Papers by Francisco Pelegrín
Acta Horticulturae, 1993
Tbe present work studies tbe effect of various tillaqe systems on the water infiltration in a san... more Tbe present work studies tbe effect of various tillaqe systems on the water infiltration in a sandy clay loam soil (Calcic Haploxeralf) from Seville province. The followinq tillaqe metbods were considered: mouldboard plouqhinq (MP), cultivator application (C) and no-tillaqe (NT). In each treatment, water infiltration was measured using both double-rinq infil trometer and rainfall simulator. Infil tration rates for MP and C treatments were siqnificantly (p=0.05 level) hiqher than for NT treatment. Tbe infiltration rates in the plouqh pan of the MP and C treatments were not siqnificantly different (p=O. 05 leve!) to those oí the consolidated zone (20 cm depth) in tbe NT treatment. For tbe different soil conditions, created witb tbe tillaqe methods used, the sorptivity parameter was calculated usinq the Philip equation.
9 paginas, 7 tabla y 15 referencias.-- Trabajo presentado en el VI Simposium Nacional - II Iberic... more 9 paginas, 7 tabla y 15 referencias.-- Trabajo presentado en el VI Simposium Nacional - II Iberico sobre nutricion mineral de las plantas, Sevilla, del 12 al 15 de Noviembre de 1996.-- Entidades colaboradoras Junta de Andalucia, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sociedad Espanola de Fisiologia Vegetal, El Monte, Caja de Huelva y Sevilla y Gat Fertiliquido.-- Editores cientificos: Rafael Sarmiento Solis, Eduardo O. Leidi Montes y Antonio Troncoso de Arce.-- (Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia de Sevilla).
Soil and Tillage Research, 1997
Tillage methods affect soil physical properties and, thus, have a direct influence on the repleni... more Tillage methods affect soil physical properties and, thus, have a direct influence on the replenishment and depletion of soil water storage and crop performance. This study was conducted to determine the effects of traditional and conservation tillage on soil physical properties, soil water replenishment and depletion, and crop development and yield under southern Spanish conditions. The experiments were carried out from 1992 to 1995 in a sandy clay loam soil (Xerofluvent). The traditional tillage (TT) method consisted mainly of the use of mouldboard ploughing, and the conservation tillage (CT) was characterized by not using mouldboard ploughing, by reduction of the number of tillage operations and leaving the crop residues on the surface as mulch. In both tillage treatments a wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)-sunflower (Helianthus annuus, L.) crop rotation was established. In each treatment, systematic measurements of bulk density, resistance to penetration, infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity (using tension disc infiltrometers) in the soil top layer were carried out. Changes in water profiles through the experimental period were also followed using a neutron probe. Crop development and yield were determined. The soil bulk density in the 0 to 20 cm layer was significantly higher in the CT than in the ?T treatment, mainly after tillage operations (between 10% and 24% higher in CT than in 'IT). After 3 years of continuous tillage treatments, the soil bulk density did not increase. The resistance to penetration at any time was higher in the CT than in the 7T treatment, but not always significantly different. Infiltration rates were significantly higher in the 'IT than in the CT treatment (about 35% higher in TT than in CT). After 3 years of the tillage treatments the hydraulic conductivity of the soil surface layer, at a pressure head of 0 mm, was significantly higher in the CT (124 mm h-l) than in the TT (66 mm h-l). This is related to the existence of * Corresponding author.
Soil and Tillage Research, 1990
Abstract In the present work the effect of several tillage methods on the physical properties of ... more Abstract In the present work the effect of several tillage methods on the physical properties of a sandy clay loam (Haploxeralf) from Seville province (SW Spain) has been studied in order to establish the optimum management for water intake and conservation in the soil. The following tillage methods were considered during the period 1984–1987: disc ploughing; mouldboard ploughing; cultivator application; disc harrowing; no-tillage. Two crops were used in rotation, wheat and sunflower. In each treatment, soil susceptibility to compaction and systematic measurements of resistance to penetration, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate in the top layer were carried out. Changes in water profiles through the experimental period were also followed. The results presented in this paper correspond to the period autumn 1986–July 1987, the third year of rotation. They show important differences in soil physical properties as well as in the rate of replenishment and depletion of soil water storage as a result of treatments. Differences in crop response have also been observed.
Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2006
The effect of long term conservation tillage (CT) application on soil organic carbon (SOC) concen... more The effect of long term conservation tillage (CT) application on soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, and on stratification ratios (SR) of SOC, soluble organic carbon (SOCs), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and protease activity (PA) has been studied. The SR was established dividing values of these variables at 0-5 cm depth by values at 10-25 cm depth. The results were compared with those obtained under traditional tillage (TT). The study was conducted in a wheat-sunflower crop rotation established in 1991 under rainfed conditions in south-west Spain. The results showed here correspond to the years 2001 (sunflower) and 2002 and 2004 (wheat). Despite a slight increase in SOC and the SR of SOC under CT compared to TT, noticeable and significant increases of SR of SOCs, MBC and PA were recorded in CT compared to TT. These increases reveal that the stratification of SOC under CT have consequences on soil functions beyond that of potentially sequestering more C in the soil. CT also improved soil quality by softening the loss of CaCO 3 , compared to TT.
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Papers by Francisco Pelegrín