Papers by Davoudi Monfared
International Journal of Cancer Management
Background: The rate of childhood cancer death has dropped steadily over the past 50 years. The p... more Background: The rate of childhood cancer death has dropped steadily over the past 50 years. The pediatric cancer risk has remained under investigation. Objectives: This study aims at investigating the associated factors with the survival of pediatric patients with retinoblastoma, sarcoma, brain tumor, and leukemia cancer. Methods: The cohort study of 1879 children with retinoblastoma, sarcoma, brain tumor, and leukemia aged < 1, 1 - 5, 6 - 10, 11 - 15, and > 15 years in Mahak Hospital and Rehabilitation Complex from 2007 to 2016 were enrolled in the study. Median survival time was reported for each cancer. Parametric survival models including Gompertz, Weibull, lognormal, and log‑logistic models were fitted. Then, the model with almost minimum Akaike information criterion (AIC) was chosen. The hazard ratio (HR) and the analysis were performed by R3.5.1. Results: Totally, 270 (14.37%) patients with retinoblastoma, 667 (35.5%) with leukemia, 625 (33.26%) with a brain tumor, and ...
EDCBMJ 2017; 9(6): 471-474 Competency-based medical education is proposed as a new educational me... more EDCBMJ 2017; 9(6): 471-474 Competency-based medical education is proposed as a new educational method for training different generation of physicians. It is considered two issues: defining credible outcomes and designing standard tools for evaluation. The first issue is to determine competencies. Despite many similarities, different countries have tried to define appropriate competencies based on the need of their community and health care system. In Iran, the study from Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1391 defined the framework of competencies of medical education. Competency-based medical education necessitates meta-competencies learning in addition to the core competencies. Meta competencies enable physicians to work with multiple tasks in different conditions. The second important issue is how to evaluate competency-based training. The designing of valid assessment tool for meta-competencies is difficult and complex. However achievement of ultimate goal of competency-ba...
Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018
L e u k e m i a a c c o u n t s f o r 3 0 % o f c h i l d h o o d cancers followed by brain tumor... more L e u k e m i a a c c o u n t s f o r 3 0 % o f c h i l d h o o d cancers followed by brain tumor and other cancers of nervous system (26%), soft-tissue sarcoma (7%), neuroblastoma (6%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (6%), renal tumors (5%), and Hodgkin lymphoma (3%). [2] Background: Cancer is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to epidemiologically and demographically assess common cancers in children in Iran. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on children registered in Mahak Hospital and Rehabilitation Complex (which is a non-governmental organizations (NGO)-related hospital for only malignant diseases). A total of 2232 questionnaires were filled out for cancer patients between 2007 and 2016. The factors including age, gender, race, family history, type of treatment, and type of cancer were entered into Cox regression model to examine their effect on mortality of children diagnosed with cancer. Results: The Cox regression model showed that age, race, type of cancer, family history of cancer, and type of treatment had a significant effect on mortality of children diagnosed with cancer (P < 0.05). The hazard ratio (HR) of mortality in 10-15 years old was higher than that of 1-5 years old (P = 0.03, HR = 1.3). The HR of mortality in patients with brain tumor (P < 0.01, HR = 2.24), sarcoma (P < 0.01, HR = 2.32), and neuroblastoma (P < 0.01, HR = 2.56) was twice the value in patients with leukemia. The HR of mortality in patients who had a family history of cancer was higher than that of patients without it (P < 0.01, HR = 1.33). Patients who had undergone chemotherapy along with surgery and radiotherapy (P = 0.02, HR = 0.68) and patients who received chemotherapy along with surgery (P = 0.01, HR = 0.67) had a lower HR of mortality compared to the chemotherapy group. Conclusion: Young age, multidisciplinary approach, and absence of family history were associated with lower hazard of death in children diagnosed with cancer; brain tumor, leukemia, and sarcoma had higher hazard of mortality compared to leukemia. Children with a family history of cancer should be under regular follow-up. Treatment should be multidisciplinary and comprehensive.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Apr 1, 2017
Background: Social determinants of health are among the key factors affecting the pathogenesis of... more Background: Social determinants of health are among the key factors affecting the pathogenesis of diseases. Considering the increasingly high prevalence of breast cancer and the association of social determinants of health with its occurrence, related morbidity and mortality and survival rate, this study sought to assess the relationship of three-year survival rate of breast cancer with social determinants of health. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on males and females presenting to the Cancer Research Center of Shohada-E-Tajrish Hospital from 2006 to 2010 with definite diagnosis of breast cancer. Data were collected via phone interviews. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression was fitted using SPSS (version 18) and PH assumption was tested by STATA (version 11) software. Results: The study was performed on 797 breast cancer patients, aged 25-93 years with mean age of 54.66 (SD=11.86) years. After 3 years from diagnosing cancer 700 (87.8%) patients were alive and 97 (...
International journal of preventive medicine, 2017
Postpartum depression is considered as a major health complication of women after delivery. It is... more Postpartum depression is considered as a major health complication of women after delivery. It is necessary to find an essential approach for the prevention of its serious consequences on mothers' and infants' health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of home visiting on postpartum depression. The first stage of study was the design of postpartum package. According to the package, a clinical trial was performed for 276 mothers who had delivered in affiliated hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University in 2013 and were divided into two groups, i.e., control group and intervention group. Intervention group received health care by home visiting, and control group had no intervention. Mothers were supposed to fill up Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale before and 60 days after delivery, and the results were compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 software and t-test, Chi-square, and logistic regression test. The mean ages of participants were 27.03 ± 5...
Health Research Journal, 2017
Introduction: Quality of services is considered as one of the main indexes of progress and succes... more Introduction: Quality of services is considered as one of the main indexes of progress and success in any organization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of services in some health centers in Tehran city. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that assessed the rate of satisfaction among patients referred to randomly selected health centers in Tehran through a questionnaire of SERVQUAL. The method of data gathering was through interviews with patients. Data were analyzed using spss software version 17 and Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. Results: 100 patients were studied in total. There was a significant differences in all dimensions measured in the SERVQUAL questionnaire between expectations and reality other than access to a physician in the office all the time. The biggest difference between expectations and reality within the empathy (P = 0.001). Conclusions: There are significant differences between current situation and the ideal of health services in health centers in Tehran city. Also expect from service providers is not only medication but also kindness, empathy and compassion, confidence, respect, interest and the sense of responsibility are so effective to the satisfaction of clients.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2016
Differences exist in the prevalence and morbidity and mortality of breast cancer among different ... more Differences exist in the prevalence and morbidity and mortality of breast cancer among different countries. A reduction in morbidity and mortality related to breast cancer has been reported in the north, south and west of Europe (Autier et al., 2011) while the trend of breast cancer-related morbidity and mortality is increasing in Asia, Japan, Korea and China (Katanoda and Yako-Suketomo 2010). Such variability may be related to several factors, and many studies have
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2013
Early in the 21st century, cancers are the second cause of death worldwide. Colon cancer is third... more Early in the 21st century, cancers are the second cause of death worldwide. Colon cancer is third most common cancer and one of the few amenable to early diagnosis and treatment. Evaluation of factors affecting this cancer is important to increase survival time. Some of these factors affecting all diseases including cancer are social determinants of health. According to the importance of this disease and relation with these factors, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between social determinants of health and colon cancer survival. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study for patients with colon cancer registered in the Cancer Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, from April 2005 to November 2006, performed using questionnaires filled by telephone interview with patients (if patients had died, with family members). Data was analyzed with SPSS software (version 19) for descriptive analysis and STATA software for survival analysis inclu...
Background: Colon cancer is the third cause of cancer deaths. Although colon cancer survival time... more Background: Colon cancer is the third cause of cancer deaths. Although colon cancer survival time has increased in recent years, the mortality rate is still high. The Cox model is the most common regression model often used in medical research in survival analysis, but most of the time the effect of at least one of the independent factors changes over time, so the model cannot be used. In the current study, the survival function for colon cancer patients in Tehran is estimated using non-parametric Bayesian model. Methods: In this survival study, 580 patients with colon cancer who were
Background: Cancer is the second cause of death in the world, and colon cancer is the third cause... more Background: Cancer is the second cause of death in the world, and colon cancer is the third cause of death and is one of the most common cancers which will cure with early diagnosis, treatment and sufficient follow up. Assessing factors which affect this cancer is important for prolonging patient survival. Socioeconomic factors are among effective factors of cancer morbidity and mortality. Because mortality rates for colon cancers vary by socioeconomic characteristics, this study has been performed to recognize the relationship between socioeconomic factors with treatment and follow up of colon cancer.
Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2013
Background Colon cancer is the third cause of cancer deaths. Although colon cancer survival time ... more Background Colon cancer is the third cause of cancer deaths. Although colon cancer survival time has increased in recent years, the mortality rate is still high. The Cox model is the most common regression model often used in medical research in survival analysis, but most of the time the effect of at least one of the independent factors changes over time, so the model cannot be used. In the current study, the survival function for colon cancer patients in Tehran is estimated using non-parametric Bayesian model. Methods In this survival study, 580 patients with colon cancer who were recorded in the Cancer Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences since April 2005 to November 2006 were studied and followed up for a period of 5 years. Survival function was plotted with non-parametric Bayesian model and was compared with the Kaplan-Meier curve. Results Of the total of 580 patients, 69.9% of patients were alive. 45.9% of patients were male and the mean age of can...
The missions of medical schools: The pursuit of health in the service of society [7] Recent and e... more The missions of medical schools: The pursuit of health in the service of society [7] Recent and emerging trends in undergraduate medical education: Curricular responses to a rapidly changing health care system [8] Early clinical experience: Do students learn what we expect? [9] Community-oriented medical education in Glasgow: Developing a community diagnosis exercise [10] Selecting an appropriate site for medical education [11] Community based medical education in a rural area: A new direction in undergraduate training [12] Community health centers: Exciting opportunities for the 21st century [13] Evaluation of field training from the perspective of students, the School of Management and Informatics University of Medical Sciences [14] Adapting health care institutions and medical schools to societies' needs [15] Effective clinical teaching medical school students [16] The attitudes of kerman university of medical sciences interns toward the adequacy of received trainings in achieving the approved educational goals in obstetrics & gynecology ward [17] Evaluation of modular training of family physicians' higher management course in Iran [18] The Viewpoints of interns and clerkship students about community medicine course [19] Evaluation of educational quality internship community medicine, university of medical sciences [20] The need for training medical students in social issues from the perspective of medical graduates [21] Evaluation of community medicine department program of knowledge transfer and necessary managerial skills from the perspective of physicians working in health care of Tabriz [22] Students, view points on internship community medicine course in Tehran Medical Universities [23] Family physician program in Iran: Considerations for adapting the policy in urban settings [24] Systematic review of studies in the field of competencies of new or soon to be-graduate general physicians in Iran [25] Evaluation of the function of referral system in family physician program in Northern provinces of Iran
EDCBMJ 2017; 9(6): 471-474 Competency-based medical education is proposed as a new educational me... more EDCBMJ 2017; 9(6): 471-474 Competency-based medical education is proposed as a new educational method for training different generation of physicians. It is considered two issues: defining credible outcomes and designing standard tools for evaluation. The first issue is to determine competencies. Despite many similarities, different countries have tried to define appropriate competencies based on the need of their community and health care system.
Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Cancer is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed t... more Cancer is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to epidemiologically and demographically assess common cancers in children in Iran. This cohort study was conducted on children registered in Mahak Hospital and Rehabilitation Complex (which is a non-governmental organizations (NGO)-related hospital for only malignant diseases). A total of 2232 questionnaires were filled out for cancer patients between 2007 and 2016. The factors including age, gender, race, family history, type of treatment, and type of cancer were entered into Cox regression model to examine their effect on mortality of children diagnosed with cancer. The Cox regression model showed that age, race, type of cancer, family history of cancer, and type of treatment had a significant effect on mortality of children diagnosed with cancer ( < 0.05). The hazard ratio (HR) of mortality in 10-15 years old was higher than that of 1-5 years old ( = 0.03, HR = 1.3). The HR of mort...
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Apr 1, 2017
Background: Social determinants of health are among the key factors affecting the pathogenesis of... more Background: Social determinants of health are among the key factors affecting the pathogenesis of diseases. Considering the increasingly high prevalence of breast cancer and the association of social determinants of health with its occurrence, related morbidity and mortality and survival rate, this study sought to assess the relationship of three-year survival rate of breast cancer with social determinants of health. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on males and females presenting to the Cancer Research Center of Shohada-E-Tajrish Hospital from 2006 to 2010 with definite diagnosis of breast cancer. Data were collected via phone interviews. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression was fitted using SPSS (version 18) and PH assumption was tested by STATA (version 11) software. Results: The study was performed on 797 breast cancer patients, aged 25-93 years with mean age of 54.66 (SD=11.86) years. After 3 years from diagnosing cancer 700 (87.8%) patients were alive and 97 (...
International Journal of Medical Reviews, Nov 1, 2018
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The incidence and mortality of cancer is ... more Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The incidence and mortality of cancer is expected to grow rapidly. In Iran cancer morbidity and mortality are gradually changing as a result of economic, demographic and epidemiological transition. Common cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal and stomach have different rates of morbidity and mortality in advanced countries and also in Iran. This differentiation has been attributed to prevention measures and activities to control cancer. Cancer prevention and control is one of the most important scientific and public health challenges of this era. A comprehensive cancer control program suggests various ways to control cancer and implements those that are the most cost-effective and beneficial for the largest part of the Iranian population. Thus, it is suggested that a cancer prevention program in three levels of prevention is conducted. The goal of primary prevention is controlling of cancer causes which will be done by preventing human exposure to the risk factors of cancer. Secondary prevention includes early detection of cancer based on the screening program and an effective and timely treatment. Tertiary prevention includes Palliative care to improve the quality of life of patients and their families facing these problems. Considering the existing facilities and the breadth of the primary health care network and human resources and scientific support, a comprehensive cancer control program must be integrated into the primary healthcare network in Iran.
Hospital Practices and Research
Background: Common cancers such as colon, breast, and lung cancer are increasing in developing co... more Background: Common cancers such as colon, breast, and lung cancer are increasing in developing countries. Objective: This study was conducted to determine 10-year trends and changes in common cancers in patients from a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated a study population comprising colon, stomach, lung, prostate, and breast cancer patients registered at the cancer center of a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran from April 1, 2007 to the end of March, 2016 (n=4472). Inclusion criteria were a definitive diagnosis of cancer and an age between 15 and 75 years. Data was entered into SPSS (version 18) software and analyzed using the Time Series analysis and Scatter IO graph. Results: Significant correlations (P value <0.001) were seen between age increases in patients and the increasing number of patients in any type of cancer. With almost all of the five studied cancers, incidence increased with aging (P value <0.001). The incremental...
Hospital Practices and Research
Background: The birth of a child with a hearing disability is a stressful event in the family. Si... more Background: The birth of a child with a hearing disability is a stressful event in the family. Since consanguineous marriages are associated with the incidence of congenital hearing loss, it is expected that such parents will experience greater psychological problems. Objective: The current study investigated and compared anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with severe hearing loss who have undergone cochlear implantation with a focus on the relation between parents (consanguineous vs. non-consanguineous). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all 180 couples (360 individuals) who had become parents and attended Baqiyatallah hospital’s Cochlear Implant Center from 2007 to 2009. The participants included two groups of consanguineous (125 couples) and non-consanguineous (55 couples) parents. After providing consent to participate in this study, the participants completed the short form of the Depression and Anxiety and Stress Scale questionnaire (DASS...
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Papers by Davoudi Monfared