Culture and metagenomics as bacterial identification methods in patients with diabetic foot ulcer... more Culture and metagenomics as bacterial identification methods in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review Background: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a serious complication of infected ulcers in a diabetic patient. The identification of the infecting microorganisms is generally by culture, which causes a bias. Recently, metagenomics has been used for microbial identification. Aim: To systematically review the scientific literature related to DFO in the last 10 years to evaluate if culture and metagenomics are complementary. Material and Methods: To carry out the systematic review, PRISMA and Rayyan were used for the selection of studies, using three databases, using the keywords diabetes, osteomyelitis, culture and microbiome. Articles in English or Spanish were included, containing information related to bacterial identification in DFO. Characteristics of the technique, patients and frequency of bacterial appearance were collected. Results: Twenty six articles were included, 19 used culture and 7 metagenomics. The patients were predominantly men (68%), with an average age of 61 years, 83% had type 2 diabetes and comorbidities, mainly vascular and neuropathy. The Families with the highest frequency of appearance using the culture technique were Enterobacteriaceae (29.3%) and Staphylococcaceae(28.3%) and with metagenomics Peptoniphilaceae (22.1%) and Staphylococcaceae (9.4%). Peptoniphilaceae were not identified in culture, although they were frequently identified by metagenomics. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus, regularly identified by culture, was not identified using metagenomics. Conclusions: Comparing results, there is a certain complementarity between microbiological culture and sequencing to identify bacteria present in DFO.
The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Repo... more The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the articles found in the past 11 years on the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts in gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this systematic review, including in vitro and in vivo models, to define the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts. Studies were selected by Rayyan using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The keywords for the search strategy were: “gastric injury,” “gastric ulcer,” “fruit,” “indomethacin,” and “aspirin.” Twenty-two articles with animal models of gastric ulcers were included. The NSAIDs used were aspirin and indomethacin. To know the damage caused by these, the ulceration index and biomarkers, such as aggressive/defensive factors involved in the gastric ulceration process, were measured. Most studies have shown that fruit extracts have antiulcer activity, with the most abundant metabolites being flavonoids, followed by terpenes and alkaloids. Possible antiulcer activities such as antioxidant, cytoprotective, gastric acid antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, or angiogenesis stimulant were declared, manifested mainly as a reduction of lipid peroxidation products, an increase in antioxidant enzymes and prostaglandins, and by the formation of a protective film through protein precipitation in the ulcer area. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of fruit extracts as gastric protectors.
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org ... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative
Objectives: Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, an... more Objectives: Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, can be obtained in Cuba. It is rich in polyphenols, where mangiferin is the main component. In this study, we have tested DNA damage and protection effects of MSBE and mangiferin on primary human lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells. Material and methods: Cell suspensions were incubated with the products (50-1000 lg/ml) for experiments on damage induction, and evaluation of any potential protective effects (5-100 lg/ml) for 60 min at 37°C. Irradiation was performed using a c-ray source, absorbed dose 5 Gy. At the end of exposure, DNA damage, protection and repair processes were evaluated using the comet assay. Results: MSBE (100-1000 lg/ml) induced DNA damage in a concentration dependent manner in both cell types tested, primary cells being more sensitive. Mangiferin (200 lg/ml) only induced light DNA damage at higher concentrations. DNA repair capacity was not affected after MSBE or mangiferin exposure. On the other hand, MSBE (25 and 50 lg/ml) and mangiferin (5-25 ug/ml) protected against gamma radiation-induced DNA damage. Conclusions: These results show MSBE has protector or harmful effects on DNA in vitro depending on the experimental conditions, which suggest that the extract could be acting as an antioxidant or pro-oxidant product. Mangiferin was involved in protective effects of the extract.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is currently no cure, and the... more Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is currently no cure, and the available pharmacological treatment focuses on treating the symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the pharmacological treatments for AD protected in the US Patent Office. The Matheo Patent software was used to search for patents granted in the 2010–2020 period in the USPTO database. The search strategy «Alzheimer» was used in title and abstract and the International Patent Classification (IPC) codes A61P* and A61K*. The selected patents were divided into six categories according to therapeutic target. Complementary information from scientific databases was used to determine the stage of investigation and efficacy of the patented molecules. In the analyzed period, 58 patents were granted: 10 directed to Aβ peptide metabolism and deposition, three to tau, seven to inflammation, nine to cholinergic, two to glutamatergic and 27 to other targets. More than 80.0% belong to holders from the USA, France, and Japan. The molecules Elenbecestat and LY3202626 decreased the burden of Aβ plaques without significant cognitive improvement, Donanemab is in Phase 3 clinical trial, and the FDA has designated it Breakthrough Therapy. CPC-201 and PXT864 demonstrated, in Phase 2, good tolerability and improvement of AD symptoms. Most of the inventions are focused on treating the earliest phase of AD. The most advanced treatments in their research are those focused on treating Aβ accumulation. More studies are needed to prove the efficacy of the patented molecules.
Context: COVID-19 related to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates inflammation with increased reactive ... more Context: COVID-19 related to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates inflammation with increased reactive oxygen species production. Drug treatment and others factors could influence systemic oxidative stress during pathogenic insult. Aims: To determine the redox status in COVID-19 patients with different clinical conditions and explore the relationship between redox and hematological hemochemical variables. Methods: In this comparative longitudinal study, blood samples were drawn from 160 individuals divided into four groups: COVID-19 asymptomatic, COVID-19 symptomatic (low and moderate symptoms), COVID-19 convalescent, and presumable healthy subjects. Demographic, redox, hematological, and hemochemical indices were assessed. Statistical analyses compared the median values of each variable and explored individual, simultaneous indices, and multivariate alteration. Results: Relative to the healthy group, acute COVID-19, and convalescent groups had significant differences in global damage ind...
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) is a new natural product with antiox... more Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) is a new natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects known by the brand name of its formulations as Vimang Ò. Previously, the oral toxicity studies of the extract showed a low toxicity potential up to 2000 mg/kg. This work reports the results about teratogenic and genotoxicologic studies of MSBE. For embryotoxicity study, MSBE (20, 200, or 2000 mg/kg/day) was given to Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage on days 6-15 of gestation. For genotoxicity, MSBE was administered three times during 48 h to NMRI mice. Cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. No maternal or developmental toxicities were observed when the rats were killed on day 20th. The maternal bodyweight gain was not affected. No dose-related effects were observed in implantations, fetal viability or external fetal development. Skeletal and visceral development was similar among fetuses from all groups. No genotoxicity was observed in bone marrow erythrocytes and liver cells after administration. MSBE appears to be neither embryotoxic nor genotoxic as measured by bone marrow cytogenetics in rodents.
Polyphenols are a family of natural compounds with many biological properties. This review focuse... more Polyphenols are a family of natural compounds with many biological properties. This review focuses on their potential interaction on the cytochrome P450 system. Effects of phenolic acids, anthocyanins, stilbenes, catechins and other flavonoids on the drug metabolising function are revised. Their daily intake and presence in herbal medicines justify the study of potential drug-interaction to prevent undesirable clinical consequences.
Context: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark (MSBE) shows antioxidant, anti-infl... more Context: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark (MSBE) shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Aims: To test the MSBE in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats, a classical model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Given the possibility that some clinical effect of MSBE can appear only after its chronic administration, we designed a long term medication protocol with 500 mg/kg, p.o. or distilled water daily during 8 days from 9 days post-CCI. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as reference drug. Sham CCI animals received vehicle. Behavioral tests were carried out before CCI, at 9 and 16 days after injury. A section of sciatic nerve, 5 mm distal to the ligature site was dissected for histopathological studies. A single oral similar dose or vehicle was administered to mononeuropathic rats, 14 days after surgery. Mechano-hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia of the ipsilateral paw were determined using a modification of pin prick...
Context: Self-medication is a self-care practice. It is a frequent and widespread habit in all so... more Context: Self-medication is a self-care practice. It is a frequent and widespread habit in all societies and does not distinguish between sex and age. Therefore, students are not exempt from using this practice. Aims: To carry out a systematic review of scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 on self-medication in university students of careers related to medical and biological sciences with PRISMA guidelines. Methods: A standardized search was performed in four databases with the following terms: Automedicación (in Spanish), Self-medication, Automedication, University Student, and Students. For the selection of studies, the Rayyan® tool was used. The most relevant information on self-medication of university students was collected. Results: Fourteen articles were included and evaluated as high, medium, and low quality with the AXIS tool. The results of the study reflected a high self-medication in university students of careers related to medical and biological sciences...
La enzima hemo-oxigenasa es la principal enzima implicada en el catabolismo del grupo hemo y da l... more La enzima hemo-oxigenasa es la principal enzima implicada en el catabolismo del grupo hemo y da lugar a tres productos fundamentales: biliverdina, el hierro libre y el monóxido de carbono. Fue descubierta a principios de la década del 60, pero no fue hasta mediado de los años ´80 donde empezó a estudiarse con detenimiento y se determinó que existía una isoforma inducible, denominada hemo oxigenasa-1. Esta proteína juega un papel muy importante en la modulación de procesos inflamatorios y eso ha sido demostrado en diferentes modelos experimentales tanto en animales como humanos, en los mecanismos de defensa antioxidantes que posee el organismo ante la presencia de algún daño y en el bloqueo de los procesos apoptóticos donde han sido involucradas distintas rutas de señalización celular. El estudio de esta enzima y de su mecanismo de acción ha sido objeto de estudio por parte de muchos científicos y su esclarecimiento será un paso importante para su posterior inclusión en la clínica.He...
Context: JM-20 is a hybrid synthetic molecule, which is based on a multimodal drug design paradig... more Context: JM-20 is a hybrid synthetic molecule, which is based on a multimodal drug design paradigm for cerebrovascular disease. In addition to its neuroprotective effects, JM-20 also decreased sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. JM-20 has a strong mitoprotective ability, and its effects could be in correspondence with the mitotoxicity hypothesis for paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of the JM-20 to reduce neuropathic pain manifestations induced by the administration of paclitaxel in rats. Methods: In this study was implemented a rat model of painful peripheral neuropathy, produced by the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel, to determine whether JM-20 (10 mg/kg, p.o) could prevent the development of neuropathic pain during the exposure to paclitaxel. As well as to determine whether JM-20 (20 mg/kg, p.o) could reverse the established neuropathic pain. Mechanical behavioral assessment ...
Context: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a public worldwide health problem that causes... more Context: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a public worldwide health problem that causes increased morbidity and mortality, bacterial resistance, and care costs and hospitalizations. Aims: To evaluate the prescription of antimicrobials in patients treated at a Cuban cancer hospital, based on clinical indicators and pharmacotherapeutics. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of prescription-indication of antimicrobials, during the period of January-December 2018, in a Cuban cancer hospital. Hospitalized patients with antimicrobial treatment were included in the study. The determination of prevalent microorganisms and bacterial resistance was analyzed through the book of infection control and antibiograms. The adequate and inadequate categories of prescriptions based on clinical and pharmacotherapeutic indicators were established to evaluate the prescription. Results: In a sample of 50 patients, laryngeal cancer (40%), surgical wound infection (48%), and beta-lactam pharma...
Context: Colon cancer is a serious disease that can be hereditary or arise from exposure to carci... more Context: Colon cancer is a serious disease that can be hereditary or arise from exposure to carcinogens in unhealthy food. Current chemotherapy treatment has serious cardiovascular adverse effects, is not always effective, and there may be resistance to treatment. Recently, studies have found an optimal anticancer activity of modified pectins on colon cancer. Aims: To systematically review the scientific literature, with PRISMA guidelines, of the articles found in the last 11 years, on the potential anticancer effects of pectins on colon cancer. Methods: PRISMA and Rayyan were used for the selection of studies and a standardized search was followed in four databases with the terms: modified pectins, cancer, therapy. Data extraction was performed using Excel and relevant information on anticancer activity was collected. Results: In total, 16 articles were included, finding seven in vitro, three mixed and six in vivo studies. The anticancer activity and optimization of the formulation...
Culture and metagenomics as bacterial identification methods in patients with diabetic foot ulcer... more Culture and metagenomics as bacterial identification methods in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review Background: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a serious complication of infected ulcers in a diabetic patient. The identification of the infecting microorganisms is generally by culture, which causes a bias. Recently, metagenomics has been used for microbial identification. Aim: To systematically review the scientific literature related to DFO in the last 10 years to evaluate if culture and metagenomics are complementary. Material and Methods: To carry out the systematic review, PRISMA and Rayyan were used for the selection of studies, using three databases, using the keywords diabetes, osteomyelitis, culture and microbiome. Articles in English or Spanish were included, containing information related to bacterial identification in DFO. Characteristics of the technique, patients and frequency of bacterial appearance were collected. Results: Twenty six articles were included, 19 used culture and 7 metagenomics. The patients were predominantly men (68%), with an average age of 61 years, 83% had type 2 diabetes and comorbidities, mainly vascular and neuropathy. The Families with the highest frequency of appearance using the culture technique were Enterobacteriaceae (29.3%) and Staphylococcaceae(28.3%) and with metagenomics Peptoniphilaceae (22.1%) and Staphylococcaceae (9.4%). Peptoniphilaceae were not identified in culture, although they were frequently identified by metagenomics. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus, regularly identified by culture, was not identified using metagenomics. Conclusions: Comparing results, there is a certain complementarity between microbiological culture and sequencing to identify bacteria present in DFO.
The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Repo... more The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the articles found in the past 11 years on the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts in gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this systematic review, including in vitro and in vivo models, to define the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts. Studies were selected by Rayyan using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The keywords for the search strategy were: “gastric injury,” “gastric ulcer,” “fruit,” “indomethacin,” and “aspirin.” Twenty-two articles with animal models of gastric ulcers were included. The NSAIDs used were aspirin and indomethacin. To know the damage caused by these, the ulceration index and biomarkers, such as aggressive/defensive factors involved in the gastric ulceration process, were measured. Most studies have shown that fruit extracts have antiulcer activity, with the most abundant metabolites being flavonoids, followed by terpenes and alkaloids. Possible antiulcer activities such as antioxidant, cytoprotective, gastric acid antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, or angiogenesis stimulant were declared, manifested mainly as a reduction of lipid peroxidation products, an increase in antioxidant enzymes and prostaglandins, and by the formation of a protective film through protein precipitation in the ulcer area. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of fruit extracts as gastric protectors.
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org ... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative
Objectives: Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, an... more Objectives: Mangifera indica L. (mango) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) that has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, can be obtained in Cuba. It is rich in polyphenols, where mangiferin is the main component. In this study, we have tested DNA damage and protection effects of MSBE and mangiferin on primary human lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells. Material and methods: Cell suspensions were incubated with the products (50-1000 lg/ml) for experiments on damage induction, and evaluation of any potential protective effects (5-100 lg/ml) for 60 min at 37°C. Irradiation was performed using a c-ray source, absorbed dose 5 Gy. At the end of exposure, DNA damage, protection and repair processes were evaluated using the comet assay. Results: MSBE (100-1000 lg/ml) induced DNA damage in a concentration dependent manner in both cell types tested, primary cells being more sensitive. Mangiferin (200 lg/ml) only induced light DNA damage at higher concentrations. DNA repair capacity was not affected after MSBE or mangiferin exposure. On the other hand, MSBE (25 and 50 lg/ml) and mangiferin (5-25 ug/ml) protected against gamma radiation-induced DNA damage. Conclusions: These results show MSBE has protector or harmful effects on DNA in vitro depending on the experimental conditions, which suggest that the extract could be acting as an antioxidant or pro-oxidant product. Mangiferin was involved in protective effects of the extract.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is currently no cure, and the... more Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. There is currently no cure, and the available pharmacological treatment focuses on treating the symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the pharmacological treatments for AD protected in the US Patent Office. The Matheo Patent software was used to search for patents granted in the 2010–2020 period in the USPTO database. The search strategy «Alzheimer» was used in title and abstract and the International Patent Classification (IPC) codes A61P* and A61K*. The selected patents were divided into six categories according to therapeutic target. Complementary information from scientific databases was used to determine the stage of investigation and efficacy of the patented molecules. In the analyzed period, 58 patents were granted: 10 directed to Aβ peptide metabolism and deposition, three to tau, seven to inflammation, nine to cholinergic, two to glutamatergic and 27 to other targets. More than 80.0% belong to holders from the USA, France, and Japan. The molecules Elenbecestat and LY3202626 decreased the burden of Aβ plaques without significant cognitive improvement, Donanemab is in Phase 3 clinical trial, and the FDA has designated it Breakthrough Therapy. CPC-201 and PXT864 demonstrated, in Phase 2, good tolerability and improvement of AD symptoms. Most of the inventions are focused on treating the earliest phase of AD. The most advanced treatments in their research are those focused on treating Aβ accumulation. More studies are needed to prove the efficacy of the patented molecules.
Context: COVID-19 related to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates inflammation with increased reactive ... more Context: COVID-19 related to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates inflammation with increased reactive oxygen species production. Drug treatment and others factors could influence systemic oxidative stress during pathogenic insult. Aims: To determine the redox status in COVID-19 patients with different clinical conditions and explore the relationship between redox and hematological hemochemical variables. Methods: In this comparative longitudinal study, blood samples were drawn from 160 individuals divided into four groups: COVID-19 asymptomatic, COVID-19 symptomatic (low and moderate symptoms), COVID-19 convalescent, and presumable healthy subjects. Demographic, redox, hematological, and hemochemical indices were assessed. Statistical analyses compared the median values of each variable and explored individual, simultaneous indices, and multivariate alteration. Results: Relative to the healthy group, acute COVID-19, and convalescent groups had significant differences in global damage ind...
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) is a new natural product with antiox... more Mango (Mangifera indica L.) stem bark aqueous extract (MSBE) is a new natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects known by the brand name of its formulations as Vimang Ò. Previously, the oral toxicity studies of the extract showed a low toxicity potential up to 2000 mg/kg. This work reports the results about teratogenic and genotoxicologic studies of MSBE. For embryotoxicity study, MSBE (20, 200, or 2000 mg/kg/day) was given to Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage on days 6-15 of gestation. For genotoxicity, MSBE was administered three times during 48 h to NMRI mice. Cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. No maternal or developmental toxicities were observed when the rats were killed on day 20th. The maternal bodyweight gain was not affected. No dose-related effects were observed in implantations, fetal viability or external fetal development. Skeletal and visceral development was similar among fetuses from all groups. No genotoxicity was observed in bone marrow erythrocytes and liver cells after administration. MSBE appears to be neither embryotoxic nor genotoxic as measured by bone marrow cytogenetics in rodents.
Polyphenols are a family of natural compounds with many biological properties. This review focuse... more Polyphenols are a family of natural compounds with many biological properties. This review focuses on their potential interaction on the cytochrome P450 system. Effects of phenolic acids, anthocyanins, stilbenes, catechins and other flavonoids on the drug metabolising function are revised. Their daily intake and presence in herbal medicines justify the study of potential drug-interaction to prevent undesirable clinical consequences.
Context: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark (MSBE) shows antioxidant, anti-infl... more Context: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark (MSBE) shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Aims: To test the MSBE in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats, a classical model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Given the possibility that some clinical effect of MSBE can appear only after its chronic administration, we designed a long term medication protocol with 500 mg/kg, p.o. or distilled water daily during 8 days from 9 days post-CCI. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as reference drug. Sham CCI animals received vehicle. Behavioral tests were carried out before CCI, at 9 and 16 days after injury. A section of sciatic nerve, 5 mm distal to the ligature site was dissected for histopathological studies. A single oral similar dose or vehicle was administered to mononeuropathic rats, 14 days after surgery. Mechano-hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia of the ipsilateral paw were determined using a modification of pin prick...
Context: Self-medication is a self-care practice. It is a frequent and widespread habit in all so... more Context: Self-medication is a self-care practice. It is a frequent and widespread habit in all societies and does not distinguish between sex and age. Therefore, students are not exempt from using this practice. Aims: To carry out a systematic review of scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 on self-medication in university students of careers related to medical and biological sciences with PRISMA guidelines. Methods: A standardized search was performed in four databases with the following terms: Automedicación (in Spanish), Self-medication, Automedication, University Student, and Students. For the selection of studies, the Rayyan® tool was used. The most relevant information on self-medication of university students was collected. Results: Fourteen articles were included and evaluated as high, medium, and low quality with the AXIS tool. The results of the study reflected a high self-medication in university students of careers related to medical and biological sciences...
La enzima hemo-oxigenasa es la principal enzima implicada en el catabolismo del grupo hemo y da l... more La enzima hemo-oxigenasa es la principal enzima implicada en el catabolismo del grupo hemo y da lugar a tres productos fundamentales: biliverdina, el hierro libre y el monóxido de carbono. Fue descubierta a principios de la década del 60, pero no fue hasta mediado de los años ´80 donde empezó a estudiarse con detenimiento y se determinó que existía una isoforma inducible, denominada hemo oxigenasa-1. Esta proteína juega un papel muy importante en la modulación de procesos inflamatorios y eso ha sido demostrado en diferentes modelos experimentales tanto en animales como humanos, en los mecanismos de defensa antioxidantes que posee el organismo ante la presencia de algún daño y en el bloqueo de los procesos apoptóticos donde han sido involucradas distintas rutas de señalización celular. El estudio de esta enzima y de su mecanismo de acción ha sido objeto de estudio por parte de muchos científicos y su esclarecimiento será un paso importante para su posterior inclusión en la clínica.He...
Context: JM-20 is a hybrid synthetic molecule, which is based on a multimodal drug design paradig... more Context: JM-20 is a hybrid synthetic molecule, which is based on a multimodal drug design paradigm for cerebrovascular disease. In addition to its neuroprotective effects, JM-20 also decreased sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. JM-20 has a strong mitoprotective ability, and its effects could be in correspondence with the mitotoxicity hypothesis for paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of the JM-20 to reduce neuropathic pain manifestations induced by the administration of paclitaxel in rats. Methods: In this study was implemented a rat model of painful peripheral neuropathy, produced by the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel, to determine whether JM-20 (10 mg/kg, p.o) could prevent the development of neuropathic pain during the exposure to paclitaxel. As well as to determine whether JM-20 (20 mg/kg, p.o) could reverse the established neuropathic pain. Mechanical behavioral assessment ...
Context: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a public worldwide health problem that causes... more Context: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a public worldwide health problem that causes increased morbidity and mortality, bacterial resistance, and care costs and hospitalizations. Aims: To evaluate the prescription of antimicrobials in patients treated at a Cuban cancer hospital, based on clinical indicators and pharmacotherapeutics. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of prescription-indication of antimicrobials, during the period of January-December 2018, in a Cuban cancer hospital. Hospitalized patients with antimicrobial treatment were included in the study. The determination of prevalent microorganisms and bacterial resistance was analyzed through the book of infection control and antibiograms. The adequate and inadequate categories of prescriptions based on clinical and pharmacotherapeutic indicators were established to evaluate the prescription. Results: In a sample of 50 patients, laryngeal cancer (40%), surgical wound infection (48%), and beta-lactam pharma...
Context: Colon cancer is a serious disease that can be hereditary or arise from exposure to carci... more Context: Colon cancer is a serious disease that can be hereditary or arise from exposure to carcinogens in unhealthy food. Current chemotherapy treatment has serious cardiovascular adverse effects, is not always effective, and there may be resistance to treatment. Recently, studies have found an optimal anticancer activity of modified pectins on colon cancer. Aims: To systematically review the scientific literature, with PRISMA guidelines, of the articles found in the last 11 years, on the potential anticancer effects of pectins on colon cancer. Methods: PRISMA and Rayyan were used for the selection of studies and a standardized search was followed in four databases with the terms: modified pectins, cancer, therapy. Data extraction was performed using Excel and relevant information on anticancer activity was collected. Results: In total, 16 articles were included, finding seven in vitro, three mixed and six in vivo studies. The anticancer activity and optimization of the formulation...
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