3 CFU/100 mL, 1.10.10 4 ± 7.11.10 3 CFU/100 mL, 4.03.10 3 ± 3.82.10 3 CFU/100 mL and 1.61.10 3 ± 2.11.10 3 CFU/100 mL for E. coli, total coliforms, fecal streptococci and anaerobic sulphite reducers respectively. These values have exceeded widely standards recommended for safe recreational waters. Therefore, Cotonou lagoon waters were highly contaminated owing to unchecked discharge of feces and urban effluents. It is urgent to strengthen basic sanitation fac...
International journal of multidisciplinary and current research, 2017
In order to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in anima... more In order to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption, aquaculture required suitable fish. Indeed, much interest has focused worldwide on tilapia species. In this study, three parasites previously described, Myxobolus zillii, M. dossoui and M. beninensis were recorded on Tilapia zillii and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron from Lake Nokoué (Bénin) from November 2011 to december 2012. The pathological investigation by electron microscopy revealed that the spores of M. zillii and M. dossoui were in direct contact with the cartilage of gill arch or filament but M. beninensis developed cysts within the connective tissue of gill arch. The mass of spores and continuous growth of cysts spark hollows in cartilage and connective tissues offering them the capacity to destroy these structures so that the physiological pivotal role of gill in respiratory function and ions balance might be disrupted. Among the 180 examined spe...
The need for more precise information on the effect of dry season on fish parasite communities in... more The need for more precise information on the effect of dry season on fish parasite communities in Benin lead us to undergo a focus during this season in one of the major sites of collection fry by fish farmers. Metazoan parasites were then inventoried in 166 specimens of catfishes which constituted of Clarias gariepinus , Clarias ebriensis , Synodontis schall , Synodontis nigrita , and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Teleostei: Siluridae). Those fishes were collected from fishermen of Agonlin-Lowe at the side of Oueme River in south Benin from November 2011 to March 2012. In total, 12 parasite species were listed comprising three Monogena ( Gyrodactylus sp., Synodontella sp., and Protoancylodiscoides chrysichthes ), three Cestoda ( Stoeksia pujehuni , Lytocestus sp., and Cestode indeterminate), five Nematoda ( Paracamallanus cyathopharynx , Procamallanus laevionchus , Cithariniella petterae , Synodontisia thelastomoides , and nematode indeterminate), and one indeterminated Copepod spec...
The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on int... more The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on intensive rearing of Clarias gariepinus production. The first phase of works, performed on 117 specimens of C. gariepinus consisted of the collection of oocysts of Coccidia which served as inoculum. The experimental phase was conducted on 81 juvenile of C. gariepinus divided into three groups (T, I and II) including 27 fish specimens per group. Group T served as control group; groups I and II were infected orally with respectively 600 and 500 oocysts from the inoculum. The results show a high parasite load in adult specimens of C. gariepinus harvested in the wild. The collection of oocysts has allowed to identify four (04) species of Cyclospora and two (02) species of Eimeria. After infection of juvenile of C. gariepinus, the presence of lesions including intestinal congestion and stomach distension indicates the pathogenic effects of the infestation. The performance analysis showed that th...
International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research
The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on int... more The study focused on the characterization and quantification of the effects of coccidiosis on intensive rearing of Clarias gariepinus production. The first phase of works, performed on 117 specimens of C. gariepinus consisted of the collection of oocysts of Coccidia which served as inoculum. The experimental phase was conducted on 81 juvenile of C. gariepinus divided into three groups (T, I and II) including 27 fish specimens per group. Group T served as control group; groups I and II were infected orally with respectively 600 and 500 oocysts from the inoculum. The results show a high parasite load in adult specimens of C. gariepinus harvested in the wild. The collection of oocysts has allowed to identify four (04) species of Cyclospora and two (02) species of Eimeria. After infection of juvenile of C. gariepinus, the presence of lesions including intestinal congestion and stomach distension indicates the pathogenic effects of the infestation. The performance analysis showed that th...
Aquaculture appears nowadays as the best strategy for filling the gap between people’s demand for... more Aquaculture appears nowadays as the best strategy for filling the gap between people’s demand for animal protein and current captures of wild fishes. Achieving this goal requires the breeding of suitable fishes, especially Oreochromis niloticus whose consumption is very common in Benin. Whereas success of this fish species production required convenient conditions for the growth of the fishes without parasite trouble. Parasites of O. niloticus were investigated in three fish farms located in Southern Benin, from August to December 2014. A total of 525 specimens of O. niloticus were examined for the occurrence of external and internal parasites. Fish were monthly sampling during this period and water from these farms were also sampled for physico-chemical analyses. A total of 18 parasites taxa were recorded including only one protozoan (coccidia) and four metazoan parasites namely myxosporea, monogenea, cestodea and acanthocephala. There was no significant difference between the prev...
Diseases and parasitic infections are prominent constraint to cultured and wild fish. In order to... more Diseases and parasitic infections are prominent constraint to cultured and wild fish. In order tofill the gap between wild fish capture and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption, aquaculture is to be privileged; while this goal required suitable fishes such astilapia species and among them, Oreochromis niloticus is a special worldwide one. In this study, a total of 525 specimens of O. niloticus of different size and body weight were randomly collected from August to December 2014. Fish samples were done from three cultured fish farms located in the surrounding area of Cotonou at the South Benin. Fish were examined for external and internal parasites and water samples were collected and used for physicochemical analyses. The total prevalence was 32.38% with a maximal numberof 18 taxa recorded and among them, the only one protozoa (Coccidia) was recorded whereas Myxosporea, Monogenea, Cestoda and Acanthocephala were the collectedmetazoan parasites. Prevalence wa...
Fish culture is the best alternative to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated n... more Fish culture is the best alternative to fill the gap between natural fish catches and estimated needs of populations in animal protein consumption. In West Africa, this goal required to have suitable fishes for aquaculture which are Clariidae and Tilapia. Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae) fetches a higher price than tilapias as it can be sold alive at the market but a high infestation by Henneguya leads to decrease this commercial value. Those reasons lead us to perform studies on seasonal variations, histopathological aspects and life cycle of Henneguya sp. infecting the intestine of C. gariepinus using light and electron microscope. From November 2011 to December 2012, 339 specimens were collected from Ouémé River (Benin) and examined. An overall prevalence of 7.37 % was recorded for plasmodia of Henneguya sp. Parasite occurrence did not vary significantly between seasons (χ2 = 12.235; df = 3; p > 0.05), nor sexes (χ2 = 2.992; df = 7; p > 0.05) while differences were significan...
Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on ... more Background. Plant medicine is the oldest form of health care known to mankind; hence, studies on their safety for use are essential for the control of adverse drug effects. In Benin, Caesalpinia bonduc is one of many medicinal plants used as aphrodisiac, and for treatment of various ailments including prostatic hyperplasia. Despite its numerous ethnomedicinal benefits, toxicological information associated with its chronic use is currently limited. Objective. e present study therefore assessed the toxicity of an ethanolic root extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in Wistar rats. Methods. Caesalpinia bonduc root extract was administered by oral gavage at doses of 31.25, 125, and 500 mg/kg/day for 90 days to male Wistar rats, after which body weight changes, food consumption, urinary parameters, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ weights changes, gross pathology, and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. Results. ere were no death or abnormal clinical signs, no sign...
Mature female specimens of the catfish Clarias gariepinus originating from Ouémé River (Benin) we... more Mature female specimens of the catfish Clarias gariepinus originating from Ouémé River (Benin) were investigated into ovarian myxozoan parasites. Spores of Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) were found encrusted in the whitish color oocytes which present fat dot aspect in the gonads. The pathological investigation by electron microscopy revealed that maturation and multiplication of spores induced lytic action, deformation and dysfunction of the oocyte internal structures. No host inflammatory reaction was observed, while yolk, lipid, mitochondria, and other oocyte components were degenerated inducing empty area in the oocyte and could lead to castration in case of wide infestation. The mean prevalence was 19.79 %. No significant difference was observed within seasonal prevalence (χ(2) = 1.771; df = 3; p > 0.05). Though the host length classes ranging from 35 to 39 cm and 40 to 45 cm were more infected, difference was not significant (χ(2) = 2.273; df = 4; p > 0.05) within th...
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Papers by Darius TOSSAVI